Journals
2025 EN
Culpan Emrullah · Gürsoy Mehtap
Abstract Plant growth regulators (PGRs) play important roles in seedling growth, yield, growth, and other parameters in plants. These PGRs include kinetin (K) and salicylic acid (SA). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PGRs (K and SA) and their different application methods (foliar spray and seed priming) on safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.) in field conditions. The present study was conducted in both 2022 and 2023 years as four independent experiments (seed priming with K, foliar application with K, seed priming with SA, foliar application with SA). In the study, four different doses of K (0, 50, 75, and 100 mg L −1 ) and SA (0, 50, 75, and 100 mg L −1 ) were used. The experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. In this study, days to emergence, plant height, branch number, head number, number of seeds per head, head diameter, 1000‐seed weight, seed yield, oil content, oil yield, and fatty acid composition parameters were investigated. The study's findings indicate that the PGR applications had a significantly improved seed yield, oil content, oil yield, and the examined fatty acids. The oleic acid content, which is a very important parameter for oilseed crops, was positively affected by seed priming with kinetin. In this study, all applications were compared with each other, and it was concluded that seed priming was more effective than the foliar application method. In addition, it was observed that salicylic acid improved the analyzed characters more positively than kinetin.
Journals
2025 EN
Kahraman Feyza Ustabas · Jafarov Uzeyir · Yazan Hakan
+3 more
ABSTRACT Background Situs inversus totalis (SIT) is present in approximately 40%–50% of patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). We evaluated the relationships between novel genetic results and the clinical and radiological characteristics of PCD patients with SIT. Methods The study included 48 patients diagnosed with PCD and SIT. Demographic and clinical features, disease‐related scores (Bhalla, Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Rule [PICADAR], and American Thoracic Society [ATS]), and genetic analyses were retrospectively assessed. Results The median age of patients was 13 (6.5–16) years, and parental consanguinity was observed in 43 (89.58%) patients. Bhalla score was available in 31 patients and “moderate and severe” score was observed in 19 (61.29%) patients. The median PICADAR score was 10 (8–11), and 34 (70.83%) patients had a high (≥ 10) PICADAR score. The ATS score was found to be 4 in 24 (50%) patients and 3 in 20 (43.75%) patients. Genetic data were available in 40 patients and mutations were found in 27 (67.5%) patients. The most common pathogenic variants were DNAH5 in 8 (20%), CCDC103 in 4 (10%), and CCDC39 in 3 (7.5%) patients. Subjects with any genetic variants may be older, have a greater frequency of parental consanguinity, higher Bhalla score, and higher ATS score ( p < 0.05). DNAH5 mutation was associated with a lower likelihood of neonatal ICU stay and neonatal respiratory distress‐related symptoms ( p = 0.036 and 0.015, respectively). Conclusions Situs abnormalities may be a warning sign for the early diagnosis of PCD. Early diagnosis of PCD through genetic analysis is important for preventing chronic lung pathologies and predicting prognosis and may improve the quality of life.
Journals
2025 EN
Özüpek Burçin · Abaci Kaplan Nurten · Nazlı Gok Hasya
+4 more
Abstract The genera Geranium and Erodium (Geraniaceae) have been documented to possess diverse ethnopharmacological uses, including diabetes mellitus. Relevant to their ethnopharmacological use, the current study aimed to evaluate the α‐glucosidase, α‐amylase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzyme inhibitory activity of ethanol extracts from 46 samples belonging to thirty‐one species of Geranium (20) and Erodium (11) collected throughout Türkiye. The majority of the extracts displayed a marked α‐glucosidase and α‐amylase inhibitory activity. Besides, 23 extracts out of 46 exhibited a concentration‐dependent inhibitory effect over 50 % towards AChE. The highest AChE inhibition was found in G. subcaulescens collected from Konya with an IC 50 value of 4.73±2.96 μg/mL . E. somanum , E. leucanthum , and E. sipthorpianum exhibited the most potent α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity, while E. birandianum and E. pelargoniiflorum were the most active extracts against AChE and BChE, respectively. Three extracts that had inhibitory activity over 50 % against four of the enzymes were selected and proceeded to RP‐HPLC analysis. Geraniin and ellagic acid were identified as major compounds in the active extracts. Most species screened in the current study were examined for the first time against α‐glucosidase, α‐amylase, AChE, and BChE.
Journals
2025 EN
Bulut Semih · Toslak Ravzagül · Muhammed Muhammed Tilahun
+2 more
ABSTRACT For many years, Stachys species have been traditionally used against various diseases. This study was carried out to analyze the chemical content of the aerial parts of Stachys cretica subsp. anatolica and to investigate its antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antiobesity effects. Moreover, it was aimed to carry out a molecular modeling study between the strongest activity shown by the extract and its main chemical component. Although the antidiabetic and antiobesity effects of the extract were evaluated by enzyme inhibition tests, its chemical content was analyzed by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Molecular modeling studies based on the major component of the extract were investigated by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation methods. The extract had significant antioxidant activity and α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC 50 : 24.18 ± 1.44 µg/mL). The extract was found to be rich in quinic acid (55.708 mg/g extract). On the other hand, the computational study disclosed that the major phytocomponents could bind to the α‐glucosidase structure and form a stable complex. In conclusion, this extract may be an important resource for pharmaceutical industries.
