Journals
2026 EN
Cheng Weiren · Ding Ning · Zhang Xucheng
+8 more
Four‐Wave Mixing Four‐wave mixing is an enabling technique for optical frequency generation and translation. Boosting four‐wave mixing conversion efficiency is of central importance to a variety of applications that require rich spectral information. In their Research Article ( 10.1002/adpr.70166 ), Yi Li, Xingchen Ji, Qiancheng Zhao, and co‐workers propose a new perspective that field enhancement can be interpreted as an elongation of effective length. A unified framework is established to bridge nonresonant waveguides and resonant cavities and is experimentally verified in the gallium phosphide‐on‐insulator platform.
Journals
2026 EN
Golubev Victor · Phan Nguyen Huu Trong · Pohl Radek
+3 more
In contrast to wide‐ranging applications of axially and planar chiral bidentate phosphine ligands, the development of P‐chiral monophosphine ligands is much less advanced. Here a practical method is outlined for the synthesis of P‐chiral biaryl or ortho ‐((diphenyl)methyl)phenyl phosphines by desymmetrizing alkyl(diphenyl)phosphine oxides by directed ortho ‐lithiation and electrophilic quenching of the aryllithium intermediates. The biaryl subunit is introduced by Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling reactions of ortho ‐iodophenyl phosphine oxides in very good yields. Enantiomerically highly enriched phosphine oxides are obtained by crystallization. A widely unsolved problem consists of the asymmetric reduction of P‐chiral phosphine oxides to the corresponding phosphines. Herein, mild and highly selective Ti(O i Pr) 4 /hydrosilane‐mediated stereoretentive reduction reactions of biarylphosphine oxides or stereoinvertive reductions of ortho ‐(diphenylmethyl)phenyl phosphine oxides to the corresponding phosphines are described. The mechanism of this reduction method is investigated and most likely proceeds by a Ti(II)‐mediated PO bond cleavage in the phosphine oxide. The optically highly enriched P‐stereogenic monophosphine ligands form stable gold(I) complexes. Their initial application in an intramolecular asymmetric [2 + 2] cycloaddition of an allenyl indole reveals good catalytic activity and promising asymmetric induction.
Journals
2026 EN
Zheng Luping · Tian Yunfei · Fu Weijun
+1 more
In recent years, special emphasis has been put on spirocyclization reactions of biaryl ynones since these strategies offer versatile platforms for introducing various important functional groups into spirocyclic frameworks in a step‐economical manner, which is conducive to drug discovery. In this regard, various functionalized spiro[5.5]trienones and 3,3‐spiroindanones have been synthesized via the radical, radical cation, or electrophilic process promoted by thermal, photochemical, and electrochemical means. In this invited review, we systematically summarize the spirocyclization reactions of biaryl ynones with diverse organic precursors, highlighting the reaction patterns, mechanistic insights, and synthetic applications.
Journals
2026 EN
Stehr Philipp · Schneider Christoph
A stereoselective (3 + 3)‐cycloaddition between pyrrole‐3‐methides and carbonyl ylides, both generated in situ, has been developed to access densely substituted oxa‐bridged cyclohepta[1,2‐ b ]pyrroles in a single synthetic step. This transformation is enabled by a cooperative dual‐catalytic system comprising rhodium(II) acetate and a chiral phosphoric acid, each operating in separate catalytic cycles to generate the key transient intermediates. The reaction delivers structurally complex products bearing three stereogenic centers, two of which are quaternary. Excellent yields, high levels of enantioselectivity, and low to moderate diastereoselectivity are additional key features of this process. This methodology provides a straightforward synthetic access to valuable heterocyclic scaffolds with potential applications in synthetic and medicinal chemistry.
Journals
2026 EN
Li Ping · Wang Xu · Wei Jian
+2 more
Deuterium labeling is invaluable in life sciences and pharmacy, enhancing drug stability and efficacy. Beyond pharmaceuticals, deuterium compounds advance materials science through improved optical and electronic material properties. In chemical research, they enable reaction mechanism studies and interference‐free NMR spectroscopy. These applications highlight deuterium chemistry's essential role across scientific fields. Among deuterium sources, deuterium oxide (D 2 O) is widely recognized for its cost‐effectiveness, stability, and versatility in various reactions. This review explores the use of D 2 O as a deuterium source across key reaction types, including hydrogen isotope exchange, reductive deuteration, and defunctionalization–deuteration. Detailed insights into reaction mechanisms, catalyst selection, and experimental conditions are provided. Furthermore, the review highlights the advantages of D 2 O in achieving selectivity and compatibility in diverse chemical environments, addressing key challenges in deuterium chemistry. Finally, future directions and emerging trends in optimizing D 2 O‐based deuteration methods are discussed.
