Isolation and identification of native degrading fungi from Wastewater's pollutants in cardboard recycling industry

By increasing the amount and diversity of bio-environmental wastewater pollutants, it is essential to be controlled and planed the environmental contaminants to eliminate or minimize. Cardboard recycling industry wastewater has the potential of environmental pollution; it is contaminated with various fungal species that may be effective in the decomposition and removal of pollutants. The aim of this study was the isolation and identification of native fungal species that decontaminate organic pollutants in the cardboard recycling industry wastewaters. Methods: In this study, which is a descriptive study, samples were randomly taken from different area of wastewater of cardboard recycling industry. Samples were cultured on Saboraud dextrose agar medium for isolation of probable fungal species, which decomposers of wastewater. The isolated fungal colonies were enumerated and purified based on morphological characteristics and microscopic analyzing as far as possible. Results: The average count of the total number of fungi species in wastewater of cardboard recycling industry was 2.5×102 CFU/ml of these 2.1×101 were saprophytic fungi. The most prevalent fungal species were identificated from the wastewater include Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillum, Geotrichum, Mucor, Drechselera, Paecillomyces, Alternaria, Fusarium and Absidia. The highest frequency of fungal species Aspergillus nige, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillum were 30.89%, 22.76% and 14.63% respectively. Conclusion: It seems that native fungi isolated from the cardboard recycling industry wastewater in this study are from fungi that have the potential for bioremediation of wastewater contaminants based on scientific literature and can be used for evaluating of their ability to decompose wastewater from this industry.

Identification and evaluation of human errors esing human factor analysis and classification system based on fuzzy hierarchy theory: a case study in the cement industry

Human factors studies have shown that about 80% of the root causes of major accidents have effected on safety, the environment or ergonomics are related to the human error. The purpose of this study was to identify human errors using the HFACS method and the FAHP theory in cement industry. Methods: The present study was a retrospective study carried out in one cement industry of fars provience. At first, the RCA analysis of 95 incidents occurred during the past six years was prepared. Then, by integrating the human factors analysis and classification system technique) HFACS( and the theory of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process) FAHP( by 4 safety engineers of the factory was analyzed. Results: The results of this study showed that the highest errors were related to the first level with the weight of 0.272, that was, the errors caused by unsafe acts, at this level of the subgroup of "skill-based error" with the weight of 0.269, the 2nd level of the sub-group of "industrial environment" with the weight of 0.155 , the 3rd subgroup of "inadequate supervision" with the weight of 0.352 and the 4th sub-category of "resource management" with the weight of 0.393 had the highest impact on the levels. Conclusion: The results show that errors have various causes, including individual, activity, situational, and organizational errors that require careful planning and management to eliminate or reduce these errors. This error reduction, according to safety expert theory, health and environment of the cement plant, including the promotion and effectiveness of staff training, safety guidelines, improvement of staff performance monitoring, identification, evaluation and elimination of high-risk risks, improvement of management and equipment systems, changing safety attitudes, as well as enhancing safety attitudes. Awareness can help reduce the likelihood of human error in the organization.

ABC_{4} and GA_{5} Indices of Para-Line Graph of Some Convex Polytope

In this paper, we will compute Fourth atom-bond connectivity index ABC_4(G) and Fifth geometric-arithmetic connectivity index GA_5(G), by considering G as para-line graph of some convex polytopes.

Compact and extremally disconnected spaces via generalized continuous functions

In [12], the class of compact and extremally dinconnected spaces were studied using several investigative tools such as filters, graphs, functions, multifuctions and subsets of the space. These different approaches of investigation produced significant charecterizations and properties of this important class of spaces. In [3] we introduced three forms of generalized continuous functions by studying the class of u-continuous functions of Joseph, Kwack and Nayar [9] using the concepts of an α-set of Njastad [13]. The generalized continuous forms introduced there are: αu-continuous, semi-αu-contnuous and strongly u-continuous functions. In the present study we investigate the class of compact and extremally disconnected spaces using these generalized continuous functions.

Effect of dodecylbenzenesulphonate on Electrocatalytic Activity of NiOx Nanoparticles for glucose oxidation

The impacts of addition of organic compound (anionic surfactant) dodecylbenzenesulphonate (DBS) on the electrodeposition of nickel oxide (NiOx) nanoparticles and on the electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose from alkaline solution are studied. NiOx nanoparticles are electrodeposited on the surface of a glassy carbon (GC) electrode in the presence and absence of the DBS. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) are used for characterization of the above electrodes. The peak current of the redox couple Ni(II)/Ni(III) increases with the [DBS] before it decreases at [DBS] > 1×10 M. The electrocatalytic activity of the NiOx/GC electrode towards the electrochemical oxidation of glucose is affected by the same manner. An attempt to correlate this electrocatalytic enhancement with the addition of the DBS is introduced. Optimum concentration of the DBS is obtained that gives the best enhancement in the electrochemical and electrocatalytic properties.

Egypt’s Defense Industry: Dependency, Civilian Production, and Attempts at Autonomy

ENERGY COMMITMENT: A PLANNING OF ENERGY CARRIER BASED ON ENERGY CONSUMPTION

Purpose. Energy consumption is one of the criteria for determining the quality of life in a country. Continued supply of energy and the possibility of long-term access to resources require a comprehensive plan. One of the key issues in the field of energy planning is energy carriers. In this paper, a new theory is introduced to energy network studies for planning of energy carriers called Energy Commitment. In this theory, an appropriate planning is applied for energy carriers based the final energy consumption. Energy carriers are available either naturally or after the energy conversion process. Energy commitment is modeled on an energy network with the presence of electrical energy, gas energy, transportation section, agriculture section, industrial section, residential section, commercial section, and general section.

Determination of Nicotine Extracted from Eggplant and Green Pepper by HPLC

Nicotine was separated from eggplant and green pepper seeds (Solanaceous) by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).The concentration of nicotine in the eggplant extract (0.871-0.877 μg/ml) was determined by injecting standard material with 0.5 and 1.5 μg/ml, while the concentrations of nicotine in green pepper extract (0.613-0.618 μg/ml) was determined when the standard material was injected with 0.5 and 1.5 μg/ml. The qualitative chemical data was calculated from derivations of the standard material. Nicotine concentration was measured qualitatively in both extracts through the calibration curve and method of the standard addition. This technique has high accuracy and compatibility, bringing the proportion of relative recovery percentage of nicotine extracted from eggplant seeds to 95.880-103.104% and relative error of -4.119-3.104%. Relative recovery percentage of nicotine extracted from green pepper seeds was 97.284 103.518 % and relative error was -2.716-3.518%.

Determination of Nicotine Extracted from Eggplant and Green Pepper by HPLC

Sexual assertiveness in women with and without substance-dependent husbands: A comparative study