Journals
2025 EN
Khojah Hanan · Aldekhail Nasser M. · Almudhyan Randa M.
+10 more
ABSTRACT Harmine, a β‐carboline alkaloid derived from plants like Banisteriopsis caapi and Peganum harmala , possesses significant pharmacological properties, including anti‐inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, which make it a potential candidate for therapeutic applications. However, the precise determination of harmine in biological matrices, particularly human plasma, poses analytical challenges due to the complexity of the matrix. This study introduces a sensitive spectrofluorimetric method utilizing Tinopal CBS‐X, a fluorescent dye, to enhance harmine determination through the formation of a stable ion‐pair complex. The interaction between harmine and Tinopal CBS‐X under acidic conditions led to a notable increase in fluorescence intensity (excitation at 345 nm, emission at 431 nm), enabling determination over a concentration range of 1–200 ng/mL, with limits of detection and quantification at 0.181 and 0.543 ng/mL, respectively. The method was validated in accordance with ICH guidelines, demonstrating excellent linearity ( r 2 = 0.9997), accuracy (99.25% recovery), and precision (RSD < 1.3%). Additionally, the method demonstrated high selectivity, as no interference from the plasma matrix was observed, confirming its reliability. Its successful application to spiked human plasma samples resulted in a mean percent recovery of 98.99%, highlighting its suitability for harmine determination in plasma matrices.
Journals
2025 EN
Mohamed Abobakr A. · Halawa Mohamed Ibrahim · Omar Mahmoud A.
+1 more
ABSTRACT Epinastine (EPS), an antihistaminic drug, is used to prevent itching of the eye caused by a condition known as allergic conjunctivitis. Few reported methods were reported for detecting EPS. Most of these reported methods are chromatographic methods that require expensive techniques and hazardous solvents. Inspired by EPS's medical importance and the absence of native fluorescence of ESP, we introduce a sensitive fluorimetric method for detecting EPS in eye drops and artificial aqueous humor for the first time. The method presented here utilizes a well‐known derivatization reaction called Hantzsch derivatization reaction to convert the nonfluorescent EPS drug to a fluorescent derivative. All the factors affecting the sensitivity of the developed method were optimized to enhance the method's sensitivity. After optimizations, this reaction enables the fluorimetric quantification of EPS at λ em 484 nm ( λ ex = 410 nm) in eye drops and spiked aqueous humor without any interference from the excipients or naturally present biomolecules. The dynamic range for EPS detection in the pure state is 0.1–1.0 μg/mL (LOQ = 79.23 ng/mL and LOD = 26.15 ng/mL). The approach exhibits favorable percentage recoveries in spiked aqueous humor (95.80 ± 1.57% to 100.80 ± 1.89%).
Journals
2025 EN
Ahmed Amal B. · Draz Mohammed E. · Asad Haydy
+2 more
ABSTRACT Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurological disorder that causes damage to sensory neurons, then paralysis and death. A novel combination of celecoxib (CXP) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) has recently been used to enhance both motor performance and CNS cell morphology, alterations in the rate of disease progression, quality of life, and survival, which passed phase IIb RCT study. Celecoxib is classified as a non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug; ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that has a synergistic effect for the treatment of ALS, which is a severe neurological disorder. A new sustainable, simple, sensitive, and environmentally friendly synchronous spectrofluorimetric approach (SSF) was established to simultaneously estimate celecoxib and ciprofloxacin in pure form and biological fluids. The approach depends on synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, where CXP and CIP were detected at 364 and 438 nm, correspondingly, using Δ λ of 80‐nm utilizing sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) micellar system, which considerably improved synchronous fluorescence intensity. The approach was validated and revealed excellent linearity with concentrations varying from 10 to 10,000 and 5 to 20,000 ng/mL for CXP and CIP; correspondingly, CXP and CIP showed extremely low limits of detection (LODs) 0.58–0.24 ng/mL, which guarantee the sensitivity of the proposed approach. The suggested approach was successfully implemented to analyze the co‐administered pharmaceuticals in their pure form and actual human plasma after concurrent oral administration of both drugs, which may be employed in an inquiry on the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of human plasma to the new coming PrimeC pharmaceutical formulation. Ultimately, the method's remarkable greenness was proved by evaluating its greenness profile using various assessment strategies. The findings revealed that the SSF approach is a sustainable and environmentally friendly analytical approach.
