Synthesis and Characterization Structure and Physical Properties [ 50-xTiNi – x Ag] Shape Memory Alloy

In this research, a metal alloy was prepared and its structural and physiological properties were studied. The method of powder technology was used in mixing and mixing powders. The ratio of 1: 1 was mixed with 100 micron granular powder and nickel powder with granular size of 78 microns. The mixture was then reinforced with a nanocrystalline powder with a mixing ratio of 0%, 1%, 3%, 5% and 7%), where the powders were mixed in an effective mechanical mixing method at a rate of 350 rpm and 6 hours continuously. Physical tests (density, hardness, yield strength, young modulus) were performed. The electrical tests were carried out using four sensors (probs) such as resistivity and electrical conductivity, as well as structural tests such as X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed a significant improvement in the micro hardness values using Vickers hardness, which resulted in improved yield strength and young modulus respectively. The results of the test showed that the electrical conductivity properties showed a clear reduction in the resistivity values of the alloys supported by the nano-silver powder and an increase in the values of the electrical conductivity compared to the base alloy (nickel-titanium).

Catalytic Conversion of Tatarstan Heavy Oil using Copper Based Catalysts at 250 °C

In this work, the in-situ upgrading of heavy oil from Tatarstan oilfield using steam and copper stearate as a catalyst at 250 °C and 35 bar for 24 hours was studied in stainless-steel reactor. Changes in the density/API gravity, viscosity, chemical composition (SARA-analysis), elemental composition and structure (FTIR-spectroscopy) of heavy oil before and after conversion were determined. Generally, we can summarize, that the content of resins and asphaltenes as well as the average molecular weight of heavy oil were reduced after conversion process. Whereas, amount of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons was increased due to the destruction of its high molecular weight components. Also, irreversible decrease of viscosity was fixed.

Applications of GIS for Bridges Maintenance Service

AThe Bridge Maintenance Management System (BMMS) is an application system that uses existing data from a Bridge Management System database for monitoring and analysis of current bridges performance, as well as for estimating the current and future maintenance and rehabilitation needs of the bridges. In a transportation context, the maintenance management is described as a cost-effective process to operate, construct, and maintain physical money. This needs analytical tools to support the allocation of resources, materials, equipment, including personnel, and supplies. Therefore, Geographic Information System (GIS) can be considered as one tool to develop the road and bridge maintenance management system. This research aims to use GIS to create a database for bridge maintenance system. Two study areas have been chosen: the old construction bridge (Al-Qadisiyah) and the newly constructed bridge (Barboty). Both of them are in Al-Muthanna city\Iraq. The creation of database was based on field surveying data. In order to monitor the damages and decline of the bridges, four periodically observations have been achieved. The first analysis of the observations was conducted by graphical analysis which gave the results between all the observations. The second part of analysis included the process of documenting the cracks observed in both study areas via hyperlink tool. This tool can display each of the bridge cracks in the form of window that contains full information for each crack such as, photo of the crack, station number of the crack, coordinates of the crack, type of crack, the crack description, and risk levels of the crack. This information may help to save cost, time and effort to decision makers in the relevant institutions.

Removal of mixture of phenolic compounds from aqueous solution by tire char adsorption

The article presents the results of the pyrolysis products from waste tires. Pyrolysis was meted out at (400-800°C) for 2 hr in absence of oxygen. The yield of char range from (0.479 - 0.3104). By chemical treatment of char with NaOH solution the modified char was produced. The physical and chemical properties were studied (optimum temperature, proximate analysis and Boehm titration for surface functional groups) for original and modified chars. Isotherm for pure and multicomponent system for three components (phenol, 4-aminophenol and 4-chlorophenol) were studied. The Langmuir and Freundlich models were used to describe the sorption of phenolic compounds for single-solute isotherms and the modified extended Langmuir and extended Freundlich gave information results for competitive system. Langmuir model was the best fit for experimental results. The capability of the studied char to adsorb phenols were in the order: 4-chlorophenol > 4-aminophenol > phenol.

Handover Delay Analysis on Cellular Communication for Connected Car Application in Urban Area

The study on delay of cellular communication is conducted by considering handover session in urban area. The experiment was performed on three distinct devices to study the handover delay based on 2G and 3G connectivity. Handover delay experienced by a moving vehicle was measured based on the data transmission latency during communication transfer session from previous cell network area that is passed by the vehicle to a new cell network area. From this experiment, the best selection of wireless communication module by considering the handover delay in urban area is determined by suited module to be use on connected car system.

Path Loss Analysis Considering Doppler Shift Effect on Cellular Communication for Connected Car Application at Rural Area

Synthesis and structural properties of gold nanoparticles by the chemical reduction method using sodium borohydride

Sodium borohydride has been utilized to synthesize Au-NPs as stabilizing agents. The characterization of Au-NPs have been done by different techniques. X-ray diffraction machine has been used to study the structural properties of Au-NPs, which shows that the Au-NPs were in spherical and cubic structure. The surface morphology and the elemental composition of Au-NPs were analysed by SEM attached with the EDAX. UV-visible spectroscopy has been utilized to study the optical properties which shows the absorption peak of Au-NPs at 521nm. The crystallite size of Au-NPs was calculated via Debye-Scherrer and come out to be 12 nm.

Fabrication of proton exchange membranes and effect of sulfonated SiO2 (S-SiO2) in sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK) for fuel cells applications

The fabrication of composite proton exchange membrane from the sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK) and sulfonated SiO 2 (S-SiO 2 ) have been investigated for energy production. In this work, inorganic fillers have been incorporated successfully in the organic polymer matrix. The degree of sulfonation (DS) and ion exchange capacity (IEC) were measured by back titration method and observed around 46.4 % and 1.43 mmol/gm, respectively. DS and IEC were found is increase with the increase of the amount of S-SiO 2 which reached to 56.5 % and 1.69 mmol/gm, respectively. Water uptake in percent was increased in the SPEEK/S-SiO 2 membrane due to increasing the sulfuric acid groups (-SO 3 H), that lead to increasing the hydrophilic channels, the swelling ratio in percent was slightly increased. The proton conductivity of the SPEEK membrane was around 17.4 mS/cm and increased with increasing the amount of S-SiO 2 . The highest proton conductivity observed at SPEEK/0.3 S-SiO 2 was around 53.7 mS/cm. suggesting its use in fuel cell for energy production.

Synthesis, Characterization and antibacterial activity of Magnesium Oxide (MgO) nanoparticles.

Magnesium nitrate hexahydrate Mg (NO 3 ) 2 .6H 2 O, ammonia and distilled water were used for preparation magnesium oxide (MgO) via a precipitation method, where magnesium nitrate is used as a precursor, distilled water as a solvent and ammonia is used to maintain pH of the sample. The MgO was characterized by an X-ray diffractometer microscopy and a UV-Vis spectroscopy. In this study, The average particle size has been investigated by XRD spectroscopy, which came out to be 7 nm by using Scherrer’s equation. The samples had good crystallinity with a preferred orientation in the (222) direction. The energy band gap was estimated using UV-Vis spectroscopy, which is equal to be 4.8eV. As well as, in the present paper, the main goal for preparation Magnesium oxide is to study the antibacterial activity of magnesium oxide. Antibacterial was testing by analyzing the diameter of inhibition zone appeared in disk diffusion tests and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of samples dispersed in media. The results of bacterial sensitivity of nanoparticles vary depending on the type of bacteria E. coli and S. aureus, hence revealed the efficacy of magnesium oxide nanoparticles.

Degradation of Organic and Toxic Pollutants by Embedding the Barium Titanate Nanoparticles in Polyaniline Matrix (BaTiO3@PANI)

The embedment of barium titanate nanoparticles (BaTiO 3 NPs) in the polyaniline (PANI) matrix play a significant role in enhancing the properties of nanocomposites. In this research work BaTiO 3 @PANI polymer nanocomposites were well synthesized by the in-situ polymerization by embedding different concentrations of BaTiO 3 NPs (1wt%, 3wt%, 5wt%, 7wt %) in the polyaniline matrix. The resulting nanocomposites were characterized for their structural, optical and photocatalytic properties. BaTiO 3 @PANI nanocomposites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than pure PANI and pure BaTiO 3 NPs towards the organic and toxic pollutants in liquid phase under visible light irradiation. The embedment of BaTiO 3 NPs in PANI have played an important role in affecting the photo reactivity and the increased weight ratio of BaTiO 3 NPs in PANI increased the photocatalytic efficiency of nanocomposites. The structural and optical properties were studied by XRD, FTIR and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The XRD confirmed the embedment of BaTiO 3 NPs in PANI matrix. The Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy identified the various functional groups and their respective vibrational and stretching modes. The results revealed that higher concentration of BaTiO 3 NPs in PANI proves to be a better photocatalyst. This work provides a comprehensive information to modify the polymers with nanoparticles.