Journals
2025 EN
Sahu Meenal · Paliwal Tripti · Jain Smita
+5 more
ABSTRACT The most prevalent and bioactive cucurbitacin is Cucurbitacin B (CuB, C 32 H 46 O 8 ), which is a tetracyclic triterpene chiefly present in the Cucurbitaceae family. CuB has a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties namely antioxidant, anticancer, hepatoprotective, anti‐inflammatory, antiviral, hypoglycaemic, insecticidal, and neuroprotective properties, owing to its ability to regulate several signaling pathways, including the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription‐3 (JAK/STAT3), AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), nuclear factor (NF)‐κB, nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor‐2/antioxidant responsive element (Nrf2/ARE), phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K)/Akt, mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK), Hippo‐Yes‐associated protein (YAP), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase‐2A/protein phosphatase‐2A (CIP2A/PP2A), Wnt and Notch pathways. The present review highlights the medicinal attributes of Cucurbitacin B (CuB) with special emphasis on their signaling pathways to provide key evidence of its therapeutic utility in the near future.
Journals
2025 EN
Raj Akriti · Sahu Swapnasagar · Narayani Peddarapu Lakshmi
+3 more
Abstract Photonic quantum technological applications require single photon sources as sources of qubits. Two‐dimensional (2D) material platforms have emerged as deterministic, scalable, and on‐chip integrated sources of single photons. Generation and control of the sources remain challenging yet rewarding research problems. Interfacing the sources with waveguides is a significant task for integrated quantum technological applications such as quantum information processing, quantum cryptography, and quantum networking. In this work, a comprehensive review of the formation and control of single photon sources from 2D materials is presented. The creation and control of these quantum emitters working both at room and low temperatures are critically analyzed. The methodology of deterministic formation and position‐controlled single photon sources are elaborated and pictorially explained. Major single photon sources are compared from various 2D and other resources. In the end, the application of single photons in quantum technological applications such as quantum communications, quantum computation, and quantum sensing are discussed.
Journals
2025 EN
Sahu Subrat · Jacob Colin · Kumar Abhishek
+1 more
Abstract A system is proposed for the efficient coupling of plasmon‐enhanced polarized single photons into a 1D apodized hybrid photonic‐plasmonic (HPP) cavity structure, to realize cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED). The HPP cavity is formed by placing a gold nanorod (GNR) on an apodized 1D photonic crystal (PhC) cavity designed on a diamond waveguide. It is shown that the spontaneous emission of quantum emitters (QE) can be strongly enhanced by utilizing the combination of GNR and Phc cavity structure, leading to the emission of highly polarized and bright single photons. The Purcell factor is numerically estimated as high ≈5303, with a cavity‐enhanced coupling efficiency of up to ≈24.3% and a degree of polarization (DOP) of more than 99%, in the guided modes of the HPP cavity. Under the resonance condition, a 28‐fold increase in enhancement factor in the HPP cavity as compared to a moderate finesse‐based Phc cavity is achieved. The cavity is designed to minimize the losses, resulting in a scattering‐limited Q ‐factor and one‐pass loss estimated to be around 21500 and 0.1%, respectively. This work paves the way to realize quantum photonic devices based on efficient photonic interfaces for on‐chip quantum information processing applications.
Journals
2025 EN
Murmu Satyajit · Srivastava Triranjita · Sahu Subrat
+1 more
Abstract A fiber inline compatible hybrid diamond cavity system manifesting Fano resonance in transmission, as well as emission spectra, is presented. This system comprises a 1D Bragg cavity structured elliptically faceted diamond nanowire coupled to an optical nanowire. The device exhibits ≈47% transmission variation within a wavelength range ≈522 pm with a moderate Q ‐factor ≈1100. The dual supermode‐based photon coupling enables ≈80% photon coupling efficiency. The tunability of the Fano lineshape and the Purcell factor as high as 223 is attained by altering the dipole position of the quantum emitter. Such significantly high Purcell factor results in ≈150 times reduction in the decay time of quantum emitter emission, thereby allowing faster data transmission. It is believed that the proposed hybrid cavity Fano system may provide a new pathway for quantum optical switches, sensors, and applications at a single photon level.
Journals
2025 EN
Shekhar Satyam · Maurya Arvind · Bhattamisra Subrat Kumar
+2 more
ABSTRACT The Envelope (E)‐protein is a key structural element of enveloped viruses that plays a significant role in host‐pathogen interactions, viral growth, and hijacking of host innate immune system. Due to lack of antiviral agents and significant adverse effects and less affordability of vaccines, the E‐protein targeted drug development is gaining critical attention among the researchers. The present review explores the structural and genomic diversities of E‐protein among animal viruses with special interest to flaviviruses, coronaviruses, and herpesviruses. E‐protein's viroporin activity damages host cell membrane and induces inflammation that advances the disease progression. The review also explains the viroporin‐mediated NOD‐like receptor family pyrin domain‐containing 3 (NLRP3), Toll‐like receptors (TLRs), nucleotide‐binding oligomerisation domain (NOD)‐like receptors (NLRs), and retinoic acid‐inducible gene I (RIG‐I)‐like receptors (RLRs)‐linked cellular mechanisms in virus‐mediated inflammation. The E‐protein is considered an alternative promising antiviral target as its functional domain is conserved. This review further enlists the natural, and synthetic inhibitors of E‐protein in the development of antiviral agents based on computational, in vitro, and in vivo studies. The E‐protein's universal conservation ability to fasten to cellular membranes and limited structural data imparts significant challenge to selective drug inhibition. The present review highlights that the E‐protein together with multiple viral factors will boost treatment performance while minimising viral resistance. In addition, broad‐range inhibitors targeting E‐proteins have the potential to produce single treatment solutions in combating viral infections including several viral strains. In conclusion, E‐protein targeted drug would be beneficial in developing potential antiviral agents with high drug specificity, and less viral resistance.
