Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation: Mission, Strategy, and Priorities

Since its founding more than 40 years ago by parents of children affected by type 1 diabetes, the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF) has been committed to finding a cure for all those individuals living with the disease (1). Today, JDRF acknowledges that this commitment will not likely be fulfilled in the near term. Although our ultimate goal—curing type 1 diabetes—remains unchanged, we are equally committed to better treating and preventing the disease. These goals aim to ensure that both children and adults living with type 1 diabetes remain healthy so that they can fully benefit from a cure when it becomes available. JDRF focuses on supporting the development and delivery of new therapies and devices that will ease the daily burden and challenges of managing type 1 diabetes and on the prevention of diabetes complications. Additionally, to protect future generations from developing type 1 diabetes, JDRF is supporting approaches to prevent the disease. Thus, JDRF is striving to cure, treat, and prevent type 1 diabetes.To this end, JDRF-led research is addressing and will continue to address type 1 diabetes at every life stage. Our goals now encompass stopping or slowing the progression of type 1 diabetes in individuals who are newly diagnosed, reversing it in those who have lived with the disease for years, preventing the disease in people at risk today and in future generations, and improving type 1 diabetes treatment by providing better tools to achieve optimal glucose control for people at all stages of the disease.The field of type 1 diabetes research has progressed impressively over the past 4 decades, in part because of JDRF funding. Although historically we have been identified as a funding organization focused exclusively on exploratory and basic research in academia, over the last 5 years our role has broadened …

Changing of the Guards

Starting with the January 2012 issue, a new team takes the reins of Diabetes . A question that many people have asked is whether the new leadership will change Diabetes . My answer would be, of course, that change is necessary to respond to new challenges arising from the continual transformation of technology and science. Such changes have been continuously transforming Diabetes since its inception in 1952 under the editorship of Dr. Frank N. Allan (of Boston, Massachusetts) and the 11 editors that have succeeded him. This evolution will continue under our stewardship, though the core principles and mission of the journal will remain unchanged.The overriding mission of Diabetes is to publish the most original and important scientific works of relevance to diabetes and related disorders. The majority of the early editions of Diabetes published articles relevant to clinical problems. Gradually the journal began expanding toward more laboratory-based mechanistic studies. Diabetes will continue to publish both human and animal studies that advance our understanding about the pathophysiology of diabetes and its complications. Our ultimate goal—to prevent and cure diabetes—lies ahead. Continuing toward this goal, our aim is to serve the immediate need of reporting research that contributes to improving the quality of the lives of people suffering from diabetes. Most of the mechanistic experiments published in Diabetes are performed in animals or in vitro models. These are the cornerstones of medical discovery. Before applications in humans can occur, basic experimentation lights the way, as exemplified by Dr. Frederick Banting and Charles Best, who performed their landmark experiments in dogs before applying their findings to treat type 1 diabetic individuals with insulin. Although there are many obvious limitations in performing human studies, we also believe that novel observations in humans are critically important to stimulating basic science research in animals …

Diabetes Management at Camps for Children With Diabetes

S ince Leonard F.C. Wendt, MD, opened the doors of the first diabetes camp in Michigan in 1925, the concept of specialized residential and day camps for children with diabetes has become widespread throughout the U.S. and many other parts of the world. In 2011, approximately 30,000 children attended diabetes camps in North America and over 16,000 more campers participated in one of the 180 diabetes camps throughout the rest of the world. The mission of camps specialized for children and youth with diabetes is to facilitate a traditional camping experience in a medically safe environment. An equally important goal is to enable children with diabetes to meet and share their experiences with one another while they learn to be more responsible for their condition. For this to occur, a skilled medical and camping staff must be available to ensure optimal safety and an integrated camping/educational experience. The recommendations for diabetes management of children at a diabetes camp are not significantly different from what has been outlined by the American Diabetes Association (the Association) as the standards of care for people with type 1 diabetes (1) or for children with diabetes in the school or day care setting (2). In general, the diabetes camping experience is short term and is most often associated with increased physical activity and more controlled access to food relative to that experienced at home. Thus, while away at camp, glycemic control goals are more related to avoiding blood glucose extremes than optimizing overall glycemic control (3,4).Themanagementprotocol aims tobalance insulin dosage with activity level and food intake so that blood glucose levels stay within a safe target range, especially with respect to the prevention and management of hypoglycemia (5). Each camper should have a standardized comprehensive health history form completed by his/her family and a health evaluation form (6) completed by the diabetes care provider that details the camper’s past medical history, immunization record, and diabetes regimen. The home insulin regimen should be recorded for each camper, including type(s) of insulin used, number and timing of insulin injections (if on shots), and insulin pump basal, bolus, and correction dose settings (if on an insulin pump). Records for insulin dosages and blood glucose values for the week immediately before camp should be provided as a baseline. Additional medical information, such as prior diabetes-related illnesses and hospitalizations, history of severe hypoglycemia, previous hemoglobin A1C levels, other medications, significant medical conditions, and psychological issues also should be available to camp personnel and reviewed with diligence by those responsible for the health and well-being of the individual camper. During camp, a record of the camper’s diabetes care progress should be documented daily. All blood glucose values and insulin dosages should be recorded in a format that allows for review and analysis to determine whether alterations in the diabetes regimen are required during the camp stay. A record of the degree of activity and food intakemay also be helpful in determining subsequent alterations in the diabetes regimen. It is imperative that the medical staff have advanced knowledge about the exercise schedule and the meal plan at camp so that they can make appropriate insulin dosage adjustments. Inadvertent schedule delays or schedule changes (such as for rainy weather) can have a significant impact on the risk of hypoglycemia as insulin dosing at the previous meal takes into account the planned activities. If a low-, moderate-, or high-level activity event is originally planned, a replacement activity with an equivalent activity level should be substituted when possible. To ensure safety and optimal diabetes management, blood glucose testing materials and treatment supplies for hypoglycemia should be readily available to campers at all times. Multiple blood glucose determinations should be made and recorded throughout each 24-h period: before meals; at bedtime; before, after, or during prolonged and strenuous activity; in the middle of the night, when indicated for prior hypoglycemia; after an insulin pump site change; and after extra doses of insulin. Use of a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) does not preclude the need to test finger-stick blood glucose. Because exercise may still impact blood glucose 12–18 h after completion, campers who have repeated lows during exercise may also need nocturnal testing. Campers with a bedtime blood glucose level,100 mg/dL and campers on an insulin pump with a blood glucose .240 mg/dL should have their blood glucose rechecked overnight. The intervention for campers with an overnight blood glucose level ,100 mg/dL should be determined based on their insulin regimen and risk for nocturnal hypoglycemia. Campers on insulin pumpswith a blood glucose .240 mg/dL should follow an established pump protocol for ketone testing and changing of the insulin pump site. Campers should be encouraged to check blood glucose levels at times other than the routine times if they have symptoms of hypo-/hyperglycemia or if they have other physical complaints. These recommendations imply that there is adequate staffing and that they have received training in blood glucose monitoring procedures as well as the indications and treatment protocols for hypo-/hyperglycemic events. Every attempt should be made to follow the home insulin regimen of each camper as closely as possible. If a camper’s c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c

