Journals
2025 EN
Ibrahim Shaimaa S. · Abdallah Hend
ABSTRACT The current research investigates a new therapeutic strategy for the management of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). For this purpose, we developed mixed polymeric micelles (MPM) encapsulating a natural phytotherapeutic drug, vanillic acid (VA), for intra‐articular (IA) delivery. The developed systems were characterized by their particle size profile, zeta potential, morphology, physical stability, and in vitro drug release. Cremophor was found to be an essential component for the production of MPM with optimum particle size profile, as well as maintaining an F127/Cremophor/TPGS weight ratio of 3:2:1. Coating the optimized formulation with hyaluronic acid (HA) provided a dual benefit of sustaining VA release and providing synergistic anti‐osteoarthritic activity in an monosodiumiodoacetate‐induced KOA model in rats. The proposed HA‐coated MPM system encapsulating VA provides a promising strategy for the inhibition of KOA progression.
Journals
2025 EN
Islam Md Rezaul · Ajaj Rahaf · Rauf Abdur
+5 more
ABSTRACT The natural polyphenol resveratrol, found in several plants, has garnered significant interest due to its beneficial effects on health and for its potential anticancer properties. Studies have demonstrated that it can alter various signaling pathways linked to cancer development and that it inhibits tumor development and spread by exerting several antiproliferative, proapoptotic, anti‐inflammatory, and antiangiogenic mechanisms. Its role in regulating oxidative stress and epigenetic modifications further enhances its therapeutic potential. Nevertheless, despite promising preclinical results, clinical translation is to some extent limited by bioavailability, metabolism, and dosage. This updated review explores the mechanisms, also from a structural point of view, behind the anticancer properties of resveratrol, focusing on its impact on crucial signaling networks in different cancer models. Additionally, it overviews the current limitations of resveratrol‐based treatments and suggests potential improvements through innovative delivery methods, drug combination approaches, and development of new derivatives. This review was conceived as an update with respect to contributions already present in the literature, thus particular attention has been dedicated to the contribution reported in the literature within the last 5 years and to these studies reporting in vivo data.
Journals
2025 EN
Zubarioglu Tanyel · Ulgen Dilara · AkcaYesil Sedanur
+7 more
Abstract Congenital sucrase‐isomaltase deficiency (CSID) is an inherited metabolic disorder causing chronic gastrointestinal symptoms and malnutrition when untreated. Most CSID patients are likely to remain under‐ or misdiagnosed. This study aimed to investigate prevalence of CSID among patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presenting with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms via prospective SI gene sequencing. A prospective cross‐sectional study was conducted on 98 ASD patients exhibiting gastrointestinal symptoms consistent with IBS. Participants were assessed according to Rome IV criteria and underwent SI gene sequencing. Demographic, clinical, and dietary data were collected and analyzed. Sucrose content in various fruits and vegetables was evaluated using three‐day food record, and gastrointestinal symptoms were rated on Likert scale. Seven patients (7%) were diagnosed with CSID based on SI gene analysis, revealing six different variants, including four novel mutations. One patient was homozygous for one variant, and six patients were heterozygous. Clinical presentations predominantly included diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloating, with two patients showing growth retardation. One patient was diagnosed in adulthood. Food allergy and lactose intolerance were the misdiagnoses prior to CSID diagnosis in two patients. Real prevalence of CSID is likely underestimated. Clinical heterogeneity and non‐specific symptoms contribute to diagnostic challenges. Gastrointestinal symptoms consistent with IBS in ASD patients should include CSID in differential diagnosis. Early genetic screening for SI variants in ASD patients with IBS symptoms can facilitate timely diagnosis and management, improving outcomes. Heterozygous variants of the SI gene should also be considered, as heterozygous patients can exhibit typical CSID symptoms.
Journals
2025 EN
Kuyucu Ayca Zeybek · Sayili Dogu · Orkut Ridvan
+8 more
Abstract Checkpoint inhibitors are widely recognized immunotherapeutic drugs, known for their effectiveness in treating various cancers. Atezolizumab, targeting the immune checkpoint programmed death‐ligand 1, is successfully used to treat several types of cancers. Atezolizumab is a potential biosimilar candidate due to its huge success in the clinic but there is no literature on its production process in mammalian cells. In this study, we generated a monoclonal cell line derived from recombinant Chinese hamster ovary DG44 cells to produce atezolizumab. The selected single clone was employed for media screening and process development. Following production in a 7‐L bioreactor, atezolizumab was purified using a three‐step chromatographic method. Finally, the purified atezolizumab was characterized and compared with commercial atezolizumab (Tecentriq) through several chromatographic and kinetics analyses.