Journals
2026 EN
Wang Shan · Wu Xiankun · Hübner René
+1 more
Chemoenzymatic cascades combine the strengths of chemical and biological catalysis, offering tremendous potential for applications in synthetic chemistry, but integrating natural metallocofactors with immobilized enzymes in aqueous media remains underdeveloped. Here, we report the example of a recyclable chemoenzymatic cascade through integrating a natural metal‐based catalyst (vitamin B 12 ) with an immobilized enzyme. By a two‐step‐sequence chemoenzymatic cascade, vitamin B 12 first catalyzes a deprotection of allyl ether to release 3‐phenyl‐1‐propanol, which is subsequently converted by immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB) into the target ester 3‐phenylpropyl butyrate. CalB is immobilized on tailored alkyl‐functionalized silica nanoparticles, creating a hydrophobic microenvironment that enhances enzyme immobilization and good chemoenzymatic cascade activity, outperforming the controls (free enzyme and Novozyme 435). Under optimized conditions, the designed cascade reaction achieves 62% conversion in 24 h, and interestingly, the system can be reused for at least five cycles while retaining over 90% of its initial activity. As a compelling demonstration of integrating a natural metal complex with immobilized enzymes in a cascade process, this article establishes a good example for chemoenzymatic synthesis, with broad potential for extension to other high‐value chemical transformations.
Journals
2026 EN
Tian Yue · Zhang Yishen · Yuan Hao
+1 more
Glycerol, as the primary by‐product in the biodiesel production process, is abundant and cost‐effective. Its efficient conversion into other chemicals offers a promising strategy for alleviating the energy crisis. Electrocatalytic glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR) holds significant application potential due to its mild reaction conditions and lack of additional oxidants, enabling the production of various value‐added chemicals such as lactic acid (LA), dihydroxyacetone (DHA), glyceric acid (GLA), oxalic acid (OA), and formic acid (FA). When GOR is used to replace the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), it enables the coproduction of high‐value oxidation products and H 2 while minimizing energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. This has important research significance and value for the conversion of biomass resources and the energy‐efficient production of “green hydrogen.” Consequently, designing efficient and low‐cost electrocatalysts to achieve high activity and selectivity in GOR is a central research objective. Among these, transition metal materials demonstrate significant advantages. This review introduces the types of transition metal catalysts used for GOR and discusses recent catalyst design strategies to enhance GOR activity and selectivity, including nanostructure regulation, defects and surface engineering, heterostructure construction, and single‐atom catalysts. In addition, the practical applications of GOR as well as sustainability studies are discussed. Finally, we summarize the current challenges facing transition metal catalysts in GOR and discuss future prospects.
Journals
2026 EN
Shao Qingqing · Huang Guoqing · Wang Tong
+5 more
Metal‐covalent organic frameworks (M‐COFs) are a class of crystalline porous materials formed by the coordination bonds between metals centers and covalent organic frameworks (COFs). They retain the characteristics of COFs while providing exposed metal active sites. Compared with homogeneous transition metal catalysts, M‐COFs exhibit superior catalytic activity, high stability, tunability, high specific surface area, and ordered pore channels. More importantly, due to their heterogeneous nature, M‐COFs catalysts can be reused multiple times conveniently, avoiding the residual presence of transition metals and reducing resource and environmental consumption. This review introduces the general design strategies and synthesis methods of M‐COFs, briefly discusses the intrinsic relationship between their structure and catalytic activity, and focuses on summarizing their applications in organic transformations. It also highlights the advantages and challenges of M‐COFs in catalyzing organic transformation reactions and discusses the future development directions in this field.
Journals
2026 EN
Sa Yun · Wei Mengyuan · He Xing
+1 more
Amide bonds are ubiquitous in bioactive molecules, yet their synthesis often relies on prefunctionalized reagents or stoichiometric activators, posing sustainability challenges. Herein, we report a novel electrochemical decarboxylative amidation strategy enabling direct coupling of α‐keto acids with arylamines to access N‐arylamides under mild, oxidant‐free conditions. This redox mediator‐controlled indirect electrolysis harnesses ferrocene to facilitate single‐electron oxidation of α‐keto acids, generating acyl radicals that couple with anodically oxidized arylamine radicals to form amides efficiently. This programmable approach offers operational simplicity and synthetic versatility, providing streamlined access to valuable amide scaffolds with promising applications in medicinal chemistry.
Journals
2026 EN
Liu Kaijian · Ding Yumin · Li Jie
+5 more
Multicomponent alkene difunctionalization is persistently challenged by the difficult recovery of homogeneous catalysts and limited applicability to unactivated alkenes. While single‐atom catalysts (SACs) hold promise for overcoming these limitations, their application to such complex transformations remains unexplored thus far. Herein, we developed a Cu SAC (Cu 1 @NC) featuring atomically dispersed Cu–N 4 sites that enable efficient three‐component coupling of alkenes, quinoxalinones, and polyhalogenated alkanes. This catalytic system simultaneously installs both gem‐dihaloalkyl and quinoxalinone pharmacophores across a broad substrate scope (52 examples), including traditionally challenging unactivated aliphatic alkenes. Remarkably, Cu 1 @NC maintains excellent catalytic stability over >10 cycles with >95% of its initial activity retained and demonstrates robust scalability (72%–77% isolated yields in gram‐scale reactions). Most significantly, this catalytic system enables efficient late‐stage difunctionalization of alkenes derived from complex bioactive molecules (e.g., ibuprofen, borneol derivatives), underscoring its potential for pharmaceutical applications. Mechanistic investigations reveal that Cu 1 @NC mediates the radical pathway through two essential single‐electron transfer processes: activating TBHP to generate oxygen‐centered radicals and oxidizing intermediate IM‐4 to regenerate the catalytic center. This study delivers an atom‐ and step‐economical route to valuable drug‐like scaffolds, thus opening new avenues for heterogeneous catalysis in multicomponent reactions.