A Novel Image Encryption Scheme Based on Reversible Cellular Automata and Chaos

In this paper, a new scheme for image encryption is presented. The scheme is based on a chaotic map and cellular automata (CA). CA is a collection of cells arranged in a grid, such that each cell changes state as a function of time according to a defined set of rules that includes the states of neighboring cells. The major disadvantages of cellular automata in cryptography include limited number of reversal rules and inability to produce long sequences of states by these rules. In this paper, reversible cellular automaton is presented and used to solve this problem. The presented scheme is applied in three individual steps. Firstly, the image is blocked and the pixels are substituted by a reversible cellular automaton. Then, image pixels are scrambled by a chaos map that is produced by an elementary cellular automata and finally the blocks are attached and pixels are substituted by an individual reversible cellular automaton. Due to reversibility of used cellular automata, decryption scheme can reversely be applied. The experimental results show that encrypted image is suitable visually and this scheme has satisfied quantitative performance.

Effectiveness of using oils extracts of Peganum harmala and Rhanterium epapposum against Khapra beetle (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) and their chemical compositions

Essential oils extracted from two medicinal plants Peganum harmala and Rhanterium epapposum native to the Arabian Peninsula specially Saudi Arabia, were evaluated for their larvicidal effects and emergence of Khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium) adults. The oil analyzed by thin layer chromatography, the results of phytochemical analysis indicated that the presence of Alkaloids, flavonoids Triterpenes, Cumarins and Tannins in the two ethanolic extracts. The most abundant compounds were alkaloids and flavonoids. The essential oil of P. harmala showed toxicity against T. granarium third instar larvae with equivalent LD50 values of 23.5 μg/ml, when fed on treated seeds, with significant mortality rates up to 66% in three days. Whereas the toxicity effect was 49.7 μg/ml against T. granarium third instar, larvae contact treated surface. The essential oil of R. epapposum resulted into higher toxicity with LD50 values of 22.3 μg/ml with significant mortality up to 70% in three days. Comparing total mortality percentages of R. epapposum and P. harmala ethanoic extract on different treatments gives a good insight about their bioactivity. Key words: Insecticidal effect, oil extract, botanical insecticide, khapra beetle.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma as a mimicker in osteomyelitis: A case report

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients who have bone involvement are rarely seen. These patients exhibit very different clinical manifestations in comparison with the normal cases of these types of cancers. We report a case of NHL, firstly treated as osteomyelitis case of unidentified etiology. This case showed the difficulties that may occur while diagnosing this issue. The histopathological diagnosis is the final confirmation of this disease. Moreover, the primary and essential treatment for these patients is chemotherapy.

Doctoral Students and Writing Group Pedagogy for English Communication: Coaching Research Writing at a Japanese University

Strategy to enhance transgene expression in proximity of amyloid plaques in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

Gene therapy can be designed to efficiently counter pathological features characteristic of neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we took advantage of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) promoter to preferentially enhance transgene expression near plaques composed of amyloid-beta peptides (Aβ), a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in the TgCRND8 mouse model of amyloidosis. Methods: The delivery of intravenously injected recombinant adeno-associated virus mosaic serotype 1/2 (rAAV1/2) to the cortex and hippocampus of TgCRND8 mice was facilitated using transcranial MRI-guided focused ultrasound in combination with microbubbles (MRIgFUS), which transiently and locally increases the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). rAAV1/2 expression of the reporter green fluorescent protein (GFP) under a GFAP promoter was compared to GFP expression driven by the constitutive human beta actin (HBA) promoter. Results: MRIgFUS targeting the cortex and hippocampus facilitated the entry of rAAV1/2 and GFP expression under the GFAP promoter was localized to GFAP-positive astrocytes. Adjacent to Aβ plaques where GFAP is upregulated, the volume, surface area, and fluorescence intensity of the transgene GFP were greater in rAAV1/2-GFAP-GFP compared to rAAV1/2-HBA-GFP treated animals. In peripheral organs, GFP expression was particularly strong in the liver, irrespective of the promoter. Conclusion: The GFAP promoter enhanced transgene expression in proximity of Aβ plaques in the brain of TgCRND8 mice, and it also resulted in significant expression in the liver. Future gene therapies for neurological disorders could benefit from using a GFAP promoter to regulate transgene expression in response to disease-induced astrocytic reactivity.

Safety Profile and Patient Satisfaction in an Egyptian Cardiac Critical Care Unit

Background: Patient safety was one of the most important issues that arisen in health care management many studies were done at different cities to evaluate healthcare safety goals, the development of a checklist might help in improving the safety culture Purpose: Our work aimed to Measure the patient satisfaction at CCU, and assess the patient safety culture at CCU and finally develop Patient safety Checklist to improve performance Method: Our study was carried out in an adult Cardiac Critical care unit (CCU) at Tanta University hospital using the following Tools Safety Culture Survey Assessment tool Designed safety checklist Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ) It included the following phases Assessment of the safety culture Development of the checklist Evaluation of the checklist Results Study results claim that safety culture are poor in CCU especially for involvement of staff in decision making, and the absent of Safety rules and procedure which not supported from top management. But the new established safety checklist arise the safety awareness among the CCU staff. Most of patients complaining of waiting time, insurance coverage, care services, availability resources and perfection. Furthermore many physicians skills need more training to “be careful with patient’s complain, Explaining the diagnosis and treatment strategies with patients, be good listener’s, and Explain the medical terms”. Finally, patients feel insecure for all medical problems. Keywords : Safety goals- cardiac critical care- patient satisfaction-checklist DOI : 10.7176/JHMN/62-07 Publication date :May 31 st 2019