Journals
2025 EN
Nascimento Nunes Barbara · Ibrahim Masooma · Zhang Ruizhuo
+4 more
Abstract Advanced coatings for improving the electro‐chemo‐mechanical stability of high‐capacity, layered Ni‐rich oxide cathode materials play an important role in modern battery technology. Vanadium‐based protective coatings are particularly promising owing to their ability to provide high ionic conductivity and their intrinsic robustness. In addition, diminishing or eliminating residual lithium through surface coating shows great promise in mitigating capacity loss and addressing associated challenges. Herein, we report on a strategic exploration of a facile coating approach for Ni‐rich LiNi x Co y Mn 1− x − y O 2 (NCM851005, 85 % Ni content) utilizing polyoxovanadate. Specifically, TBA 3 H 3 [V 10 O 28 ] was applied due to its solubility in non‐aqueous media, avoiding H 2 O‐induced side reactions and achieving a more uniform surface coverage. The cycling performance of NCM851005 before and after modification was tested in conventional Li‐ion cells, as well as in all‐solid‐state batteries with a lithium thiophosphate superionic electrolyte. Our findings highlight the potential of polyoxovanadate‐derived protective coatings for improving the cyclability of Ni‐rich cathodes.
Journals
2025 EN
Zhang Jing · Zhao Yi · Liu Jing
+8 more
Conventional supercapacitors have encountered application bottlenecks due to their poor flexibility. In this context, a flexible polyurethane (PU)/MXene electrode is constructed by directly depositing MXene on PU substrate that is prepared by solvent casting method. In contrast to the pure MXene film, the elongation at break of the PU film prepared with a mass fraction of 9% reaches up to 435%, 94 times higher than that of the pure MXene film. At an optimum loading amount of 1.6 mg·cm −2 , PU/MXene film delivers a high mass‐specific capacitance of 276 F·g −1 , 1.57 times that of 175 F·g −1 for pure MXene, at a current density of 1‐A·g −1 under the three‐electrode system. In the two‐electrode system with polyvinyl alcohol/sulfuric acid as the gel electrolyte, the PU/MXene//PU/MXene‐based symmetrical supercapacitor exhibits a high mass‐specific capacitance of 123.2 F·g −1 at 0.5 A·g −1 , with a power density of 630.8‐W·kg −1 , corresponding to an energy density of 4.8 Wh·kg −1 . The device still maintains 80.2% of the initial capacitance after 5000 cycles. In addition, there is no remarkable decrease in the electrochemical performance after repeated bending at different angles. This study provides a promising strategy for the facile preparation of high‐performance flexible supercapacitors.
Journals
2025 EN
Sultan Mark I. · Yamazaki Satoshi · Ibrahim Shady A.
+6 more
Abstract Objectives Twenty‐four‐hour urine collections are obtained as part of the metabolic workup for nephrolithiasis to identify modifiable abnormalities for stone prevention. We sought to discern trends in the prevalence of abnormalities based on body mass index (BMI) (kg/m 2 ). Material and Methods All unique Litholink™ 24‐Hour Urine outcomes for nephrolithiasis prior to medical or dietary therapy obtained at our institution between 2004 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with anthropometric data were classified according to body mass index (BMI) as underweight (<18.5), normal (18.5–25), overweight 25‐30 and obese (>30). Litholink™ 24‐Hour Urine gender specific reference ranges were used to define abnormalities. Results A total of 1372 patients were included. The mean age was 56± $$ \pm $$ 15.3 (53.5% male, 46.5% female). Cumulatively, 30.7% (421/1372) were obese, 32.9% (452/1372) overweight, 33.4% (458/1372) normal and 3.0% (41/1372) underweight. Overall, elevated urine sodium was the most common metabolic abnormality (52.8%). In obese stone formers, hypercalciuria (p = 0.027), hyperoxaluria (p < 0.001), elevated urine sodium (p < 0.001), hyperuricosuria (p < 0.001) low urine pH (p < 0.001) and high uric acid supersaturation (p < 0.001) were more likely compared to normal BMI stone formers. Underweight patients demonstrated greater likelihood of oliguria (p = 0.001), without adjustment for weight, and hypocitraturia (p = 0.001) compared to normal BMI stone formers. Conclusions Body weight differences are associated with different risk profiles on 24‐hour urine collection. Obese, and to a letter degree, underweight patients are more likely to harbour metabolic derangements on a 24‐hour urine analysis compared to patients with normal BMI, thus underscoring the importance of directed medical therapy for stone formers.
Journals
2025 EN
Evans Andrew · Ibrahim Ibrahim · Miller Thomas
+3 more
Abstract Objectives The study aims to review the safety of performing robotic‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in patients with a body mass index (BMI) > 35 kg/m 2 in a high‐volume robotic centre. Materials and methods A prospective database of all patients who underwent RARP between December 2015 and October 2024 was reviewed. Propensity score matching was done preoperatively on age, prostate‐specific antigen, ISUP grade and T stage. Matched cohort analysis was conducted comparing outcomes in 89 patients with BMI ≥ 35 kg/m 2 and those with BMI 18–25 kg/m 2 . Outcomes included operational time, estimated blood loss (EBL), positive surgical margins (PSM), complications, length of stay, continence and erectile function at 12 months. Results Console time was significantly longer in the high‐BMI group (146 ± 48 min vs. 129 ± 44 min, p = 0.02). EBL was also greater (median 350 ml vs. 200 ml, p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in hospital stay (median 3 days for both groups, p = 0.86), nerve sparing rates or PSM. Patients in the obese cohort experienced more complications although this was not statistically significant. At 12 months post‐operatively, continence was comparable between the groups. Median pad use was 1/day (interquartile range [IQR] 0–2) in the obese cohort versus 0/day (IQR 0–1) in the non‐obese cohort ( p = 0.09). Pad‐free status was achieved in 48.3% compared with 61.8% respectively ( p = 0.06). Erectile function recovery found 14.8% regaining function in the obese cohort compared with 18.0% in the non‐obese cohort ( p = 0.82). Conclusion This matched cohort analysis demonstrates that obese patients undergoing RARP experience longer operative times and increased EBL. These factors do not adversely impact functional or oncological outcomes. The incidence of post‐operative complications remained low and comparable with patients with a normal BMI. With appropriate surgical expertise, high BMI alone should not be considered a contraindication to RARP.
Journals
2025 EN
Kasapoğlu Tankutay Hülya · Çolak İbrahim
Abstract Over the past decade, teacher autonomy has become increasingly significant due to its positive impact on educational outcomes. The study explores the mediating role of teachers' academic optimism in the relationship between school principals' empowering leadership and teacher autonomy. In this study, we proposed teachers' academic optimism as a mediator in the relationship between empowering leadership and teacher autonomy. Data obtained from a sample of 384 teachers in Türkiye were analysed according to structural equation modelling. The results showed that school principals' empowering leadership positively and directly predicted both teachers' autonomy and their academic optimism. The results also indicated that teachers' academic optimism positively and directly predicted teacher autonomy. In addition, academic optimism was found to significantly mediate the relationship between empowering leadership and teacher autonomy. The findings highlight the importance of empowering teachers and strengthening their academic optimism as a means to enhancing their independent actions and decision‐making capabilities. Our findings provide practical recommendations for developing principals' empowering leadership behaviours and in the enhancement of their academic optimism.
Journals
2025 EN
Alharbi Haifa · Alsharief Hatun H. · Alrefaei Abdulmajeed F.
+5 more
ABSTRACT Four benzothiazole‐thiazolidine‐4‐one derivatives 6 and 7a–c were prepared, and their chemical constructions were proved by IR, NMR, UV–Vis absorption, and emission spectra. The absorption spectra of the synthesized derivatives showed that extending the conjugated system through the insertion of a substituted benzylidene group led to a red shift of λ max , where the nitro derivative 7c displayed the longer wavelength. Likewise, the emission spectra presented the same effect, where the Stock shift displayed a reversed order in which the parent 6 has the highest value. The synthesized derivatives exhibited cytotoxic effectiveness against several tumor cell lines, where compound 7b displayed significant cytotoxicity towards MCF‐7 cells (IC 50 = 8.73 ± 0.41 μM). The in vitro VEGFR‐2 kinase inhibitory activity of synthetic benzothiazole‐thiazolidin‐4‐one derivatives has been assessed, where derivative 7c had the strongest inhibition (IC 50 = 0.20 ± 0.10 μM), followed by derivatives 7b and 7a , respectively. However, the molecular docking showed that derivatives 7b and 7c have higher binding affinity than Sorafenib due to unique molecular interactions with target residues. Moreover, the pharmacokinetic parameters of the newly synthesized derivatives showed that derivative 7b revealed moderate lipophilicity and a lack of Lipinski violations, making it a viable lead contender.