The current research study aims to reflect some of the operating modes of theRomanian healthcare system, which seem to have remained unchanged in the last 30 years. Ageneral background of the medical system will bring into play principles such as: societyresponsibility for the public health, multidisciplinary approach, decentralization of the publichealth system or an integrated informational and computerized system for the public heathmanagement. Two important dimensions we considered to be the most relevant have beenhighlighted in our paper, namely, the patients‘ rights and obligations and accessibility to medicalservices, as well.
In this current study our aim was to analyze the marketing tactics, namely thestrategic planning, market segmentation, correlation between the marketing activities and thefirms‘ performances, as well. In this context, we intended to examine both the marketing practicesand the associations between practices and performance. The marketing policy implies all themain aspects of the processes concerning the supply, dispatch, research-development andsupervision of products consumption behavior. Its realization is being done by the marketingstrategy.
Stroke is one of the leading factors of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Toreduce the incidences of stroke, it is essential to identify and modify the risk factors for stroke.Risk factors can be modifiable and non modifiable. The aim of study was to ascertain theoutcome of stroke patient admitted in all Medical Wards in Liaquat University Hospital HyderabadObjective: To see the mortality, morbidity, disability and co-infection in stroke patients. StudyDesign: Prospective study. Period: One year. Setting: Medical Wards of Liaquat UniversityHospital Hyderabad / Jamshoro. Material and Methods: 200 Patients were enrolled in ourstudy to see the excepted outcome like mortality, Disability, Bed Sores, UTI & Pneumonia andDehydration in Stroke patients. All the patients were Young Adults, greater than 12 years inage and old aged patients, with Ischemic & Hemorrhagic stroke. On categorical variable suchas sex, mortality, morbidity chi-square test was applied at 95% confidence interval and the P-value ≤0.05 was considered as statically significant while the mean ±SD will be calculated forquantitative variables. Results: Mean age of the patient in our study was 57.03 years with thestandard deviation of ±7.35 years. Gender distribution shows most of the patients in our studywere male, i.e. 75% while, only 25% of the patients were female. Ischemic Stroke was foundin 126(63%) patients while, hemorrhagic stroke was found in 74(37%) patients. Regardingoutcome, mortality was found in 5% patients, disability 2%, UTI 2%, pneumonia 15%, Coinfection4%, Bed Sores 21.5% and dehydration was present in 50.5% patients. Conclusion:The study concludes that maximum patients had Ischemic Stroke. Among these patientsdehydration was the most common entity followed by bed Sores, pneumonia, mortality, Coinfection,disability and UTI.
Objectives: To identify sleep patterns of medical students and determinethe relationship between sleep habits and academic performance. Background: Humanbeings adopt three different sleeping patterns; monophasic, biphasic and polyphasic. Sleepallows synaptic molding to return by developing faster memory union. When such memoryprocessing is not present, memory keeping is reduced which can have an adverse effecton the academic performance of students. Professional education in the field of medicinerequires learning a greater amount and variety of syllabi to practice as a satisfactory medicalgraduate. Among medical students, the burden of the extensive curriculum often results inthe development of non-recuperative sleeping patterns, which can, in turn, affect their overallacademic performance. This study strives to deduce the sleeping patterns of students and theconnection between those sleeping patterns and academic performance. Study Design: Across-sectional questionnaire based survey. Setting: Jinnah Medical & Dental College, Karachi.Period: 2013. Methods: Sleep patterns of 347 medical students from year 1 -4. The resultsof the midterm examinations were cross-tabulated with the sleep patterns to determine therelationship between them. Results: Our study showed that out of 347 medical students, 38.9%(n=135) had monophasic, 46.7% (n=162) had biphasic and 14.4% (n=50) had a polyphasicsleep pattern. 67.4% of monophasics, 87.0% of biphasics and 66.0% of polyphasics passedtheir midterm examination. Conclusion: Biphasic students performed the best in their midtermexaminations. This is in agreement with scientific proof that sleeping in two phases matchesthe body’s instinctive circadian rhythm, hormonal regulation and memory creation. These twophases are sleeping once at night and having one shorter period during the day. Professionalcolleges should advise and educate students in order to encourage them to acquire adequatesleep through appropriate sleeping patterns by which they may support their academic learning.
The paper aims to build a ground for thinking about museums’ role in society and the development of the twenty-first century learner. The first and second parts of the paper focus on the influences technological evolution and current global challenges have brought to our lives, and the consequent requirementsfor ‘new’ learning and skills. The third part examines how different elements of new pedagogies and approaches could reinforce the twenty-first century learner and could, moreover, inspire museums. The final part of the paper focuses on the specific contribution that museums could make by integrating their unique identity and approach with elements from the new pedagogies.
In 1992 El Salvador ended a 12-year civil war infamous in part for the high level of state violence against innocent civilians. A United Nations Truth Commission report, which detailed these and other excesses, recommended that state and society commemorate the war and its violence to advance the establishment of a more just nation. The postwar government did construct an impressive new National Museum of Anthropology to actively promote national culture, history, and identity. However, this important museum remains silent about the civil war. In contrast, new public—though not official - museums and monuments are finally bringing attention to the civil war and past state violence. This paper explores the social memory work of non-official museums, arguing that by combating silence and forgetting, their truth-telling aims to shape ideas about the nation and improve state-society dynamics.