Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections in Patients Treated With Fingolimod

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections increasingly are reported in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and constitute an area of significant concern, especially with the advent of more disease-modifying treatments in MS that affect T-cell-mediated immunity.

Reproducibility of Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Retinal Thickness Measurements and Conversion to Equivalent Time-Domain Metrics in Diabetic Macular Edema

Understanding measurement variability and relationships between measurements obtained on different optical coherence tomography (OCT) machines is critical for clinical trials and clinical settings.

Comorbidity of Severe Psychotic Disorders With Measures of Substance Use

Although early mortality in severe psychiatric illness is linked to smoking and alcohol, to our knowledge, no studies have comprehensively characterized substance use behavior in severe psychotic illness. In particular, recent assessments of substance use in individuals with mental illness are based on population surveys that do not include individuals with severe psychotic illness.

Activation, Self-management, Engagement, and Retention in Behavioral Health Care

Given minority patients' unequal access to quality care, patient activation and self-management strategies have been suggested as a promising approach to improving mental health care.

Association Between Nicotine Withdrawal and Reward Responsiveness in Humans and Rats

Reward-related disturbances after withdrawal from nicotine are hypothesized to contribute to relapse to tobacco smoking but mechanisms underlying and linking such processes remain largely unknown.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Short-term Morbidity in Patients Undergoing Mastectomy With and Without Breast Reconstruction

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) is increasingly being used in patients with breast cancer, and evidence-based reports related to its independent effects on morbidity after mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction are limited.

Training Outcomes of Preliminary Surgical Residents in a University and Veterans Affairs Surgical Residency

Nearly 1400 medical students enter preliminary surgical residency each year; placing some of these students into categorical surgical training is an important component of building the future surgical workforce.

Incentive spirometry for prevention of postoperative pulmonary complications in upper abdominal surgery

Wound infiltration with local anaesthetic agents for laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Ion densities and magnetic signatures of dust pickup at Enceladus

Encedalus' plume of charged dust has been shown to strongly modify the plasma structures. Therefore, we analyze the magnetic signatures of dust to constrain the dust plume. For the first time, the mutual feedback between the nanograins and their plasma environment is investigated. Our model combines plasma simulations by means of the A.I.K.E.F. (Adaptive Ion‐Kinetic Electron‐Fluid) code with Monte Carlo simulations of the 3‐D profiles of the gas and dust plumes. Data from several instruments of Cassini are considered: the neutral plume model is in good agreement with INMS data, whereas theoretical predictions of the peak ion density are compared against CAPS data, and properties of the dust are obtained by comparing our results with MAG data from the recent E14–E19 flybys. Our main results are (1) due to the ion‐neutral chemistry, H 3 O+ is the predominant ion species within the plume; (2) the high nanograin densities observed by CAPS require an increased effective ionization frequency to fulfill quasi‐neutrality; (3) the nanograin pickup current makes only a minor contribution to the current systems; i.e., the major contribution of the dust arises from electron absorption; (4) the pickup of nanograins is clearly visible in the magnetic field signatures, even including the distant encounter E15; (5) MAG data indicate a southward extension of the charged dust plume of at least 4 Enceladus radii; (6) the modification of the currents by the nanograins is responsible for the surprising fact that Cassini did not detect a region with a reduced magnetic field strength.