Journals
2026 EN
Farina Lucia · Noto Alessandro · Aiello Antonella
+10 more
ABSTRACT Measurable residual disease (MRD) status in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients treated with venetoclax is a predictive factor of outcome in clinical trials. This multicenter prospective study was aimed to show the feasibility of MRD assessment in the real‐life setting and to confirm the results of clinical trials. Forty‐four patients were enrolled: 43% had 17p deleted and/or TP53 mutated (del17p/TP53mut), 62% had complex karyotype, and 65% of patients were previously treated with B‐cell receptor inhibitor (BCRi). MRD was evaluated by 8‐color flow cytometry (FC) on peripheral blood (PB) every 3 months from therapy start and samples with 10 −4 CLL cells were considered as undetectable (uMRD). PB‐uMRD patients were evaluated on bone marrow (BM). In 23 patients venetoclax was combined with Rituximab (VR). Median follow‐up was 39.47 months (range 31.02–43.32). Median number of PB samples for each patients was 5 (IQR 4–7). Undetectable MRD on PB at any timepoint was obtained in 34/40 patients (85%): 82% in venetoclax monotherapy (Vmono) and 86.9% in VR group. Concordance of PB/BM samples was 92% at 24 months. No significant difference in uMRD rates was detected based on del17p/TP53mut and number of previous therapies. Three‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) for Vmono and VR was 53.5% and 55%. Median PFS in del17pl/TP53mut was 29.8 and 34 months in Vmono and VR respectively. Landmark analysis based on 9‐month MRD showed a trend towards a better PFS in uMRD patients. Median PFS was 21.7 and 13.04 months in 24‐month uMRD and detectable MRD patients after VR, respectively (log rank p = 0.0309). In conclusion, in these high‐risk relapsed/refractory CLL patients who were MRD‐monitored in the context of a real‐life study the results were similar compared to published data in more selected patients.
Journals
2026 EN
Lee Stephen · Lastella Michele · Vitiello Andrew
+1 more
ABSTRACT Objectives This scoping review aims to systematically explore the existing literature on golf‐related injuries in adolescent golfers aged 10–19 years, focusing on injury prevalence, management strategies, and the relationship between training volume and injury risk. Design A scoping review methodology was employed, adhering to PRISMA extension guidelines. A comprehensive search across multiple databases was conducted to identify relevant studies on injuries sustained by adolescent golfers. Method A systematic search was performed across nine databases, including CINAHL, COCHRANE, and PUBMED, utilizing keywords related to adolescence, injury, and golf. Articles were included if they reported on golf‐related injuries among participants aged 10–19 years. After screening, 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. Results Findings reveal a significant gap in the literature regarding injury profiles of adolescent golfers, with most studies conflating data with adult populations. The majority of studies addressing golf‐related injuries in adolescents focus on injuries not directly associated with the act of playing golf. Specific epidemiological data and tailored injury management strategies remain sparse. Additionally, no literature currently correlates training volume with injury risk in this demographic. Conclusions This review highlights the need for targeted research on the unique injury risks faced by adolescent golfers. Existing studies predominantly address injuries related to external factors rather than those arising from playing golf itself. Future investigations should prioritize delineating injury profiles of adolescent golfers to inform effective injury management and prevention strategies, ultimately enhancing safety and performance in this growing demographic.
