Solar cells which based on silicon or binary III–V semiconductor compounds and their solid solutions successfully fulfilled their role as the first energy sources in outer space in the 1950s–1990s. Concentrator cascade of solar cells formed as heterostructures, based on InGaAsP solid solutions grown on germanium substrates, ensured progress in improving their main parameters, such as power density, the ratio of power/weight, and the solar cells operating time, however, the cost of photoconverters drastically increased as a result of these improvements. Evidently, the observed steady increase in the number of launched artificial satellites and a tightening of requirements for the size, weight, and cost of space technology have stimulated a continuous increase in demand for high efficiency solar cells, which are fabricated by low cost technologies and, at the same time, feature low weight parameters.The results of measuring the first spectra of relative quantum efficiency for photoconversion in thin film ZnO/CdS/Cu(In, Ga)Se2/Mo solar cells (CIGS solar cells) fabricated on rigid (glass) and flexible (polyimide) substrates are reported. The character of interband transitions has been studied and the values of the band gap for direct and indirect transitions in thin Cu(In, Ga)Se2 films are determined. It is found that a shift of the maximal photosensitivity for the obtained solar cells to shorter wavelengths is observed as rigid substrates are replaced by flexible ones. It is concluded that thin film Cu(In, Ga)Se2 structures can be used as broad band photoconverters of solar radiation with low costs. This study was supported by the contract “Research and Development of Deposition System for CIGS Solar Cell” signed by the Ioffe Physical Technical Institute (Russian Academy of Sciences).
The modern clinical practice is characterized by intensive introduction of innovative technologies for improving treatment and diagnostic procedures, minimizing their impact on the patient, complications rate and economic reasons. One of the priorities in this area is both diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy. The degree of practical use of innovative endoscopic technologies depends on not only the quality of care, but also their economic reasons. Endoscopic treatment has become the method of choice for gastrointestional bleeding, extraction of foreign bodies, obstructive jaundice, polyps of the gastrointestinal tract, achalasia, esophageal strictures, etc. So, the current state of scientific and technical advances have made minimally invasive surgical intervention one of the main direction of development of surgery. The further improvement will be considered integration of minimally invasive and information technologies. The widespread introduction of minimally invasive surgical techniques in clinical practice indicates their undoubted efficiency and availability, especially in the multidisciplinary hospitals that provide various types of specialized high-technological medical care. This allows to embody the principle of multidisciplinary and personalized approach in the treatment of patients. The main result of such practices is to reduce the duration of inpatient treatment, a significant reduction in the degree of invasive impact and risk of surgical interventions, diagnostic interventions and operations in a 'one-day hospital', with a total increase of efficiency of surgical treatment, and with high quality of life of patients.
1Красноярский филиал ФГБУ «Гематологический научный центр» Минздрава России, Красноярск, Россия; 2ФГАОУ ВО «Сибирский федеральный университет», Красноярск, Россия; 3ФГБУН «Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения РАН», Красноярск, Россия; 4ГБОУ ВПО «КрасГМУ им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Минздрава России, Красноярск, Россия; 5МБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница No7», Красноярск, Россия; 6КГБУЗ «Краевая клиническая больница», Красноярск, Россия; 7КГБУЗ «Красноярское краевое патолого-анатомическое бюро», Красноярск, Россия
o investigate the role of heterogeneous fibroblasts in the development of epiretinal membrane in eyes with modeled proliferative vitreoretinopathy.