The article describes the results of our development of a model of acute vascular spiral organ damage by the carotid artery ligation in mice, and using perfusion fixation as an optimal method for saving of the morphological structure of the spiral body tissue.
The paper is concerned with the spherically symmetric static problem of the General Relativity Theory. The classical solution of this problem found in 1916 by K. Schwarzschild for a particular metric form results in singular space metric coefficient and provides the basis of the objects referred to as Black Holes. A more general metric form applied in the paper allows us to obtain the solution which is not singular. The critical radius of the fluid sphere, following from this solution does not coincide with the traditional gravitational radius. For the spheres with radii that are less than the critical value, the solution of GRT problem does not exist.
The paper is concerned with the spherically symmetric static problem of the General Relativity Theory (GRT). The classical interior solution of this problem found in 1916 by K. Schwarzschild for a fluid sphere is generalized for a linear elastic isotropic solid sphere. The GRT equations are supplemented with the equation for the stresses which is similar to the compatibility equation of the theory of elasticity and is derived using the principle of minimum complementary energy for an elastic solid. Numerical analysis of the obtained solution is undertaken.
A new construction for gauge invariant functionals in the nonlinearhigher-spin theory is proposed. Being supported by differential forms closed byvirtue of the higher-spin equations, invariant functionals are associated withcentral elements of the higher-spin algebra. In the on-shell $AdS_4$higher-spin theory we identify a four-form conjectured to represent thegenerating functional for $3d$ boundary correlators and a two-form argued tosupport charges for black hole solutions. Two actions for $3d$ boundaryconformal higher-spin theory are associated with the two parity-invarianthigher-spin models in $AdS_4$. The peculiarity of the spinorial formulation ofthe on-shell $AdS_3$ higher-spin theory, where the invariant functional issupported by a two-form, is conjectured to be related to the holomorphicfactorization at the boundary. The nonlinear part of the star-product function$F_*(B(x))$ in the higher-spin equations is argued to lead to divergencies inthe boundary limit representing singularities at coinciding boundary space-timepoints of the factors of $B(x)$, which can be regularized by the pointsplitting. An interpretation of the RG flow in terms of proposed constructionis briefly discussed.
We present a measurements of electron and positron fluxes below thegeomagnetic cutoff rigidity in wide energy range from 50 MeV to several GeV bythe PAMELA magnetic spectrometer. The instrument was launched on June 15th 2006on-board the Resurs-DK satellite on low orbit with 70 degrees inclination andaltitude between 350 and 600 km. The procedure of trajectories calculations inthe geomagnetic field separates stably trapped and albedo components producedin interactions of cosmic ray protons with the residual atmosphere fromgalactic cosmic rays. Features of spatial distributions of secondary electronsand positrons in the near Earth space, including the South Atlantic Anomaly,were investigated.
It is widely known that numerically integrated orbits are more precise thananalytical theories for celestial bodies. However, calculation of the positionsof celestial bodies via numerical integration at time $t$ requires the amountof computer time proportional to $t$, while calculation by analytical series isusually asymptotically faster. The following question then arises: can the precision of numerical theoriesbe combined with the computational speed of analytical ones? We give a negativeanswer to that question for a particular three-body problem known as Sitnikovproblem. A formal problem statement is given for the the initial value problem (IVP)for a system of ordinary dynamical equations. The computational complexity ofthis problem is analyzed. The analysis is based on the result of Alexeyev(1968-1969) about the oscillatory solutions of the Sitnikov problem that havechaotic behavior. We prove that any algorithm calculating the state of thedynamical system in the Sitnikov problem needs to read the initial conditionswith precision proportional to the required point in time (i.e. exponential inthe length of the point's representation). That contradicts the existence of analgorithm that solves the IVP in polynomial time of the length of the input.
Future practical implementation of secure quantum communication technology ina multiuser network environment would require automatic monitoring of theoptical link condition and quantum system parameters, along with adjusting themin real time according to protocol restrictions. We demonstrate howsoftware-defined networking (SDN) paradigm can be used for addressing thisproblem on the example of a subcarrier wave quantum communication system, whichis promising for network applications. We propose a novel approach to dynamicquantum network routing and communication security based on SDN OpenFlowprotocol. SDN-operated dynamic switching between different data encryptionmethods, quantum or classic, will enable to organize virtual encoding channelswith an ability to set the required Quality of Service level forsecurity/bandwidth. These developments will further increase the feasibility ofquantum technologies from the network perspective and contribute to bringingthem to industrial scale.