Journals
2025 EN
Sahu Poonam · Fulwani Deepak
ABSTRACT The work proposes an input‐based event‐triggered mechanism with parameterized low‐gain feedback for a discrete‐time system under a network resource‐constrained environment. The control input depends on a parameterϵ q epsilon}_q $$ , which can be adaptively scheduled according to the network conditions. The control input is designed using the seminal concept of low‐gain feedback. Further, we establish an explicit relation between inter‐event time and the control parameter. Stability with the proposed triggering rule is established, and the proposed theory is verified using an active suspension system.
Journals
2025 EN
Sahu Muskan · Alahdal Waleed M. · Baatwah Saeed Rabea
+1 more
ABSTRACT This study focuses on the impact of renewable energy adoption on the sustainable development of OECD countries and how country‐level governance can influence this relationship. Using OECD data from the World Bank database for the period 2000–2021, our findings indicate that, while renewable energy adoption is generally linked to higher sustainable development goals, its effectiveness diminishes in countries with stronger governance. These findings remain consistent across the various robustness checks. Using cross‐sectional analyses, we further show that the impact of renewable energy adoption on sustainable development is more pronounced in countries with common law legal systems, in the post‐Paris Agreement period, and in countries with higher economic development. However, the results on the moderating role of country‐level governance on the association between renewable energy and sustainable goals vary significantly across countries based on the factors of heterogeneity. Thus, our findings indicate that balanced governance can encourage countries to harness the beneficial effects of adopting renewable energy, promote sustainable development, and address climate change challenges.
Journals
2025 EN
Alahdal Waleed M. · Abidin Ahmad Firdhauz Zainul · Sahu Muskan
+2 more
ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance on sustainable development goals (SDGs) disclosure, considering the moderating role of regulatory quality (REQ) across 28 OECD countries from 2017 to 2022. This study employed a list of estimation methods, such as the random effect and fixed effect method, Driscoll–Kraay standard error, two‐stage least squares, and generalized method of moments for robustness checks. The analysis confirms that ESG performance significantly promotes SDG disclosure, while REQ negatively moderates this relationship. These findings highlight the nuanced influence of regulatory frameworks on sustainability and offer practical implications for both policymakers and businesses. This research contributes to the literature by exploring the intersection of ESG, regulation, and SDG transparency.
Journals
2025 EN
Mukherjee Rimi · Talukdar Debojit · Mukherjee Poulami
+10 more
Abstract Carica papaya (CP) is an herbaceous succulent plant extensively used in Asian folk medicine. CP leaves were utilized in the study for rapid eco‐friendly biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (CP‐AgNP). The CP‐AgNP obtained was spherical (scanning electron microscope images) with a size of 26.5 ± 3.45 nm as evident from transmission electron microscope images with a Zeta Potential of −50 mV. TNBC cell line MDA‐MB 231 was treated with various doses of CP and CP‐AgNP to determine the IC 50 values of 2.4 mg/mL and 15.13 µg/mL, respectively. Cell cycle analysis disclosed a G2/M arrest upon administration of the treatments. The tubulin depolymerization potential of the treatments affirmed perturbation of tubulin polymerization instigated the apoptosis by ROS induction. Further testing of the treatments in an in vivo and patient‐derived ex vivo culture platform elicited tumor growth reduction. The current study identified a few probable tubulin‐disrupting candidates in our crude CP extract through molecular docking. Some of the major challenges of the cancer drug delivery addressed by our nanoformulation are increased stability, higher levels of biocompatibility, and reduced toxicity. Our data supports that modifications coupled with targeted delivery of CP‐AgNP can act as a novel anticancer therapeutic.
Journals
2025 EN
Shukla Shweta · Sahu Jyoti · Karvembu Ramasamy
Abstract Terephthalic acid (TPA) has been extracted from waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles, which has been used to prepare the Sn‐based catalyst precursors. The precursors were calcined to obtain SnO 2 catalysts. SnO 2 catalysts have been synthesized using microwave synthesizer [SnO 2 (M)] and oil bath reflux setup [SnO 2 (O)]. For comparison, a catalyst has been prepared without using TPA extracted from PET waste, [SnO 2 (C)]. The catalysts were characterized by various techniques such as X‐ray diffraction (XRD), N 2 adsorption–desorption analysis, Fourier transform‐infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), field emission transmission electron microscopy (FETEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, and CO 2 ‐temperature programmed desorption (CO 2 TPD) analysis. The catalysts were found to be crystalline in nature and in tetragonal rutile phase. SnO 2 (M) was found to have the highest Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 179.05 m 2 /g. Further, SnO 2 (M) displayed stronger adsorption property towards CO 2 . Electrochemical characterization of the catalysts was done using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and chronoamperometry techniques. The synthesized catalysts were explored for their performance towards CO 2 electrochemical reduction to formate using a H‐shaped electrochemical cell. Among the catalysts, SnO 2 (M) showed the lowest onset potential −1.41 V (versus Ag/AgCl) and highest double layer capacitance (0.0076 mF/cm 2 ). SnO 2 (M) also exhibited the highest Faradaic efficiency (FE Formate ) of 78.2% in 1 h at −1.7 V (versus Ag/AgCl) with the current density of 15 mA/cm 2 . The catalysts were found to be electrochemically stable for 1 h.