Journals
2026 EN
Zotti Nunzio · Di Serafino Francesca · Carmisciano Luca
+8 more
ABSTRACT Background and Aims Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) have a relevant impact on public health in terms of prevalence and costs associated with the diseases. While the COVID‐19 pandemic highlighted the need to adopt accurate surveillance systems to face new emergencies, the aim of our work is to describe ARIs other then COVID‐19 and their impact on healthcare facilities. Methods This retrospective study used an ecological approach to connect emergency department records and laboratory test results from a University Hospital in Italy. A time‐series analysis has been performed to assess the association between weekly pathogen‐specific positivity counts and ARI‐related ED admissions. Results During the study period, 33,101 ED presentations for ARI were registered, resulting in 7426 hospital admissions. ARI cases and viral diagnoses showed a seasonal peak during the late weeks of the year and early weeks of the following one. A reduction in ED admissions has been found in 2020, while the average weekly rate was 30.8% in 2020, as compared with 21.7% in 2017–2019. Analysis by age group showed a peak of accesses in the last weeks of 2021 for the < 1 and 1–4 years old. Conclusions Data on ARI‐related admissions highlight seasonal trends and age‐related vulnerabilities, providing evidence to guide public health policies and support health system preparedness to respond to future epidemic waves.
Journals
2026 EN
Fernicola Agostino · Parmeggiani Domenico · Crocetto Felice
+6 more
ABSTRACT Esophageal perforation in Zollinger–Ellison syndrome (ZES) is an exceedingly rare and life‐threatening manifestation of gastrinoma‐related acid hypersecretion. While peptic ulceration and severe reflux are recognized complications of ZES, perforation represents the ultimate consequence of uncontrolled hyperacidity. Evidence remains confined to isolated case reports with no prior systematic synthesis. A scoping review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA‐ScR and the Joanna Briggs Institute framework. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed from database inception to September 2025. Eligible studies included any report describing esophageal perforation in confirmed or suspected ZES. Iatrogenic perforations were excluded. Data were extracted on patient demographics, clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, management strategies, and outcomes. S even eligible cases published between 2001 and 2025 were identified. Patients were aged 44–63 years (4 males, 3 females). The distal esophagus was affected in approximately 70% of cases, usually after chronic peptic injury; three patients (≈43%) presented with spontaneous Boerhaave‐type rupture. Computed tomography was diagnostic in all cases, and endoscopy was used in six. Surgical repair with mediastinal drainage or T‐tube repair was the mainstay of management, while conservative therapy failed. Endoscopic stenting achieved successful leak control in one patient, whereas overall survival across all cases was approximately 86%, with one death due to delayed diagnosis and sepsis. Esophageal perforation in ZES represents a predictable but preventable endpoint of chronic acid injury. Rapid imaging, decisive surgical or endoscopic repair, and definitive acid suppression are essential to survival. Awareness of this rare complication among surgeons and gastroenterologists may facilitate early recognition and improve outcomes.
Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Journals
2026 EN
Croce Michele G. · Barzaghi Leonardo · Paoletti Matteo
+21 more
ABSTRACT Early treatment in late‐onset Pompe disease (LOPD) increasingly depends on detecting subclinical muscle involvement. Quantitative muscle MRI (qMRI) has emerged as a promising tool in this context. We conducted a multicenter prospective study in LOPD patients (≥ 10‐years‐old), stratified into early‐stage (Walton 0–1, FVC ≥ 80%) and symptomatic (Walton 2–6). Thigh MRIs were acquired at 3 T using T1‐weighted and STIR sequences. Fat fraction (FF) and water T2 (wT2) were calculated in 11 different regions using 6‐point Dixon and 17‐echo multi‐echo spin‐echo acquisitions, respectively. Functional, respiratory, and patient‐reported outcomes were assessed. The adductor magnus (AM)/rectus femoris (RF) FF ratio was evaluated for its discriminative power. wT2 was analyzed as a binary score per muscle (0 or 1), depending on whether its value exceeded the control mean plus two SD, and summed across 11 muscles to compute an individual wT2 involvement score (WIS). Thirty‐three LOPD patients (16 early‐stage; 17 symptomatic) and 34 controls were recruited. Thigh FF strongly correlated with clinical scales ( ρ up to 0.86). ROC analysis identified AM as the best discriminator (AUC: 0.96, cut off ≥ 7.93%), with similar performance for the AM/RF ratio (AUC: 0.94). wT2 showed weaker correlation with clinical scores compared to FF; symptomatic patients had higher WIS compared to early‐stage and controls. Thigh FF is a robust biomarker of disease severity. AM FF and the age‐independent AM/RF FF are sensitive to early structural changes. A WIS > 3 may reflect symptomatic disease. If validated longitudinally, these qMRI parameters could help guide optimal timing of therapy initiation.