Study the Some Semen Parameters of Fertile and Infertile Male in Misan Province

Background :  Infertility in human is described as a situation in which a couple (male and female) does not succeed in achieving pregnancy despite of unprotected sexual intercourse over a period of 12 months.  The aim of the current study was to collect and analyses quantitative baseline data about the males suffering from the impaired infertility in Misan province. Material and Methods : semen samples have been collected and examined for 60 married male suffering from impaired fertility group and 19 health's married male as a control. Results : In regards to the mean volumes of seminal fluid and the pH values, the results showed that there were no statistically significant difference between infertile and control group. However, the results revealed the differences between the control and the infertile groups were highly significant for the total sperm count (p < 0.01).In terms of  the percentage of normal and abnormal sperm morphology, were no significant differences between the control and the infertile groups. The percentage of active sperm motile was significant (p< 0.05) in the control group compared with the infertile group. While the percentage of non motile sperm was significant (p< 0.05) in non fertile males in comparison to the males in the control group. Differences between the control and the infertile groups were non-significant regarding the percentage of weakness and sluggish sperm. The varicocele was the higher percentage while hormonal disorder was the lower percentage than the other causes. The incidence of infertility was more common among men in urban population compared with infertile men in rural population with a significant difference of (p < 0.01). Key words: semen, fertile, subfertile , male,  Misan DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/57-04 Publication date : July 31 st 2019

Risk of Serious Bleeding with Antiplatelet Therapy for Secondary Prevention Post Ischemic Stroke in Middle East Population

Stroke is a devastating disease, causing significant mortality and long-term disability worldwide. Since the bulk of ischemic strokes is attributed to atherothrombosis, secondary prevention with antiplatelet agents is essential to decrease the recurrence of stroke. Aspirin, as well as clopidogrel monotherapy, has been shown to reduce the relative risk of recurrent stroke. However, concerns regarding the efficacy and safety of dual antiplatelet approach still exist. Stroke patients are particularly susceptible to bleeding complications, which might be due to advanced age and comorbidities. Our study assessed the risk of serious bleeding among adult patients on antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention after stroke who were admitted to Mount Lebanon Hospital (MLH) between 2010 and 2015. It also studied the effect of the antiplatelet therapy, including dose and combination in increasing the risk of bleed. Methods A retrospective monocentric study included 454 patients who were admitted for ischemic cerebrovascular accident (CVA) between 2010 and 2015, and discharged on antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention. Those patients’ records were followed to assess the percentage of patients who developed a major bleed after initiation of antiplatelet therapy. Results The risk of serious bleed was highest with aspirin 100 mg monotherapy and dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) (Aspirin 100 mg + Clopidogrel 75 mg). Bleeding risk was high during the first three months of therapy. However, the highest risk of bleed exists during the duration extending between three months and one year for both aspirin 100 mg monotherapy and DAPT. Moreover, there was an established relation between patients’ related factors and bleeding risk. Advanced age and smoking were found to contribute to increasing this risk. Conclusion Aspirin 100 mg monotherapy and DAPT are associated with the highest risk of bleeding. Although this exists regardless of the duration of antiplatelet therapy, it is highest during the duration extending between three months and one year post initiation of antiplatelet therapy.

The Associations between Meat Group Consumption and Acute Myocardial Infarction Risks in an Iranian Population: a Case-Control Study

Acute myocardial infraction (AMI) is a highly frequent cause of mortality and disability around the world. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the associations between meat group intake levels and AMI risks in an adult Iranian population. This case-control study was conducted on 200 first AMI cases and 200 healthy individuals matched by age, sex, and body mass index. A Food Frequency Questionnaire validated for Iranian populations was used to assess usual dietary intake levels over the previous year. Data was extracted regarding the meat group-including meat (red and processed), fish, poultry, eggs, nuts, and legumes. The associations between meat group items and AMI were calculated by multivariable logistic regression. Red meat consumption was significantly positively associated with increased risk of AMI. After adjustment for potential confounders, a positive association was found between higher frequency of processed and red meat intake, and increased risk of AMI (processed meat consumption: odds ratio [OR], 1.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31-2.23 and red meat consumption: OR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.84-5.11). In addition, the results indicated an inverse association between the frequency of nuts consumption and AMI (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.31-0.92). There were no associations seen between poultry, fish, eggs and beans intake levels, and the odds of AMI. The current study suggested a direct association between the frequency of processed/red meat consumption and increased AMI risks. In addition, an inverse relation was observed between frequency of nuts consumption and the risks of AMI.

Immunohistochemical Study of Metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) Expression in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma