Journals
2026 EN
Núñez-Puente Carolina
Erín Moure’s “Homenaxes á auga / Homages to Water” features the ingredients of borscht. My reading argues that poetic language can function as a criticism of capitalism (Morrison), environmental destruction, and militarism. That is, giving poetic shape to her mother’s recipe, Moure approaches herstorical memory; her focus on a vegetarian version of borscht leads to a consideration of animal abuse and food waste; the lyrical-critical allusions to armed conflicts encourage readers both to remember past wars and to be alert to violence in the present and future. The poet thus offers readers alternative paradigms from feminist new materialisms (Alaimo; Barad; Bennett; Braidotti), as a means to vindicate affection and respect. Finally, the natural world is portrayed as a model for ethics.
Journals
2026 EN
Cosemans Sara · Himpe Robbe
After Pinochet’s military coup in 1973, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) coordinated the resettlement of thousands of refugees from Chile. An unusual destination was Romania, which admitted the largest number of refugees in communist Eastern Europe. Yet this symbolic gesture soon proved unsustainable: by 1977, nearly 450 of the 1,500 Chileans resettled in Romania had fled again, seeking asylum in Western Europe. This article traces this ‘second escape’ and examines how UNHCR responded to this secondary movement. It first reconstructs the international effort to resettle Chileans across the Iron Curtain and highlights Romania’s strategic motivations. It then explores how deteriorating conditions led to renewed flight. Finally, it analyses UNHCR’s reluctance to acknowledge the program’s failure. The article argues that, under High Commissioner Sadruddin Aga Khan, resettlement became a tool of Cold War diplomacy—expanding UNHCR’s global footprint at the expense of its protective mandate.
Journals
2026 EN
Žíla Ondřej
This paper revisits the complexities of post-war returns in Bosnia and Herzegovina, exploring how returnees’ motivations, livelihood strategies, and personal circumstances intersect with the changing political, social, and material landscapes of displacement and return. Drawing on fieldwork data, it demonstrates how returnees sustain translocal connections through networks, commuting patterns, and socio-economic practices. By introducing the notion of partial return, this paper advances a critical framework for examining the dialectical tension between mobility and emplacement among internally displaced people who decided to return. Empirically, the study distinguishes between nominal and de facto modes of partial returns, highlighting how they arise as adaptive responses to the gap between international return policies specified in the Dayton Peace Agreement and intricate post-war realities. By situating partial returns as pragmatic responses to the difficulties, uncertainties, and insecurities shaping post-war environments and everyday local contexts, this study contributes to debates concerning migration, displacement, and transnational studies.
Journals
2026 EN
Hill Kate
This article examines the brief flowering of spaces for children in British museums in the first half of the twentieth century. It argues that managing museum space for both adults and children became an important issue for curators, merging with and to an extent replacing nineteenth-century concerns with managing space to accommodate different class groups. It investigates the children’s galleries, ‘corners’ and museums which emerged between 1900 and 1950, comparing them with fuller provision in the USA. In the UK, children’s museum spaces were constrained by a lack of space, expertise and money, and a concern not to make the museum childish; and by an association of children’s provisions with slum areas and women experts. Curators were unsure how far to adopt a child-focused approach, or for which age groups they should provide. For a few commentators, children’s presence was seen as incompatible with adult use of museums, to the point where they should be totally barred. Thus, children’s spaces were partly a way of separating children and adults in museums, and reinforced a sense of difference between adult and child visitors. Most children’s spaces disappeared after the Second World War, as slums and unaccompanied child visitors declined, and a focus on more ‘professional’ curating emerged. Fewer children seem to have visited, a trend accelerated by the wider context of familial and leisure change. The development of more engaging displays for all, not just children, served to narrow the apparent intellectual gulf between adult and child.
Journals
2026 EN
Ladds Catherine
The twentieth-century codification of British nationality, beginning with the 1914 British Nationality and Status of Aliens Act, had a profound impact upon British settler communities on the edges of empire, where the loss or acquisition of British status determined access to passports and extraterritorial protection. Although the 1948 British Nationality Act has often been privileged as a watershed moment in the intertwined histories of national belonging and post-war migration to Britain, this study instead draws attention to the longer genealogy of this political dialogue by positioning the inter-war period as a time when the parameters of British nationality were defined and refracted through the circumstances of putative Britons overseas. Consular responses to applications for British status in the Chinese treaty ports suggest that the parameters of British legal belonging, which required more careful definition against the backdrop of extraterritorial rights and protections, were worked out in detail in jurisdictional borderlands on the edges of empire. Petitions from individual constituents grappling with an evolving statutory landscape demonstrate that nationality became increasingly meaningful in concrete ways in the lives of ordinary settlers and sojourners in the twentieth century. The formal exclusion from this legal category of specific groups of people living beyond the boundaries of British territory, particularly ‘illegitimate’ children, married women, and children born to British mothers, had sharply felt effects upon the mobility, personal freedoms, and family cohesion of scores of settlers.
Resource
2026 EN
Nereida Rodriguez-Alvarez · Xavier Bosch-Lluis · Kamal Oudrhiri
Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS-R) signals are frequently used to analyze surface scattering properties at L-band, providing valuable observations of Earth's surface conditions. However, GNSS-based remote sensing is inherently vulnerable to radio-frequency interference (RFI) and signal disruptions, particularly in conflict zones where electronic warfare tactics may be employed. According to a study of the Strategic Studies Institute (SSI) US Army War College, the Ukraine-Russia war, for example, has seen an unprecedented level of GNSS denial operations, with military and tactical jamming systems deployed to disrupt satellite-based navigation and communication. Such interference not only affects positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) services but also has significant implications for remote sensing systems that rely on GNSS signals. This study examines worldwide detections of RFI through L2c GNSS-R measurements through the Soil Moisture Active Passive Reflectometer (SMAP-R) in the last decade. While the RFI would be detected by any GNSS-R mission with worldwide coverage, employing SMAP-R data enables worldwide observations of the RFI dating back to 2015, and enables measuring the polarimetric imprint of the RFI over time for the first time. RFI is extensively detected over East Europe, arising from regions affected by the Ukraine-Russia war. Additionally, the conflict in Syria, and the civil war in Burma are both very distinctive areas. Besides observing an increased noise in the GPS L2c band, which translates into a dramatically reduced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), SMAP-R shows anomalous polarimetric responses resulting from the signal distortion, the degraded signal coherence, and the unexpected scattering patterns of interfering signals transmitted from jammers. SMAP-R proves a vast depolarization of the GNSS signal through the Stokes and child Stokes parameters. RFI over those areas makes the retrieval of geophysical parameters unfeasible. A flagging methodology is defined as it is being added to the SMAP-R dataset.
Resource
2026 EN
B. Yailymov · L. Pidgorodetska · L. Kolos
+2 more
To develop scenarios for post-war reconstruction of Ukraine, in particular the measures to stabilize the functioning of war-damaged territories, it is necessary to assess the land cover ecological state based on comprehensive system monitoring. Currently, there are no comprehensive quantitative assessments that combine multiparametric analysis of physical, hydrological properties of the surface soil layer and land cover parameters using high spatial resolution satellite data. The purpose of this article is to create a model for assessing land cover ecological state of southern Ukraine based on satellite data with high spatial resolution (10 m) to analyze the consequences of the Kakhovka Reservoir shallowing. To form an integrated ecological state index (ESI), the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method is used for four main indicators: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), land surface temperature (LST), moisture deficit in the surface soil layer (SSMD) and drought severity index (DSI). Sentinel, Landsat and MODIS satellite data, as well as machine learning methods, are used to calculate the values of the indicators. The ESI allows for a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the land cover state. Analysis of long-term ESI data showed a significant deterioration in the ecological state of the studied territory. The average index value decreased by 17.3% over 2019 2024, with the sharpest deterioration observed in 2022-2024 (a decrease of 15.5%). Qualitative analysis revealed that the area of favorable zones decreased by almost half (–49%), while the area of problem zones increased by 59%. If in 2019–2022 the distribution of zones remained relatively stable (the share of problem zones increased only from 33.9% to 34.8%), then in 2022 2024 there were sharp changes (an increase to 53.9%), likely caused by increased drought conditions and the consequences of the destruction of the Kakhovka HPP. The developed model with 10 m resolution enables ecological state assessment, land degradation detection and restoration planning, irrigation optimization in water-scarce conditions, evaluation of crop production potential and food security, monitoring of territories where ground surveys are impossible, and evidence-based support for land management and post-war recovery.
Resource
2026 EN
Seungbum Lim · Seungcheol Oh · Jungwook Suh
Energy efficiency has become increasingly important in robotic systems due to rising energy consumption and environmental concerns. To address this issue, this study presents a low-power tug-of-war cable-driven actuator that reduces drive motor torque demand by providing assistive torque through spring pretension. The proposed actuator adopts a hybrid architecture in which a drive motor generates joint motion, while an assist motor regulates spring pretension. To eliminate the continuous power normally required to maintain high pretension, an eccentric multisingular mechanism is introduced at the assist motor. Owing to its geometric characteristics, the eccentric spool creates specific rotational configurations where the effective moment arm approaches zero, enabling zero-power holding under cable tension. For experimental validation, the proposed actuator was implemented on a three-degree-of-freedom cable-driven manipulator and evaluated through assistive-force characterization, zero-power holding verification, repetitive trajectory tracking, and break-even analysis under different external load conditions. Experimental results show that the proposed actuator reduces drive motor current and total energy consumption by more than 50% compared with a nonassisted configuration, while the switching cost of pretension control is recovered within a small number of cycles. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed actuator for energy-efficient cable-driven robotic systems.
Journals
2026 EN
Amias David · Shtayner Ofra
ABSTRACT This study examines the experiences of Israeli therapists in conditions of collective trauma following the devastating events of October 7, 2023. The study is based on eight in‐depth interviews conducted with six therapists, a director, and a clinical supervisor at the Sdot Negev Resilience Centre in southern Israel, conducted during the period May to July 2024, 8–10 months after the start of the war between Israel and Hamas. The interviews focussed on (1) the challenges of providing mental health treatment after the October 7 terrorist attacks, (2) adapting professional interventions to the new reality, and (3) personal coping resources of the therapists. A thematic analysis of the interviews raised five main themes: the need for mental flexibility and creativity in therapeutic interventions in emergency situations; the challenge of maintaining professional involvement against the backdrop of the crisis of trust in the state's systems; the impact of strong identification between therapists and clients against the background of the shared traumatic experience; the increased importance of self‐care for caregivers; the added value of systemic work with families and communities. The findings of the study indicate the need to develop a new treatment paradigm adapted to situations of collective trauma, while recognising the complexity of therapeutic work when the therapist is part of the affected community.
Journals
2026 EN
Su ChiWei · Ding YuMei · Wang KaiHua
+1 more
ABSTRACT In this paper, the safe‐haven attributes of green bonds, gold, and bitcoin are compared to those of traditional bonds under various time periods and quantiles by using the WQC methodology. The results indicate that green bonds exhibited a stable safe‐haven function at longer time horizons during the full sample period, whereas other assets did not have safe‐haven features. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, bitcoin exhibited safe‐haven attributes at all time horizons, whereas gold demonstrated these characteristics over the short and medium terms. In the sample period during the Russia–Ukraine war, green bonds had strong safe‐haven properties at shorter and middle time horizons, whereas bitcoin had these properties at longer time spans. In this paper, a multivariate network framework that includes green bonds, gold, and bitcoin is constructed, and the theoretical foundations that influence the safe‐haven attributes of assets are detailed. In addition, this study clearly presents the safe‐haven effects of assets under various sample periods, time horizons, and quantiles, thereby bridging the gap of existing studies that ignore time frequency. Thus, this paper provides advice for investors, regulators, and policy‐makers, such as choosing portfolios on the basis of asset characteristics, monitoring asset disclosure, and encouraging the trading of safe‐haven assets.
John Wiley & Sons Australia