General Health and Mental Health Locus of Control in a Diverse Sample of Latino San Franciscans Attending a Community‐Based Primary Care Clinic

Abstract Background A more integrated approach to mental and brain health across the lifespan is needed. Understanding how individuals in a specific community perceive control over their health outcomes may provide insights for multidimensional and personalized care. We used the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale (MHLOC) to assess a group of Spanish‐speaking, Latino San Franciscans. Beliefs on what influences their general and mental health were measured in three dimensions: Internal Health Locus of Control (IHLOC), Powerful Others Health Locus of Control (PHLOC), and Chance Health Locus of Control (CHLOC). Method Participants provided informed consent and self‐administered the MHLOC scale in the San Francisco (SF) Mission Neighborhood Health Clinic. Sociodemographic variables were collected (age, sex, education, years living in SF, religion). We compared participants’ general and mental health beliefs and tested for associations between their MHLC dominant dimension and their sociodemographic variables. Result 78 participants (47.2 years, 72.5% male) with diverse sociodemographic backgrounds completed the MHLOC scale (table 1). PHLOC dimension was dominant for general and mental health (43% and 51%, respectively), followed by IHLOC (31% and 33%), and CHLC (26% and 17%). A large proportion of participants changed their dominant dimension when shifting from thinking of their general to their mental health beliefs ( n  = 40, 51.3%). The most prominent change was from IHLC to PHLC dominance ( p  = 0.03, Figure 1). Age and education were found to have a significant effect on general health beliefs (one‐way ANOVA, F = 4.50, p  = 0.014 and χ 2  = 26.35, p  = 0.010, respectively). Conclusion Our findings suggest a tendency among Latino San Franciscans to view their mental health as strongly influenced by external factors, while viewing their general health as strongly influenced by self‐responsibility. Acknowledging and supporting participants’ reliance on external resources while fostering self‐efficacy could guide prevention and intervention strategies for mental and brain health.

Cover Picture

This cover image is based on the article “Advances in miRNA research: Unraveling the complexities of gene regulation” reported by Jiawei Zheng, Guoqing Zhang, Linzhu Ren. ( https://doi.org/10.1002/ame2.70076 ). To achieve diverse goals, the Monkey King can employ his 72 Transformations, turning into various objects or creatures to fulfill his mission. This characteristic is highly similar to that of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cells, which play a crucial role in key life processes, including cell and individual growth, development, and differentiation, through their diverse forms. In the illustration, the Monkey King (miRNA) blows out his hairs, which transform into many little monkeys, each symbolizing a distinct cellular function. Specifically, one monkey is cooking in a pot to represent metabolic regulation, another wields the golden staff to signify immune defense, one eats a peach to indicate growth and development, while another holds a burning candle that gradually extinguishes to illustrate apoptosis. The mountain peaks on the left symbolize the cellular environment, providing the context in which these regulatory processes take place. Together, these diverse transformations vividly capture the multifaceted roles of miRNAs in biological processes.

Malaysia's commemorative activities for the second Asia Laboratory Animal Day ( ALAD )

Abstract Malaysia's commemoration of the second Asia Laboratory Animal Day (ALAD) in 2025 marked a notable step forward in strengthening national and regional laboratory animal science, ethical governance, and humane research practices. Celebrated a day earlier on 28 November, an initiative led by the Laboratory Animal Science Association of Malaysia (LASAM), comprised a coordinated three‐month programme from September to November. A series of targeted activities were conducted, including professional exchange visits, competency‐based rodent care and use workshops, refinement‐centred blood sampling training, and institutional lectures on ethics and welfare. These engagements involved researchers, technicians, ethics committee members, and undergraduate trainees; reflecting ALAD's aim of fostering ethical awareness and technical proficiency across all levels of research personnel. A major highlight of the campaign was the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding between LASAM and Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), strengthening long‐term collaboration in training, welfare standard harmonisation, and shared ethical governance. The programme also delivered measurable outcomes: over 92% of participants improved their understanding of the 3Rs and humane endpoints, more than 95% attained competency in basic rodent handling, and national interest in laboratory animal science increased, as reflected by rising LASAM membership. Malaysia's ALAD initiatives emphasise the importance of grassroots engagement, refinement‐based training, and strong institutional partnerships in advancing ethical and humane science. The country's experience provides a replicable framework for other Asian regions seeking to enhance welfare capacity, harmonise standards, and cultivate responsible research communities. Malaysia remains committed to supporting ALAD's ongoing mission to advance scientific integrity and animal welfare across Asia.

Advancing science and adhering to ethics—Mission and practice of CALAS

The Spectrum of Neurologic Phenotypes Associated With NUS1 Pathogenic Variants: A Comprehensive Case Series

Objective A growing body of evidence indicates a strong genetic overlap between developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) and movement disorders. De novo loss‐of‐function variants in NUS1 have been recently identified in DEE cases. Herein, we report a large cohort of cases with pathogenic NUS1 variants and describe their clinical presentation and the details of the associated epilepsy and movement disorders. Methods Cases with NUS1 ‐related disorders were identified through a multicentric international collaboration made possible by the GeneMatcher platform. Clinical data were acquired through retrospective case‐note review. Results We identified 41 subjects carrying 38 different pathogenic or likely pathogenic heterozygous NUS1 variants. The majority of cases displayed developmental delays and intellectual disability of variable severity. Epilepsy was present in 68.3% of cases (28/41) with onset typically in early childhood. Strikingly, 87.8% of cases (36/41) presented with movement disorders and for 13 of these cases the movement disorder was not accompanied by epilepsy. The phenomenology of the movement disorders was complex with myoclonus observed in 68.3% of cases (28/41), either in isolation or in combination with dystonia, ataxia, and/or parkinsonism. Seven cases that otherwise did not have prominent movement disorders had mild incoordination and intention tremor, suggestive of cerebellar dysfunction. There was no observed genotype–phenotype correlation, suggesting that other genetic or acquired factors impact the clinical presentation. Interpretation Heterozygous NUS1 pathogenic variants cause a complex neurological disorder, variably featuring developmental and epileptic encephalopathies and a broad spectrum of movement disorders, which represent the major source of neurological disability for most cases. ANN NEUROL 2025;98:561–572