Journals
2026 EN
Tharakan Ravi · Qu Yanyan · Ceribelli Michele
+5 more
ABSTRACT Kinase inhibitors represent a vital class of therapeutic agents widely used in cancer research, immunology, and other disease areas. Mass spectrometry (MS) employing specially designed small‐molecule kinase‐binding probes has become an essential strategy for identifying novel kinase drug targets. While traditional MS approaches often rely on targeted proteomics (e.g., multiple reaction monitoring [MRM]) or data‐dependent acquisition (DDA), data‐independent acquisition (DIA) offers broader and more reproducible quantification, especially for low‐abundance peptides. In this study, we systematically developed an activity‐based protein profiling (ABPP) platform leveraging DIA, through integrated in‐house informatics tools for data filtering and motif analysis, to provide an effective kinase profiling workflow. Compared to DDA, the DIA approach yielded more than a 100% increase in identified biotinylated peptides and over 40% improvement in kinase peptide coverage, while reducing the analysis time by half (90 min vs. 180 min per sample). Additionally, there was a modest improvement to the coefficient of variation (CV) in kinase peptide quantification (decrease from 11.41% to 10.70%; mean CV). Shorter liquid chromatography (LC) gradient times (60, 45, and 30 min) were evaluated as a means for increasing sample analysis throughput. Notably, no significant loss in kinase peptide coverage was observed due to shorter gradients, highlighting the capability of DIA to significantly enhance the efficiency and scalability of kinase profiling workflows.
Journals
2026 EN
Lagi Filippo · Formica Giuseppe · Fabbiani Massimiliano
+25 more
ABSTRACT To evaluate the durability of long‐acting cabotegravir (CAB) plus rilpivirine (RPV), available in Italy since June 2022, for maintaining HIV‐1 virological suppression. This multicentric observational study included 191 virologically suppressed adults (HIV‐RNA < 50 copies/mL) from 11 centers in Tuscany, followed from first CAB + RPV injection until discontinuation, death, or last visit. Discontinuation was defined as regimen switch or two consecutive missed doses, virological failure (VF) as two consecutive HIV‐RNA > 50 copies/mL or a single > 1000 copies/mL. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis assessed discontinuation rates. Follow‐up was 209.5 person‐years with a median of 1 year (IQR 0.5–1.5). Median age was 51 years (IQR 43–58); 81.7% were male; median ART duration was 13.8 years (IQR 8.7–20.2). Eighteen participants (9.2%) discontinued due to adverse events (3.7%), VF (2.6%), personal choice (2.1%), medical decision (0.5%), or loss to follow‐up (0.5%). Overall discontinuation was 8.5/100 person‐years (95% CI: 5.4–13.6). VF incidence was 2.3/100 person‐years (95% CI 0.9–5.7). All VFs, occurred within 28 weeks, except one at Week 72 with resistance mutations. Discontinuation rates were slightly higher than clinical trials but consistent with real‐world data. The VF incidence was slightly higher than reported in prior reports, highlighting the need for real‐life clinical monitoring.