Journals
2025 EN
Kürkçü Kahraman Ezgi · Donma Orkide · Donma Mustafa Metin
+2 more
ABSTRACT Background Although high‐dose biotin interference in automated immunoassays is now considered, there are very few studies showing biotin interference in manually operated research kits, especially with enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The aims of our study were to determine the effects of biotin interference on various parameters, including leptin, leptin receptor (LEPR), ghrelin, acylated ghrelin, deacylated ghrelin, ghrelin receptor (GHSR), kisspeptin (KISS1), kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R), preptin, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), nod‐like receptor pyrin domain‐containing 3 (NLRP3) and interleukin‐18 (IL‐18), which contribute to energy homeostasis in healthy and obese children. Methods Serum pools were prepared from healthy and obese individuals, and biotin concentrations in samples containing different amounts of biotin were measured via sandwich and competitive ELISA methods. In addition, possible biotin interactions were investigated by determining the concentrations of all the study parameters in serum pools containing different amounts of biotin. Results We found that the biotin‐competitive, ghrelin‐competitive, KISS1‐competitive, GHSR, leptin and LEPR ELISA kits were less affected by biotin interference and the results of these assay kits were more reliable. Unexpectedly, high levels were also measured in the biotin sandwich ELISA kit, indicating that biotin interference can also occur in manually operated assay kits. Conclusions Biotin exhibited an interference effect even in well‐functioning, qualified kits, and this negative effect was less common in competitive kits. Biotin interference was closely associated with the quality of the research kit, the parameters studied, and the presence of high biotin concentrations in the blood.
Journals
2025 EN
Aslan Serkan · Türkvatan Aysel · Kanyılmaz Mehmet
+8 more
Abstract Background Given the anatomical proximity of the cardiac conduction system, aortomitral continuity calcification (AMCC) may contribute to conduction disturbances (CD) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) due to radial force on the AMCC. This study aimed to investigate the impact of AMCC on new‐onset CD in patients undergoing TAVI with the balloon‐expandable Myval valve. Methods This retrospective study included 160 patients who underwent TAVI. AMCC was assessed using Agatston and calcium volume scores from preprocedural computed tomography (CT). Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of CD. Results High‐grade atrioventricular block (HAVB) occurred in 13.1% of patients, and 17.5% required permanent pacemaker implantation (PPM). Patients with HAVB and PPM exhibited a higher prevalence of AMCC and significantly higher AMCC scores. An AMCC score >180 was an independent predictor of HAVB (OR, 5.58; 95% CI, 1.43–21.70; p = .013) and PPM (OR, 5.39; 95% CI, 1.75–16.55; p = .002). When classified by AMCC proximity type, right fibrous trigone (RFT)‐dominant calcification was a strong independent predictor of HAVB (OR, 9.22; 95% CI, 1.63–51.99; p = .012) and PPM (OR, 7.62; 95% CI, 1.91–30.38; p = .004). Prolonged QRS duration, greater implantation depth, and shorter membranous septum length were also independent predictors. Conclusion AMCC is a strong independent predictor of HAVB and PPM following TAVI, particularly with scores >180 or when AMCC is anatomically close to the RFT. Preprocedural CT‐based assessment of AMCC burden and proximity may improve risk stratification and procedural planning.
Journals
2025 EN
Özcan Aykol Şevval Maral · Zeybek Zuhal · Kayabaş Yavuzhan
+4 more
ABSTRACT The fact that free‐living amoebae of the genus Acanthamoeba can live in many different environments causes these protozoa to have different interactions with other microorganisms. Investigation of Acanthamoeba –pathogenic bacteria interaction is important for the discovery of new antibacterial agents that can be used against pathogenic bacteria. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the antibacterial effect of cell‐free supernatants obtained from Acanthamoeba against some pathogenic bacteria. One standard strain ( Acanthamoeba castellanii ATCC 50373) and one environmental strain (B1) of the genus Acanthamoeba were used in the study. Cell‐free supernatants were obtained by centrifuging the axenic cultures (3000 rpm, 5 min) and passing through a sterile filter with a pore diameter of 0.22 µm. The antibacterial effect of cell‐free supernatants against five different pathogenic bacteria ( Acinetobacter baumannii , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Enterococcus faecalis , Salmonella Typhi, and Salmonella enterica ) was investigated by colony counting method. As a result of the study, it was determined that the standard Acanthamoeba cell‐free supernatant showed the highest antibacterial effect against E. faecalis (75.79%), while B1 cell‐free supernatant showed the highest antibacterial effect against K. pneumoniae (8.5%). The content of the tested Acanthamoeba cell‐free supernatants was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in our previous study and was also found to contain major compounds with antibacterial properties. Therefore, it is thought that the metabolites produced by Acanthamoeba can be used as an alternative to existing antimicrobial drugs in the fight against infections caused by some important pathogenic bacteria.