Journals
2025 EN
Al kamaly Omkulthom · Magdy Galal · ElMaghrabey Mahmoud
+7 more
ABSTRACT In the current study, the triazole antifungal terconazole (TRZ) was determined using a novel, extremely sensitive, and environmentally friendly spectrofluorimetric approach. A methanolic solution of TRZ exhibited strong native fluorescence at 373 nm when excited at 241 nm. With a correlation coefficient of 0.9999, a straight‐lined calibration curve was produced over the concentration range of 5.0–600.0 ng/mL. With quantification and detection limits of 4.64 and 1.53 ng/mL, respectively, the developed approach showed ultrasensitivity reaching the nanogram scale. Due to its great sensitivity, the method could successfully estimate TRZ in human plasma samples with low %RSD values and high recoveries (98.31–101.66). The method was also effectively used to analyze the TRZ in its vaginal suppositories and creams without interference from existing excipients. With satisfactory results, the method's applicability was expanded to the analysis of TRZ in environmental water samples. Two distinct green metrics, AGSA and MoGAPI, were applied to validate the approach's greenness profile and eco‐friendliness. The method's applicability and economic feasibility were also verified using the BAGI tool. According to ICHQ2 (R2) criteria, the proposed approach underwent complete validation. This work introduced the first spectrofluorimetric method for TRZ analysis, enabling its usage in pharmacological, biological, and environmental monitoring.
Journals
2025 EN
Hassan Ruqia A. H. · Ibrahim Fuad T.
ABSTRACT In this work, nanostructured silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) thin films were deposited on glass substrates using a DC reactive magnetron sputtering technique. A gaseous mixture of argon and oxygen at different mixing ratios was used to synthesize SiO 2 nanoparticles. Following the extraction of the SiO 2 powder from the glass substrate, we analyzed it to study its structural, morphological, and optical characteristics. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) revealed a transition from amorphous to partially crystalline phases as the oxygen ratio increased, indicating enhanced crystallinity under oxygen‐rich conditions. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) showed that particle size decreased with higher oxygen content, suggesting improved oxidation and limited grain growth. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) indicated smoother surfaces at intermediate gas ratios, with the lowest RMS roughness observed at an Ar:O₂ ratio of 70:30. Optical absorbance measurements demonstrated that the film deposited at a 50:50 ratio exhibited the highest absorbance in the visible range (400–600 nm), making it promising for optoelectronic applications. The results confirm that the Ar:O₂ gas ratio plays a critical role in tuning the structural and optical properties of SiO₂ nanostructured thin films.
Journals
2025 EN
Shokeer Ahmed A. · Ibrahim Fawzia A. · Abdallah Nora A.
ABSTRACT This work represents a highly sensitive, low‐cost, and eco‐friendly method that relies on using onion and lemon juices, which are easily available materials. It depends on the synthesis of highly fluorescent carbon dots (λex/em 350.0–430.0 nm) using a one‐step microwave‐assisted carbonization method. Characterization of the formed carbon dots was performed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Zeta potential analysis, fluorescence spectroscopy UV–Visible spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The formed carbon dots appeared to be spherical in shape, with a 2.0‐ to 3.5‐nm average particle size. The synthesized carbon dots were used for the determination of tinidazole by static fluorescence quenching mechanism and inner filter effect. The quenching effect on the synthesized carbon dots' fluorescence signal was utilized for the determination of tinidazole in pure form in concentration samples (2.0–30 μM) with a %recovery of 99.86 ± 1.38 in pure form, 100.0 ± 1.67 in tablet and 99.56 ± 4.18 in urine. The validity of the method was assessed according to the recommendations of the International Conference on Harmonization. The greenness of the method was evaluated using different greenness assessment tools. The proposed probe is eco‐friendly due to using water as the only solvent in the absence of other organic solvents.
Journals
2025 EN
Selim Tharwat A. · Basher Nosiba S. · AlHazmi Nawal E.
+9 more
ABSTRACT This study investigated the biosynthesis of nanoparticles utilizing orange peel extract (OPE) to synthesize monometallic CuO and ZnO nanoparticles, in addition to bimetallic CuO–ZnO nanoparticles. A comparative examination was performed to assess their antibacterial and insecticidal properties. A range of characterization techniques was utilized to ascertain the shape, size, particle size distribution, crystallinity, surface charge, morphology, and optical properties of the biosynthesized CuO–ZnO nanoparticles. The bimetallic CuO–ZnO nanoparticles show markedly superior antibacterial activity relative to their monometallic equivalents. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for CuO–ZnO nanoparticles against pathogenic bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae , was (12.5 to 50 µg/mL). The insecticidal effect on Culex pipiens were evaluated. The LC 50 and LC 90 values for the bimetallic CuO–ZnO nanoparticles were significantly lower at (18.878, 66.447) µg/mL and (26.344, 82.458) µg/mL, respectively, demonstrating enhanced toxicity relative to both CuO and ZnO NPs. The biosynthesized bimetallic CuO–ZnO nanoparticles exhibited remarkable antibacterial and insecticidal characteristics, indicating their potential uses in medicinal and environmental domains.
