Experimentally Flexural Behaviour Study of Steel Beams with Corrugated Webs

The corrugated web girders had a wide applications because of its many favourable properties. Such as there is no need for intermediate stiffeners to avoid local buckling of the web and the reduction in web to produce by this technique. This study is an experimental investigation of flexural behaviour of I-section steel beams with corrugated webs and flat flange. The study involved testing six groups of steel beams. Each group consisted of two identical specimens and the average result was taken for compression. The first two groups consisted of standard and built-up I-section beams which served as a control beams. The other four groups content a corrugated web beams with different corrugation profiles (trapezoidal, rectangular, sinusoidal and zigzag). The experimental results showed that flexural contribution of the web does not exceed 7-11% from the total beam bending capacity for all configurations types. The rectangular corrugated web had the higher bending capacity and mid-span deflection among all the corrugation types.

Evaluating Implementation of Electric Power Generation Projects in Iraq

Iraq has witnessed development in many fields and the electricity production sector is one of the most important of these fields. This is attributed to the State’s philosophy in supporting this sector through the development of economic development projects to serve and raise the level of the Iraqi individual. Electricity production in Iraq is affected by many variables such as load growth, economic and financial conditions, planning, etc. All these led to a disparity in the production of electric power to cover the demand for energy. The paper deals with the electricity generation sector overview in Iraq, Analysis of the effects of variables on the implementation of power generation projects in Iraq, and Creating a mathematical model. The results enable decision-makers to prioritize the implementation of power generation projects in Iraq.

Economic, Social, and Environmental Sustainable Operation of Roadways within the Central Business District (CBD) sector at Hilla City Incorporated with Public Transport

The maintaining of sustainability is a constant challenge. Sustainability can be achieved by maintaining road traffic safety or preventing collisions and using pollution-free vehicles and safe transporting of goods. This research addresses the assessment of measuring transport sustainability based on economic, social, and environmental indicators for public transport routes. The methodology of this research can be described by collecting data (air pollution, noise, number of incidents, and volumes of traffic) from 15 public transport links within the central business district (sector 2) in the city of Hilla through collaboration with the departments concerned. To avoid the problem of utilizing several evaluation indicators, this research is developing a procedure to obtain a sustainable composite index to available data collection. The indicators of sustainability for urban transportation addressing the economic (delay), social (safety), and environmental (noise, air pollution) aspects depend on existing data. Indicators are combined in the economic, social, and environmental indicators into a composite sustainability index, in a way that overcomes the restrictions of normalization, weight, and aggregation. It is an attempt to estimate the sustainability of transport within the CBD sector No.2 in Hilla, which is integrated with public transport. According to the ICST (Composite Sustainability Transportation Index) value for roads associated with public transportation in Sector No.2 of the CBD Hilla City, the overall assessment for sustainability operation is from moderate level (9 links) to low (5 links) and a high level (1 link).

Simulation and Comparison of Modeling of Photovoltaic Modules During Different Values of Solar Irradiations Whilst Temperature of twenty five degree Celsius

In this paper, a simulation by MATLAB code lines has been done for modeling of three types of mono-crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules by using single diode diode models. The three types of photovoltaic modules are DelSolar D6M195B2A, EPOLLY ep125M/72-195W and LDK 195 MC. The MATLAB simulation has been done by using the data provided by the commercial datasheets. In this paper, three types of photovoltaic modules have been modeled by MATLAB simulation at diverse values of solar irradiations (G) whilst temperature (T) equal to 25°C. A current-voltage (I-V) characteristics curves with regard to photovoltaic modules have been plotted by using MATLAB simulation at different values of G are 100, 400, 700 and 1000 W/m 2 , whilst T of twenty five degree Celsius. It has been noted from simulation results that during the changing of values of G for three photovoltaic modules leads to change the values of short circuit current (Ish) for each photovoltaic module. The simulation results of modeling of EPOLLY ep125M/72-195W photovoltaic module have been presented that the changing of values of G leads to small changing of values of Ish. Whereas, the simulation results of modeling of DelSolar D6M195B2A and LDK 195 MC photovoltaic module have been presented that the changing of values of G leads to changing of values of Ish, and that changing is bigger than case of EPOLLY ep125M/72-195W photovoltaic module. It has been concluded that EPOLLY ep125M/72-195W photovoltaic module is more suitable to be used during the regions that have frequently changing of values of G than using DelSolar D6M195B2A and LDK 195 MC photovoltaic module.

Security in social media policies: guidelines for strategies

This research investigates the security in social media and provided the guidelines and strategies toward minimizing the security risks in social media to collect parts of information and increase better practices to assist nations with tending to social media security changes adequately. Besides, this work further features more in the writing dependent on social media security dangers and rules to lessen it and furthermore outlined the key bits of knowledge to push our nations to effectively address these issues of social middle security chance. Great associations don’t contain a coercive social media security way set up and are dubious of how to make sturdy social media security systems to forestall social media security risks. This work can be filled in as a trend to associations to moderate social media security hazards that might compromise the associations. The flow investigates further merges the divided conversation in writing and gives a profundity investigation of social media security dangers, rules, and counteraction systems. Reasonable bits of knowledge are distinct and outlined from a wide investigation. Sharing this interesting information could possibly energize more conversation on bestead pursuits for contraction the risks of social media to those associations.