Journals
2026 EN
Trombetta Claudia Maria · Stufano Angela · Biagini Valentina
+11 more
ABSTRACT Influenza D virus (IDV) was first isolated in 2011 from a swine with respiratory disease symptoms in the United States. Epidemiological and serological evidence suggests that cattle are the natural reservoir of IDV, with periodic spillover events to other animal hosts. This study investigated the seroprevalence of two IDV lineages, D/660 and D/OK, among cattle workers in Southern Italy between 2023 and 2024 to better characterize the zoonotic exposure risk in this occupational setting. A control group from the same geographical area was also included. Serum samples were tested by hemagglutination inhibition and virus neutralization (VN) assays. Overall, 42.9% (60/140) of cattle workers were positive at least to one of the two IDV lineages. Moreover, 39.3% (55/140) were positive for D/660 and 34.3% (48/140) for D/OK, with all but one positive result confirmed by VN assay. In the control group, tested only for D/660, a significantly higher seroprevalence was observed, with 65.0% (39/60) testing positive. These findings suggest that IDV exposure is not restricted to occupational settings involving direct contact with cattle and underscore the importance of incorporating IDV into current influenza surveillance programs.
Journals
2026 EN
La Rocca Veronica · Filipponi Carolina · Diesendorf Viktoria
+17 more
ABSTRACT SARS‐CoV‐2, like other positive‐sense RNA viruses, manipulates host lipid metabolism to facilitate its replication by enhancing lipogenesis and lipid droplet formation. This infection disrupts bioactive lipid levels associated with the inflammatory response by increasing nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) transcription. Recent findings have shown that NF‐κB activation is essential for sustaining SARS‐CoV‐2 replication. Therefore, we proposed that counteracting NF‐κB–driven pro‐inflammatory lipid production could be accomplished by enhancing an anti‐inflammatory, lipolytic pathway. Our goal was to increase levels of Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), the main activator of the Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor‐α (PPAR‐α), a transcription factor that suppresses lipogenesis and NF‐κB transcription. PEA levels are mainly regulated by N‐acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA), a lysosomal enzyme that breaks down PEA. We hypothesized that inhibiting NAAA might interfere with SARS‐CoV‐2 replication by allowing PEA to accumulate, thereby activating PPAR‐α and suppressing NF‐κB. Our results show that genetic or chemical ablation of NAAA significantly suppresses SARS‐CoV‐2 replication ex‐vivo by 3 log 10 in human‐derived precision‐cut lung slices. We investigated whether inhibiting NAAA could block NF‐κB activation by steering its opposite PPAR‐α mediated pathway. We observed increased PPAR‐α expression in NAAA KO cells, while PPAR‐α expression remained low in infected untreated cells. Elevated PPAR‐α expression correlated with reduced NF‐κB activation when NAAA is ablated. These findings highlight NAAA as an essential host factor for SARS‐CoV‐2 replication and propose a mechanism that reduces both replication and inflammation by targeting NF‐κB during Coronaviridae replication.
Journals
2026 EN
Bongio Marco · Baccolo Giovanni · Scotti Riccardo
+1 more
ABSTRACT Air temperature is a key variable influencing numerous chemical, physical, hydrological and biological processes; however, long‐term observations are lacking, particularly at high elevations. This study presents a statistical methodology for reconstructing daily air temperature time series at the highest permanently manned meteorological station in Switzerland, the Jungfraujoch (3571 a.s.l.), based on observations from 30 lower‐altitude stations (485–2691 m a.s.l.) dating back to 1900. The reconstructed time series were then compared with observations from 1933 to 2023, as well as with two high‐resolution gridded datasets (HISTALP and Imfeld et al. 2023) to validate the period from 1900 to 1933. We found that (i) the selection of stations with temporally consistent long‐term observations is a critical issue, (ii) model performance, efficiency and errors are primarily influenced by altitude, (iii) the Kling–Gupta Efficiency (KGE) is an appropriate metric for defining the ensemble simulation, considering correlation and bias on the mean and standard deviation values, (iv) the ensemble simulation increases the temporal consistency of the estimated time series and mediates the latitudinal and longitudinal gradients, (v) comparable performance to existing datasets is achieved, despite the low‐data requirements, but with greater computational efficiency, and (vi) the estimated time series can provide a benchmark for evaluating time series anomalies and for a deeper analysis of the elevation‐dependent warming issue.