Journals
2025 EN
Mondal Md. Ibrahim H. · Ahmed Firoz · Rahman Md. Hasinur
ABSTRACT The development of multifunctional cotton fabrics that are stain‐resistant, antimicrobial, and easy to clean has sparked scientific interest as well as practical usefulness, owing to its medical and healthcare applications. The purpose of this study was to fabricate self‐cleaning and antimicrobial cotton for final use by soaking the cotton fabric in nonfluorinated hybrid formulations based on quaternary chitosan‐silane using the sol–gel process. The fluorine‐free cotton fabric demonstrated high self‐cleaning behavior and outstanding bacterial killing efficacy against E. coli and S. aureus bacteria, without altering the desired textile properties of cotton fabric. Remarkably, cotton textiles using the hybrid formulations HTACC‐VTES (N‐(2‐hydroxy)propyl‐3‐trimethylammonium chitosan chloride‐vinyltriethoxy silane) and TMCC‐VTES (N, N, N‐trimethyl chitosan chloride–vinyltriethoxy silane) demonstrated promising water contact angles of 147° and 142° respectively, indicating a move toward superhydrophobicity. In FTIR spectra, both treated cotton textiles had an absorption peak at 1208 cm −1 (SiOC bending), indicating a stronger interaction between silane binding agents and the cotton substrate. The treated cotton fabric with desirable features retains its stability and endurance after 12 cycles of washing for antibacterial tests and 15 cycles for wettability tests. The manufactured cotton fabric has several potential applications, such as in personal hygiene items and medical applications.
Journals
2025 EN
AlQurahi Majid · Fleming Derek · Kim WonJun
+3 more
ABSTRACT Intraluminal infection of central venous catheters, used for long‐term treatment, can result in central line‐associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). These infections can be challenging to prevent and treat due to formation of biofilms within catheter lumens, which shield bacteria from the human immune response and conventional antimicrobial therapies. Preventing bacterial colonization of catheter hubs is a strategy to prevent CLABSI. To address this, we developed a nonantibiotic, animal‐ready electrochemical catheter hub (e‐catheter hub), operated by a wearable, battery‐powered micropotentiostat (MP), that internally generates tunable hypochlorous acid (HOCl) for preventing intraluminal infection. The design evaluated three different electrode materials—titanium, platinum, and gold—for HOCl generation and biocidal activity, using working and counter electrodes of the same materials and a silver/silver chloride‐plated wire as a quasi‐reference electrode. e‐catheter hubs operated by MPs at 1.5 V Ag/AgCl for 3 h generated HOCl, reducing Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC‐17978 below the detection limit (average reduction of 4.40 ± 0.05 log 10 CFU/mL). The efficacy of e‐catheter hubs operated by MPs in generating HOCl and achieving biocidal activity is comparable to that of a commercial potentiostat. This study represents the first step in developing a localized, nonantibiotic strategy to mitigate CLABSI risk.
Journals
2025 EN
Altalbawy Farag M. A. · Alalaq Iman Samir · Ibrahim Safaa Mohammed
+9 more
Abstract Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been globally recognized as an environmentally‐friendly chemical solvent used in many disciplines for various purposes. In this work, intelligent models are constructed based upon least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) and adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) methodologies optimized with either genetic algorithm (GA), coupled simulated annealing (CSA) or particle swarm optimization (PSO) to estimate PEG density in terms of PEG molecular weight, temperature, and pressure based upon data gathered from experimental works delineated in the published literature. Leverage method is performed on the acquired dataset to explore it in terms of outlier datapoints, and relevancy factor is used to perform sensitivity analysis. Graphical and statistical indexes are used to evaluate the authenticity of the developed models. The results show that nearly all intelligent models are accurate, with LSSVM‐CSA being the most accurate model, which outperforms the modified Tait equation as outlined by the calculated mean square error, average absolute relative error, and R‐squared values. In addition, the performed sensitivity analysis indicates that temperature is the most effective input variable with an indirect relationship. The developed intelligent models, particularly the LSSVM‐CSA model, are highly capable of predicting PEG density without needing experimental approaches that are known to be arduous and laborious.
Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA