Journals
2019 EN
Hamzehgardeshi Zeinab · Yazdani Fereshteh · Elyasi Forouzan
+4 more
Background: One of the stressful and critical experiences that threat the individual, family, marital, and social stability is infertility.
Objective: To identify the effects of midwifery-led counselling programs on the perceived stress of the women undergoing assisted reproductive treatment.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 50 infertile women who underwent in vitro fertilization treatment for the first time were enrolled in two groups. The intervention group received six sessions of group counselling by M.Sc. midwifery of counseling student and the control group received only the routine care. All participants filled Newton’s standard questionnaire before and at the time of puncture, embryo transfer and the pregnancy test.
Results: The mean ± SD scores for the perceived infertility stress before the intervention in the control and the intervention groups were 167.92 ± 12.14 and 166.75 ± 13.27, respectively. The mean of perceived stress after intervention at the time of oocyte puncture in the control and case group were 177.12 ± 19.37 and 115.75 ± 13.88, at the time of embryo transfer were 179.40 ± 18.34 and 118.08 ± 15.37, and at the time of pregnancy test was 183.76 ± 14.97 and 120.50 ± 16.24, respectively. The perceived stress of infertility after intervention were statistically significant in the two groups (p ≤ 0.001).
Conclusion: Group counselling is one of the effective methods for reducing the perceived stress in women undergoing assisted reproductive treatment.
Key words: Infertility, Group counselling, Perceived infertility stress.
Journals
2019 EN
Oshrieh Zeinab · Keramat Afsaneh · Shariati Mohammad
+3 more
Background: Childbearing motives are considered as the primary stimulus of fertility and the importance of making fertility decisions in humans.
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of a new form of interactional program on the childbearing motives of students.
Materials and Methods: According to a well-defined, single-blind randomized controlled trial, we selected eight government schools in Tehran. Students in the age range of 7-12 yr and 16-18 yr (130 students in each school with a total number of 260) were selected for a series of intervention from storytelling to free discussion on a special subject through the concept of hidden curriculum. We evaluate the outcome with pretest-posttest based on the Miller childbearing motives questionnaire. One month after the last intervention, final evaluation took place.
Results: The findings showed that after an intervention conducted in the best way, all positive scores were promoted while the negative ones declined. One the other hand, no matter what really the participant’s groups were, their total intention score got better. In this way, the total positive scores were significantly increased in the intervention groups (p = 0.000) Also, the students in high school significantly improved in positive scores and the negative score decreased in them.
Conclusion: This study showed that the fundamental childbearing motives even with small interventions can be improved. Our intervention could improve the positive childbearing motives among school girls. In this regard, the role of some confounding factor such as the role of some confounding factors such as religious beliefs in family, maternal education is most important.
Key words: Childbearing, Motive, School, Adolescents, Intention.
Journals
2019 EN
Hamzehgardeshi Zeinab · Yazdani Fereshteh · Elyasi Forouzan
+4 more
Letter to Editor
The stressful experience of infertility is associated with a wide range of psychological damage (1), so infertility affects people’s mental health and all aspects of an individual’s life (2). Since women in the family are considered to be the main pillars of the community and they are also more vulnerable to illnesses, therefore consideration of their health is also very important (3). The objective of the current letter is investigating the mental health status of infertile women and its related factors as predictors of mental health ininfertile women. This is a descriptive study conducted on 100 infertile women referred to the infertility treatment centers in Mazandaran province, North of Iran. The General Health Questionnaire was provided to the infertile women. The questionnaire is a self-reporting questionnaire that is used clinically to track those who are prepared for mental illness(4).Based on the findings, Total Scale of General Health Questionnaire was 33.18 ± 10.27 that was according to the cut-off point of 22, 85% of the infertile women in this study are in the disorder condition. Also, in terms of subscales: physical complaints was 8.65 ± 3.97, anxiety and insomnia was 8.69 ± 5.58, disruption of social function was 12.73 ± 3.34, and depression was 3.10 ± 3.79. The most common disorder was related tosocial disorder subscale and the least common subscale was related to the depressiondisorder. The subscales of physical symptoms and sleep disturbance and anxiety areranked almost at one level, and they are classified between the two subscales that werealready mentioned. Therefore, based on our findings and the level of women’s mental health, there isa need for a psychologist or midwifery counselor in the infertility treatment centers to improve the mental health of women. In addition, since the mental disease may also affect the outcome of the treatment, attention to the mental health of infertile women is really importance.
Journals
2019 EN
Bakhteyari Abbas · Zarrin Yasaman · Nikpour Parvaneh
+5 more
Background: Diabetes mellitus deeply changes the genes expression of integrin (Itg) subunits in several cells and tissues such as monocytes, arterial endothelium, kidney glomerular cells, retina. Furthermore, hyperglycemia could impress and reduce the rate of successful assisted as well as non-assisted pregnancy. Endometrium undergoes thorough changes in normal menstrual cycle and the question is: What happens in the endometrium under diabetic condition?
Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate the endometrial gene expression of α3, α4, αv, Itg β1 and β3 subunits in diabetic rat models at the time of embryo implantation.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, diabetic group, pioglitazone-treated group, and metformin-treated group. Real-time PCR was performed to determine changes in the expression of Itg α3, α4, αv, β1, and β3 genes in rat’s endometrium.
Results: The expression of all Itg subunits increased significantly in diabetic rats’ endometrium compared with control group. Treatment with pioglitazone significantly reduced the level of Itg subunits gene expression compared with diabetic rats. While metformin had a different effect on α3 and α4 and elevated these two subunits gene expression.
Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus significantly increased the expression of studied Itg subunits, therefore untreated diabetes could be potentially assumed as one of the preliminary elements in embryo implantation failure.
Journals
2019 EN
Amirreza Talaiekhozani · Ali Mohammad Amani · Zeinab Eskandari
+1 more
Although many studies on Isfahan’s air pollution have been done, there is no report about the effects of cigarette consumption in Isfahan. The aims of this study were (a) to find the amount of nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide emitted by cigarette consumption in Isfahan; and (b) to model the distribution of such pollutants in Isfahan’s atmosphere. Materials and methods: Based on the literature, it is assumed that 15% of Isfahan’s people consume cigarettes and each smoker on average smokes 1,147 cigarettes per year. Based on these assumptions, the 249,000 smokers living in Isfahan consume 285,000,000 cigarettes per year. The amount of pollutant emissions was calculated by existing emission factors for cigarette consumption. Finally, the distribution of the emitted pollutants from cigarette consumption in Isfahan’s atmosphere was modeled using AERMOD. Results: The results illustrated that each year, 2.85 kg nitrogen oxides, 2.85 kg hydrocarbons, 37.05 kg carbon monoxide and 142.5 kg carbon dioxide are emitted into Isfahan’s atmosphere from residents’ smoking. The modeling of pollutants’ dispersion in Isfahan’s atmosphere showed that only some of these pollutants result from cigarette consumption. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the amount of pollutants emitted by cigarette consumption was negligible compared to the other pollutant sources in Isfahan.
Journals
2019 EN
Roohollah Askari · Mohammad Ranjbar · Mehran Nakhaeizadeh
+4 more
Article History: Received: 21 Jul 2018 Revised: 22 Oct 2018 Accepted: 20 Dec 2018 Background: Leukemia is the fifth most common cancer among both genders. The prevalence of this type of cancer has been increasing in Iran. According to the Iranian Cancer Registry System, leukemia is among the first four cancer cases in terms of causing mortality. Considering the importance of survival rate of patients with acute cancers in Iran, this study aimed to study survival of patients with acute adult leukemia in Iran systematically. Methods: In this study, all articles on the survival rate of patients with acute leukemia were searched throughout the Google scholar PubMedScopus, of science, Cochrane, Magiran, Irandoc, SID websites. Our search included the articles published up to June 2017.Using the keywords of Iran, Leukemia, Survival rate, blood cancer, life expectancy and their compositions. The search process was completed by two researchers independently. Then, all the reviewed articles and theses that met our inclusion criteria were examined. The data were analyzed using a comprehensive meta-analysis software and by running the Cochran test. Results: We investigated eight studies with a sample of 1219 people in our metaanalysis. The findings showed that the 1-year survival rate for adults with acute leukemia was 61 % and the 5-year survival rate was 48 %. Conclusion: According to the research findings, the survival rate of patients with acute leukemia in Iran is the same as other countries.
Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences
Journals
2019 EN
Seyde Sedighe Yousefi · Omid Sadeghpour · Zeinab Hamzehgardeshi
+1 more
Objective: To investigate the effect of the Carum carvi (Bunium persicum Boiss) plant, a gas solvent, on resumption of bowel motility after caesarean section. Materials and methods: A randomized controlled trial was done on a group of 98 women undergoing elective caesarean section under general anesthesia in a university hospital. Patients in the intervention group (Group A) drank 10 ml of a syrup containing 8 g of Bunium persicum Boiss in 20 ml of syrup 6 to 7 hours after surgery. The control group (Group B) comprised 10 patients who drank 10 ml of placebo syrup 6 to 7 hours after surgery. Demographic characteristics, time to first hearing of normal intestinal sounds, time to first flatus, time to first bowel movement, and length of hospital stay were compared between the two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the intervention group had a significantly shorter mean time to hearing the first intestinal sounds (10.66 ± 2.38 vs. 19.54 ± 3.85 h), mean time to first flatus (13.91 ± 3.73 vs. 24.82 ± 5.83 h), mean time to first bowel movement (19.31 ± 4.63 vs. 30.70 ± 10.21 h), and mean length of hospitalization (31.70 ± 7.70 vs. 49.20 ± 10.16 h) (p < 0.05). No patients developed serious side effects associated with consumption of the syrup. Conclusion: The use of a gas solvent such as Bunium persicum Boiss after caesarean section can speed the resumption of postoperative bowel motility.
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Journals
2019 EN
Ozhan Karimi · Zeinab Abokhamsi · Mohammad Saki
Background: In modern organizations, establishment and utilization of the entrepreneurial thinking are inevitable. Entrepreneurial thinking is considered as the insight and ability of the founders as well as the cause of the organizations' birth and death. In order to develop and strengthen the entrepreneurial spirit in organizations, appropriate facilities should be provided, such as organizational structures and formations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of organizational structure on the entrepreneurial spirit of the staff working in the vice-chancellor for treatment of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of medical sciences (AJUMS), Ahvaz, Iran. Methods: This descriptive-analytic and correlational study was conducted on all the staff of vice-chancellor for treatment of AJUMS in 2017 (n = 260). The randomized cluster sampling method was applied and 152 employees were selected. Data collection tools were the Robbins Standard Organizational Structure questionnaires and a researcher-made questionnaire on organizational entrepreneurship. The reliability coefficients of these 2 questionnaires were calculated as 0.85 and 0.81 using Cronbach's alpha, respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient, univariate t test, regression coefficient) were used to analyze the data with SPSS 19. Results: The results indicated that the mean scores of the organizational entrepreneurship components in the studied university were higher than the average. The organizational structure had a positive and significant relationship with organizational entrepreneurship (r = 0.08) and formalization had a positive and significant relationship with entrepreneurship (r = 0.20). Furthermore, the complexity had a negative and reverse relationship with entrepreneurship (r = 0.16) and concentration had a positive and insignificant relationship with entrepreneurship (r = 0.11). Conclusion: It can be argued that reduction of complexity, horizontal and vertical segregation in the structure of the vice-chancellor for treatment, and effective utilization of the standard procedures and guidelines can be used as a suitable and beneficial strategy for innovation in providing health services in hospitals and affiliated centers.
Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences
Journals
2019 EN
Behzad Fouladi · Zeinab Mosavianasl · Mojtaba Shegerd
+2 more
Desirable lighting is of the main factors in educational spaces. It is clear that schools with inadequate lighting cause great musculoskeletal injuries, vision problems, neurological and learning problems in students. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the lighting intensity of elementary schools in Ahvaz city and to compare it with the standard values in 2017. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among the elementary schools in the eastern area of Ahvaz. A number of classes and halls were selected from each school by cluster sampling method. Then, the intensity of general lighting was measured using a network method. The 1339 Tes brightness measuring instrument was used to measure the general and local illumination. Finally, data were analyzed by Excel software. Results: The results showed that the average brightness intensity was lower than the recommended standard in 75 percent of classes and 62.5 percent of halls. In terms of lighting conditions, girls' schools were more undesirable compared with boys' schools. Moreover, measurement of localized lighting on boards and tables showed that only 12.5 percent of classrooms had a good condition. Conclusion: The inappropriate and faulty sources of lighting systems have led to a non-uniform distribution of lighting in schools. Therefore, in order to improve the level of students' health and learning, lighting systems should be corrected to achieve appropriate illumination in accordance with the standard values in schools.
Journals
2019 EN
Behzad Fouladi · Zeinab Mosavianasl · Parisa Ahmadi
+3 more
Hospitals are one of the most important sources of health and medical services, with employees working in different parts that in touch with numerous Occupational harmful factors and Occupational Accidents. Through examining the accident occurring among employees, can do important action to reduce the Human and financial losses. Therefore, the current study aimed at comparing occupational accidents among the staff of the two educational hospitals of Medical Sciences University of Ahvaz.
Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in 2017 among laboratory staff, nurses and operating room personnel in two educational hospitals. 110 persons from each hospital (sample size based on Cochran formula) participated in the study and information about the experiences of accidents occurred for employees and the days of absence were collected through a questionnaire. Finally, data analysis was done by using SPSS 22 software.
Findings: Over 85% of staff in educational hospitals No. 1 and No. 2 were female. The nurses had the highest frequency in terms of the organizational status of the staff employed in these two hospitals. The incident Crop with sharp objects in the hospital 1 and the incidence of skin contact with blood or other body fluids in the hospital 2 were the most frequent among other incidents.
Results: Due to the fact that skin contact with blood or other body fluids has the highest rate of recurrence among other events, it can lead to an increase in absenteeism. Therefore, recommended services provided by professional health experts on the continued use of gloves and the selection of suitable gloves are helpful.