Hausdorff Topological of Path in Graph

Previous research has dealt with the topic of topological graph in several aspects and has studied the set of vertices or set of edges as a sub basis for topological space. The topic of domination has received the attention of many researchers in the recent period, because has many applications in the field of computers and networks. The main purpose of this paper is join between topological space and minimal dominating sets of a graph G, By using all minimal dominating sets ( MDS ) as open set of topology on V ( G ) . this paper discussed T 2 – MDS (hausdorff property) of path P n with n ≥ 4.

Investigation effect of ZnO content on the structural and electrical properties of pulsed laser deposited (NiO)1-x (ZnO)x thin films

This research is devoted to the effect of investigation of the ZnO content on the structural and electrical properties of (NiO) 1-x (ZnO) x films prepared by pulsed laser precipitation on the glass substrate at room temperature. Thin-film (NiO) 1-x (ZnO) x sediments were deposited with different composition ratios where x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 1.0 with a thickness of n150nm. The diffraction pattern for X-ray analysis reveals that the structure of the prepared thin films is identical with the cubic phase and hexadecimal stage of x = 0 and 0.1, respectively while the structure is mixed with the remaining x value from both stages. It involves studying the conductivity versus temperature to estimate conduction mechanisms and the Hall effect for determining type and carrier concentration as well as movement values. The results showed that there are two connection mechanisms and thus activation energies. Hall Effect showed that most of the prepared thin films were converted from type p to n of type x at = 0.2 and 1.0. Concentration of the carrier increases twice the volume while the mobility decreases by two degrees of volume by increasing the ZnO content from 0.0 to 1.0. The results were explained in terms of variation in the size of the crystals by increasing the ZnO content in the prepared thin films.

Non-Invasive Estimation of Intracranial Pressure by Diffuse Optics: A Proof-of-Concept Study

Intracranial pressure (ICP) is an important parameter to monitor in several neuropathologies. However, because current clinically accepted methods are invasive, its monitoring is limited to patients in critical conditions. On the other hand, there are other less critical conditions for which ICP monitoring could still be useful; therefore, there is a need to develop non-invasive methods. We propose a new method to estimate ICP based on the analysis of the non-invasive measurement of pulsatile, microvascular cerebral blood flow with diffuse correlation spectroscopy. This is achieved by training a recurrent neural network using only the cerebral blood flow as the input. The method is validated using a 50% split sample method using the data from a proof-of-concept study. The study involved a population of infants ( n  = 6) with external hydrocephalus (initially diagnosed as benign enlargement of subarachnoid spaces) as well as a population of adults ( n  = 6) with traumatic brain injury. The algorithm was applied to each cohort individually to obtain a model and an ICP estimate. In both diverse cohorts, the non-invasive estimation of ICP was achieved with an accuracy of <4 mm Hg and a negligible small bias. Further, we have achieved a good correlation (Pearson's correlation coefficient >0.9) and good concordance (Lin's concordance correlation coefficient >0.9) in comparison with standard clinical, invasive ICP monitoring. This preliminary work paves the way for further investigations of this tool for the non-invasive, bedside assessment of ICP.

Amlodipine Improves Vessel Function and Remodeling in the Lewis Polycystic Kidney Rat Mesenteric Artery

BACKGROUND Hypertension is a common comorbidity associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Treatment in these patients often involves L-type Ca2+ channel (LTCC) blockers. The effect of chronic LTCC-blockade treatment on resistance vasculature was investigated in a genetic hypertensive rat model of CKD, the Lewis Polycystic Kidney (LPK) rat. METHODS Mixed-sex LPK and Lewis control rats (total n = 38) were allocated to treated (amlodipine 20 mg/kg/day p.o. from 4 to 18 weeks) and vehicle groups. Following systolic blood pressure and renal function assessment, animals were euthanized and mesenteric vasculature was collected for functional and structural assessment using pressure myography and histology. RESULTS Amlodipine treatment reduced LPK rat blood pressure (untreated vs. treated: 185 ± 5 vs. 165 ± 9 mm Hg; P = 0.019), reduced plasma creatinine (untreated vs. treated: 197 ± 17 vs. 140 ± 16 µmol/l; P = 0.002), and improved some vascular structural parameters (internal and external diameters and wall–lumen ratios); however wall thickness was still increased in LPK relative to Lewis despite treatment (Lewis vs. LPK: 31 ± 2 vs. 41 ± 2 µm, P = 0.047). Treatment improved LPK rats’ endothelium dysfunction, and nitric oxide-dependent and endothelium-derived hyperpolarization vasorelaxation components, and downregulated prostanoid contributions. LTCC blockade had no effect on biomechanical properties of compliance and intrinsic stiffness, nor artery wall composition. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that blockade of LTCCs with amlodipine is effective in improving, to a certain extent, detrimental structural and functional vascular features of resistance arteries in CKD.

Harmonization of Maternal Nutrition Trials – Finding and Creating Similarities in Protocols and Outcomes