Some restriction and complications, such as progression of kyphosis, incidence of axial neck pain and decrease of postoperative cervical range of motion are concern. We designed this retrospective clinical study to evaluate the effect of laminoplasty by preserving the muscle attachments of C2 and C7 spinous processes on range of motion (ROM), axial neck pain and cervical lordosis.
To investigate the effects of systemic application of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a compression model of peripheral nerve injury.24 male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups (n=8):Control (C),injury (I),and stem cell and injury (SI).The sciatic nerve of rats in the I and SI groups was subjected to clip compression for 5 minutes.Moreover,approximately 5x105 bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were given via tail vein of the rats in the SI group immediately after clip compression. The nerve conduction velocities and amplitudes of the rats were measured 30 days later.Then,the sciatic nerves were removed, and myelin damage grading and axon counting were performed.The data were analyzed by One-Way ANOVA and Tukey\'s post-hoc test.P values less than 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.While the proximal,distal and mean latency values were higher in the I and SI groups than in the control group,the same measurements were lower in the SI group than in the I group.While the nerve conduction velocity,the compound action potential and the number of axons were lower in the I and SI groups than in the control group,the same measurements were higher in the SI group than in the I group.Moreover,myelin damage was found to be lower in the SI group than in the I group.It has been shown that systemic application of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a compression model of peripheral nerve injury has a positive impact on both myelin sheath and axon survival.
The demand for emergency department (ED) services is increasing worldwide (1). An approximately 4.6% annual increase in ED presentations was determined in Western Australia in 2007-2013 (2). An approximately 11% increase in ED presentations was recorded in England between 2008-2009 and 2012–2013 (3). This increased demand for ED services is a result of the interaction of features associated with countries’ health systems, sociodemographic structures, and health needs (4, 5).
Objective: The objective of the present study was to describe the phenotypic features of Turner syndrome (TS) and to investigate the relationship between the genotype and the phenotype. Materials and Methods: We studied 26 female patients who were enrolled between 2006 and 2015. Physical features, clinical history, laboratory findings, and imaging test results were recorded. Chromosomal analysis was performed on peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures of the patients. Results: The mean age of the study population was 10.4±5.6 years (range, 1 day to 17 years). Three patients were diagnosed in the neonatal period. Although the most common phenotypic feature was short stature (92.3%), the characteristic stigmatas were usually seen in the 45, X karyotype. Among the 26 patients, monosomy 45, X was detected in 7 (26.9%) of them. Eleven percent of our patients had 46,X,i(X) (isochromosome Xq), while the rest demonstrated mosaic karyotypes [45,X/46,XY (19.2%); 45,X/46,XX (11.5%); 45,X/46,X,i(X) (11.5%); 45,X/46,XX,r(X) (7.7%); 45,X/46,X,i(Y) (3.8%); 45,X/47,XXX (3.8%); and 45,X/46,XX del(Xp) (3.8%)]. Conclusion: TS is one of the most common sex chromosome abnormalities, but it is frequently underdiagnosed. The frequency of the monosomy 45, X karyotype in TS is less than previously thought. Therefore, patients should be evaluated by chromosome analysis in case there is clinical suspicion.