Journals
2025 EN
Güngören Gülşah · Simsek Ulku Gulcihan · Güngören Alper
+7 more
Abstract BACKGROUND This research aims to reduce white striping muscle defects induced by vascular inflammation and hypoxia using the anti‐inflammatory, antiplatelet and anti‐atherothrombotic properties of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). To this end, the effects of different doses (0.3, 0.6, 1, 3 and 6 g L −1 ) of ASA added to drinking water at 24–48 days on growth performance, carcass traits, footpad dermatitis, white striping and breast meat quality parameters were investigated. RESULTS The results indicate that 0.3, 1, 3 g L −1 and especially 0.6 g L −1 ASA treatment significantly improved growth performance and meat quality parameters. Also, doses of 0.3, 6 g L −1 and especially 0.6 g L −1 of ASA treatment reduced the incidence of white stripe muscle defects. CONCLUSIONS Consequently, 0.6 g L −1 ASA treatment reduced macrophage infiltrations and myodegeneration caused by growth rate. In addition, this dose increased vascular endothelial growth factor and decreased irisin level in breast muscle. The study also shows that high doses of ASA treatment (3 and 6 g L −1 ) may make footpad dermatitis more common. This may be due to the fact that ASA can cause side effects such as gizzard ulcers and kidney damage in broiler chickens. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Journals
2025 EN
Şeyranlıoğlu Onur · Çilek Arif · Yaman Serdar
+3 more
Abstract BACKGROUND This study examines the relationship between agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, economic growth (EG), and financial development (FD) within the framework of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) countries. Using data from 2000 to 2020, the panel data analysis evaluates variables including EG, FD, foreign direct investment (FDI), agricultural energy consumption (EC), population (POP), agricultural land (LAND), and environmental policy stringency (EPS). RESULTS Long‐run elasticity estimates obtained using bias‐adjusted ordinary least squares (BA‐OLS) demonstrate an inverted U‐shaped relationship between EG, FD, and GHG emissions. A panel Fisher test reveals causal patterns among the variables. The findings indicate that EG and FD initially increased GHG emissions by boosting investments in the agricultural sector but emissions declined once a certain income or development level was reached, supporting the EKC hypothesis. Stricter environmental policies were found to be effective in reducing emissions. Population growth was also found to reduce emissions by enhancing agricultural productivity, and the expansion of LAND increased emissions. One of the important findings of the study is that the interactions between environmental policies, EG, and FD can reduce GHG emissions significantly. CONCLUSION The study emphasizes the need to adopt sustainable EG strategies, tightening environmental policies, and promoting sustainable agricultural technologies in OECD countries. Sharing agricultural sustainability and low‐carbon development strategies through knowledge and technology transfer among OECD countries is recommended to combat global climate change effectively. In conclusion, coordinated efforts by OECD countries are required in order to enhance low‐carbon agricultural development. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Journals
2025 EN
Yildirim Muradiye · Duran Kaymak Sumeyya · Cayonu Kahraman Neval
+2 more
Objective To evaluate ovarian stiffness in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS) using acoustic pulse imaging. Methods This case–control study was conducted in a tertiary center PCOS outpatient clinic. A total of 105 participants, 51 PCOS patients (20 MetS and 31 non‐MetS) and 54 healthy women between the ages of 20 and 35 years, were included in the study. Laboratory and sonographic assessments were performed in the early follicular phase. The shear wave elastography (SWE) technique was used to measure ovarian tissue stiffness transvaginally. Results Age and body mass index were found to be similar between PCOS and control groups. Mean SWE values were found to be 13.61 ± 2.2 kPa and 8.82 ± 1.62 kPa, in the PCOS and control groups, respectively; P < 0.001. The intraobserver intraclass correlation coefficient value for the mean SWE measurement (kPa) was found to be 0.811 (good reliability agreement). Using receiver operating curve analysis, an optimized cut‐off point of SWE_mean 10.58 kPa was determined. Similar SWE values were found in PCOS subgroups with clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism. In PCOS patients with and without MetS, SWE was 15.68 ± 1.36 kPa and 12.28 ± 1.50 kPa, respectively ( P < 0.001). A moderate positive correlation was found with waist circumference, triglyceride and insulin resistance parameters, and a weak correlation was found with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion Ovulatory dysfunction and the fibroinflammatory environment in PCOS lead to quantitatively measurable changes in ovarian tissue elasticity. MetS exacerbates these changes. Ovarian elasticity values were found to be associated with clinical and laboratory markers.