Relationship Between Prenatal and Perinatal Factors with the Incidence of Mental Retardation Among Children in Padang City 2017

Mental retardation is a condition of intellectual function that is below the average before the age of 18 years. Almost 83 million people around the world are estimated to have mental retardation. With 41 million have long term mental disability. Although the main cause of mental retardation is still fully unknown, prenatal and perinatal factors are suspected to be the risk factors for this. This study aims to determine the relationship between prenatal and perinatal factors with the incidence of mental retardation among children in Padang City. This was an observational analytic study with case control design. Population of this study divided into two, the case population ( all mothers of  mentally retarded child) and control population (all mothers of normal children). The sample was 49 people taken by cluster sampling with the comparison case : control (1:1). Data collected by questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using Chi Square. The result of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between prenatal and perinatal factors such as maternal age (OR=8.4; 95% CI 2.8-24.9; P=<0.001), father’s age (OR=2.4; 95% CI 1.1-5.6; P=<0.043), parity (OR=4.01; 95% CI 1.7-9.4; P=<0.002), asphyxia (OR=23.2; 95% CI 2.9-184.1; P=<0.001) and birth weight (OR=9.3; 95% CI 1.1-78.04; P=<0.031) with the incidence of mental retardation. Factors which does not have a significant relationship in this study are hypertension in pregnancy (P=0.617), prematurity (P=0.111) and type of labor (P=0.132). Parents < 20 years old or ≥35 years old and having parity ≥3 would be more at risk to have mentally retarded child. New born with asphyxia and born weight < 2500 grams are also at risk for mental retardationTherefore it is advisable forpeople to avoid the risk of pregnancy by age and medical attention during pregnancy to avoid the occurrence of low birth weight and asphyxia at birth.

Evre I larinks kanseri tedavisinde 3 ve 5 Alan Yoğunluk Ayarlı Radyoterapi (3A-YART, 5A-YART) tekniklerinde karotis arterin dozimetrik olarak karşılaştırılması

The effects of kefir on the renal functions of rats with experimental diabetes mellitus

Can Big Data Analysis Make Cities Smarter? Emerging Issues and Stakeholder Implicationsin Smart Mobility

This study deals with the challenges and bottlenecks with respect to the concept of smart cities which has largely been constructed on knowledge utilization issues and challenges. Despite the abundant existent literature in this field, the effective transformation of data into knowledge which can become a source of competitive advantage is still an ongoing debate, especially due to contemporary developments in big data analysis methods, approaches and strategies. As an emerging problem, the derivation of significant meaning from big data is among popular academic research fields, as well as being a crucial industrial and policy making engagement regarding value creating mechanisms in smart cities. Therefore in this study, limitations and challenges in translating big data into valuable knowledge in academia and industries are considered within the concept of smart mobility. In an attempt to propose researchers, business firms and governmental entities a collaborative approach, a perception about emerging issues is presented for clarifying some future constructs intersecting in relevant research and applied fields.

A functionwise analysis of the cruise ports in Turkey: The case of Kusadasi

YER DEMİR GÖK BAKIR VE ÖLMEZ OTU ROMANLARINDAKİ MİTİK ÖGELERİ KAHRAMANIN YOLCUL

Kadim kulturlerin anlatilari olarak adlandirilan, sosyal ve kulturel dokularin izlerini tasiyan, insanliga ait deneyimlerle ilintili olan ve kolektif bilincdisinda varligini surdurmeleriyle dikkat ceken mitler, modern donemde sanat yapitlarinda yapi ogesi, kurgu ogesi, estetik oge ve simge olarak yer alabilmektedir. Turk yazininin dikkat ceken yazarlarindan olan Yasar Kemal de yapitlarinda mitik ogelerden yararlanmistir. Dagin Ote Yuzu uclemesindeki Yer Demir Gok Bakir adli romaninda, mitik bilincin mit uretim surecini gozler onune sererek kurtarici uman halkin kolektif bilincdisinda bulunan arketiplerle kahraman olusturmasini konu edinirken Olmez Otu romaninda mit yikimini ve buna neden olan etmenleri ortaya koymaktadir. Bu makalede, sozu edilen romanlar Joseph Campbell'in Kahramanin Sonsuz Yolculugu adli yapitinda kahraman mitosu icin belirledigi asamalara uygun olarak ve mit yikim surecini de kapsayacak bicimde incelenmistir.

Yeni Bir Neşri Vesilesiyle Ebû Şekûr es-Sâlimî’nin et-Temhîd’ine Dair Notlar

Solitary fibrous tumors, should they always considered to be benign gigantic masses?

Background: Solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) are rare seen tumors assessed to be originated from pleura. Even though they are benign, after their complete resections malignant recurrences might be seen in follow up period. In this study, based on our case series undergone complete surgical resection due to SFT, we looked for an answer whether if it is convenient to accept these tumors as benign or not. Materials and Methods: Patients undergone surgery between January 2000 and January 2011 were included in this study. Follow up data, patients and tumor histopathological characteristics were analysed. Results: Our series consisted of 14 cases (eight male, six female) with a mean age of 49.5 ± 15.3 (15-70 years). All patients’ undergone thoracotomy, and complete resection was performed. The mean followup was 50.3 ± 30.6 months (between 9 -101 months). Two recurrences were detected and both patients died due to recurrent disease. Conclusions: Though they are considered to be benign lesions, SFT have a potential to come along with malignant recurrences. Recurrences were observed in giant tumors and this makes us think if it is possible to overlook a malignant focus in histopathological observation in such kind of big tumors. In this sense, patients should be informed in this regard and a complete and wide resection should be performed as much as possible with a long time follow up period as malignant diseases.

Management of chest wall tumors: a single-center experience

Background: Primary chest wall tumors (PCWT) constitute 5% of all thoracic tumors. The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency, diagnosis and treatment methods of PCWT in a single-center. Materials and Methods: All patients operated between January 2013 and July 2015 in a single center were retrospectively analyzed and patients having chest wall tumors were included in this study. Results: Among 1073 operations performed during the same period of time, twenty-five patients with primary chest wall tumors were included in this study; 17 were women (68%) and the mean age was 47.6 ± 16.1. The most common symptom was pain (68%). Twenty-four of the lesions were totally excised and reconstructive interventions were added if necessary. Definitive diagnosis was as follows; elastofibroma dorsi in 10 patients (40%), fibrous dysplasia in 3 (12%), and some other rare tumors in the remaining. Twenty-two (88%) of the lesions were benign. Conclusions: It is observed that the frequency of chest wall tumors is not so high, and most of the lesions are benign which can be resected completely.

Intralobar sequestration: left lower lobectomy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

Pulmonary sequestration is a congenital anomaly which receives its blood supply from systemic circulation It has no connection with normal tracheobronchial system, and located in a pulmonary lobe. These lesions should be treated promptly by surgery. Minimally invasive techniques may be preferred for resection. In the 32-year-old female patient, a lobulated, well-circumscribed mass lesion with a diameter of approximately 4 cm was detected on the posterior basilar segment of the left lower lobe. Besides, an aberrant artery which originated from the thoracic aorta and feeding the lesion was found. It was preoperatively observed that the arterial supply of the lesion was approximately 2 cm in diameter, originating from thoracic descending aorta. Venous drainage was through the pulmonary vein. Since intraoperative findings proved intrapulmonary sequestration to be necessary, left lower lobectomy was performed by VATS. The final pathology result was also reported as intralobar sequestration. This case is presented due to its rare occurrence and the use of minimally invasive techniques.