Encouraging the Local Relationships That Build Solidarity: Thinking Systemically About Family Therapy and Climate Change

ABSTRACT As citizens and practitioners, climate change has important implications. This contribution attempts to ‘work the loop’ between the personal and the professional in a systemic account of the relationship between family therapy and climate change. The account begins with a practical question: How should practitioners formulate presentations where immediate environmental disaster, or the prospect of progressive degradation, is a key feature? Acknowledging the profound meaning of climate change, three fields are developed. First, data are presented on the two contrasting understandings of health and well‐being that appear immediately relevant. Second, the mainstream understanding of the self is contrasted with a systemic view of the self. Third, the research undertaken by social epidemiology on the importance of personal relationships is summarised. It is argued that this research affirms the mission family therapy has traditionally served: to assist those we work for build ethical and reliable connections. In concluding, an affirming recommendation is put forward: in the context of climate change, the discipline's unique contribution to relationship‐building makes this service especially important.

Essential work, invisible workers: The role of digital curation in COVID ‐19 Open Science

Abstract In this paper, we examine the role digital curation practices and practitioners played in facilitating open science (OS) initiatives amid the COVID‐19 pandemic. In Summer 2023, we conducted a content analysis of available information regarding 50 OS initiatives that emerged—or substantially shifted their focus—between 2020 and 2022 to address COVID‐19 related challenges. Despite growing recognition of the value of digital curation for the organization, dissemination, and preservation of scientific knowledge, our study reveals that digital curatorial work often remains invisible in pandemic OS initiatives. In particular, we find that, even among those initiatives that greatly invested in digital curation work, digital curation is seldom mentioned in mission statements, and little is known about the rationales behind curatorial choices and the individuals responsible for the implementation of curatorial strategies. Given the important yet persistent invisibility of digital curatorial work, we propose a shift in how we conceptualize digital curation from a practice that merely “adds value” to research outputs to a practice of knowledge production. We conclude with reflections on how iSchools can lead in professionalizing the field and offer suggestions for initial steps in that direction.

Research on autonomous decision‐making method for spacecraft in the mission of rendezvous and approaching to maneuvering target based on deep reinforcement learning

Abstract In this paper, an autonomous decision‐making method for close‐range rendezvous and approaching to noncooperative target with strong maneuvering is proposed based on the distributed distributional deep determined policy gradient (D4PG), and ground simulation system of rendezvous and approaching is constructed by the improved YOLOv5s and universal robotic arm to verify the effectiveness and feasibility. The contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) an improved nearest neighbor exploration mechanism including random constant value and logarithmic constant value is proposed to stabilize the convergence for the decision‐making under the uncertainty; (2) a discrete wavelet transform (DWT)‐based preprocessing, a fusion of generalized additive model (GAM), and an optimization scheme are proposed for the dark background and false detection of black objects; and (3) a comparison analysis of simulation result between the traditional noise and proposed state‐based exploration is presented for the superiority and some robot‐based ground experiments are done to verify feasibility of close‐range space rendezvous and approaching.

Robust optimal distance‐based formation control of uncertain nonlinear agents over directed topologies

Abstract This paper studies a formation control problem with distance constraints for nonlinear agents with uncertainties. Controlling an edge is assigned to only one of its incident agents. Directed graph theory is used to model the desired formation topology. The method is distributed, applicable to uncertain nonlinear agents, and is based on robust‐optimal control. The proposed control scheme is based on integral sliding mode control (ISMC) combined with the state‐dependent Riccati equation (SDRE) method. The method minimizes a weighted cost function that includes the formation and control input costs for a given mission while compensating for the effect of uncertainties. A rigorous Lyapunov stability analysis proved the local asymptotic convergence of the agents to the desired distances. We use the concept of mathematical induction to show that the formation of all agents is stable. Detailed simulation results are included to verify the proposed control scheme.

Superhabitable Planets Around Mid‐Type K Dwarf Stars Enhance Simulated JWST Observability and Surface Habitability

ABSTRACT In our search for life beyond the Solar System, certain planetary bodies may be more conducive to life than Earth. However, the observability of these “superhabitable” (SH) planets in the habitable zones around K dwarf stars has not been fully modeled. This study addresses this gap by modeling the atmospheres of SH exoplanets. We employed the 1D model Atmos to define the SH parameter space, POSEIDON to calculate synthetic transmission spectra, and PandExo to simulate JWST observations. Our results indicate that planets orbiting mid‐type K dwarfs, receiving 80% of Earth's solar flux, are optimal for life. These planets sustain temperate surfaces with moderate CO 2 levels, unlike those receiving 60% flux, where necessarily higher CO 2 levels could hinder biosphere development. Moreover, they are easier to observe, requiring significantly fewer transits for biosignature detection compared with Earth‐like planets around Sun‐like stars. For instance, detecting biosignature pairs like oxygen and methane from 30 pc would require 150 transits (43 years) for a SH planet, versus over 1700 transits (~1700 years) for Earth‐like planets. While such observation times lie outside of JWST mission timescales, our study underscores the necessity of next‐generation telescopes and provides valuable targets for future observations with, for example, the ELT.