Die Richtung der oekumenischen Mission und Theologische Basis fuer die Praxis

Green Fashion Design under the Concept of DIY

This paper analyzes the features of the application under the concept of DIY fashion design by the way of listing, The authors put forward the designer’s mission and the connotation of the application under the concept of DIY fashion design. The versatility of design thinking, do it yourself, the reuse of clothing and a multi-wear clothing in order to extend the connotation of green fashion design. The authors suggest to change human’s consumer psychology by establishing a healthy lifestyle.

MISI PROPETIK PENDIDIKAN ISLAM: MEMBENTUK KARAKTER MENUJU TRANSFORMASI SOSIAL MEMBANGUN PERADABAN

The high civilization will be achieved  if  humans are able to transform themselves as the capital for social transformation, while the social transformation will occur if humans have a strong character and personality to deal with the dynamics of the times. The prophetic mission of Islamic education is to educate people to have a noble character or prophetic consciousness, that is the awareness to build an advanced and civilized life, upholding the universal human principles based on the pure and strong theological ethics, and developing science and technology which ensures the continuity of human civilization. Kata Kunci: karakter, transformasi sosial, kemajuan dan peradaban

Self-help group programme evaluation : commissioned by mission East / Samuel Hall.

"Election observation mission to Afghanistan parliamentary elections 2010 : final report. Bethesda [Maryland] : Democracy International, 2011. "

Occupational risk assessment of oxidative stress and genotoxicity in workers exposed to paints during a working week

Paints are complex mixtures of solvents and metals that can induce health damages in workers exposed to them. The aim of the present work was to evaluate possible oxidative and genotoxic effects in workers exposed to paints.

Codes of Ethics and Codes of Conduct for Using ICT in Education

Codes of conduct (and ethical codes) are a way of ensuring that positive impact in the community prevails. Higher education environments that have standardized ICT management show higher quality of performance if compared to those who have not. Also characteristic for these environments is their strong willingness for change. A university is a place of scientific communication and, thus, ICT and especially the Internet represent access to a new development phase to which the best universities are strongly dedicated. In this way, also ethics returns to the core of the mission undertaken by higher education institutions. Many countries around the world are adopting National Educational Technology Standards (NETS), which have been developed and are continuously updated within the ISTE Association and at the same time represent a code of conduct for students, teachers, administrators and all others involved in high-quality study. These standards must be supported with code of ethics, because they depend on considerations of important moral values.Kodeksi ravnanja in etični kodeksi so način zagotavljanja prevlade pozitivnih vplivov v skupnosti. Visokošolska okolja, ki so standardizirala ravnanja z IKT, izkazujejo višjo kakovost delovanja od tistih, ki tega niso storila. Značilna je tudi njihova večja pripravljenost za spremembe. Univerza je prostor znanstvene komunikacije, zato ji IKT in še posebej internet predstavlja vstop v novo razvojno fazo in temu se najboljše univerze močno posvečajo. S tem se tudi etika vrača v jedro poslanstva visokošolskih institucij. Številne države po svetu sprejemajo standarde uporabe izobraževalne tehnologije (NETS), ki so nastali in se stalno dopolnjujejo v okviru združenja ISTE in predstavljajo kodeks ravnanja študentov, učiteljev, administratorjev in drugih nosilcev kakovostnega študija. Omenjeni standardi morajo biti podprti tudi z etičnimi kodeksi, ker so odvisni od spoštovanja pomembnih moralnih vrednot