Journals
2025 EN
Sahu Swastik Subhankar · Khatib Mahalaqua Nazli · MM Rekha
+16 more
ABSTRACT Background Eating disorders (EDs) are significant comorbidities in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs), yet they are often under recognized. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to synthesise existing evidence on the prevalence of EDs in SSD populations and to explore potential moderators such as geographical location and diagnostic tools. Methods We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase and Web of Science for studies reporting the prevalence of EDs in individuals with SSDs. Subgroup analyses examined the influence of geographical location and screening tools on prevalence estimates. Sensitivity analyses and a funnel plot were used to assess the robustness of the findings and potential publication bias. Results A total of 13 studies, comprising 1135 participants, were included in the review, with 12 studies contributing to the meta‐analysis using R v4.4. The pooled prevalence of EDs in individuals with SSDs was 15.65% (95% CI: 8.04–28.26), with a prediction interval ranging from 1.62% to 67.66%. Subgroup analysis by geographical location revealed substantial variability, with prevalence estimates ranging from 5.88% in Southern Europe to 28.99% in the Middle East and North Africa. Studies using questionnaire‐based tools reported a higher pooled prevalence (19.25%) compared to those employing DSM‐based diagnostic criteria (11.90%). Significant heterogeneity was observed across studies ( I 2 = 87%). Conclusions This study highlights the considerable prevalence of EDs in SSD populations, emphasising the need for early identification and integrated care. The variability in prevalence estimates suggests that geographical, cultural and methodological factors play an important role in the findings. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies, the development of standardized diagnostic tools, and the inclusion of underrepresented regions to enhance understanding and improve care for this vulnerable population.
Journals
2025 EN
Aravind Rudrarapu · Sahu Akash Kumar · Pavuluri Naga Lakshmi
+2 more
ABSTRACT In this study, we report the synthesis, characterization, and thermal behavior of sodium hydroxide based two manganese‐phosphate nanocrystallite composites, MnPNa 1 = Mn 2 (PO 4 )OH. 0.2H 3 PO 4 . 0.1NaOH.H 2 O (calcined) and MnPNa 2 = Mn 2 (PO 4 )OH. 2H 2 O. 0.8H 3 PO 4 . 0.1NaOH. H 2 O (non‐calcined), and the molecular weights of the composites are estimated to be 247.40 and 360.20 g/mol, respectively. Comprehensive characterization was carried out, which includes elemental analysis, X‐ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, derivative thermogravimetry, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT‐IR) Spectrometry, and scanning electron microscopy. Confirmation of the different functional groups within the composites was done through FT‐IR analysis. Differential scanning calorimetry analyses revealed distinct thermal behaviors: MnPNa 1 exhibited consistent exothermic properties, making it suitable as a heat dissipation material (HDM) with high stability across a broad temperature range. In contrast, MnPNa 2 displayed a high specific heat capacity (Cp) of 1.23 J/g·K, highlighting its potential as a sensible heat storage material. The crystallinity of MnPNa 1 (89.83%) further supports its stability and application in heat dissipation technologies, while MnPNa 2 's smaller crystallite size enhances its surface interactions for efficient heat storage. The crystallite sizes of MnPNa 1 and MnPNa 2 are found to be 25.5 and 18.8 nm, respectively.
Journals
2025 EN
Sao Arun Kumar · Arora Arun · Sahu Mukesh Kumar
ABSTRACT This study analyzes the impact of using single and multiple circular phase change materials (PCMs) to enhance the performance of an air‐conditioning (AC) unit. The technique involves attaching a heat exchanger containing cold energy storage PCM to the air conditioner's condenser. During the daytime, warm surrounding air is cooled and transmitted to the condenser of the air‐conditioning system. The computational study is conducted using the SST k –ω turbulence model. The air inlet temperature to the PCM is kept at 308.15 K, and the air flow rate is kept constant at 49 L/s. The findings indicate that, during the discharging process, the complete melting time for the multi‐circular PCM increases by almost 72% compared to the single‐circular PCM. Temperature contours reveal that turbulence happens in the solid zone, primarily at higher temperatures, within the PCM melting region. This suggests enhanced convection in this region. The fall in the outlet air temperature is greater for the multi‐circular PCM relative to the single‐circular PCM. The coefficient of performance (COP) increases by approximately 87.57% for the multi‐circular PCM system and 7.60% for the single‐circular PCM unit during summer. The power saved by the single‐circular PCM is about 0.3792 W for 6 h of operation, while the multi‐circular PCM saves approximately 4.3821 W.
Journals
2025 EN
Sahu Kalicharan · Singh Manoj Kumar · Niranjan Maheshwari
+1 more
ABSTRACT The beneficiation of the plant is majorly crucial for both the environment and human life. The crops do trouble from disorders like other species. Various plant leaf disorders happen and trouble the general growth of the crop. These crop leaf disorders are troubles the entire plant consisting flower, root, stem, and leaf. The plant leaf disorders are mostly not taken care of by the farmers so that the crop dies or can create the cause of fruits, flowers and leave a drop. Significant detection of these disorders is essential for detecting and takes preventive measures of plant leaf disorders. The research of plant leaf disorders, procedures, and their causes for handling and managing is known as plant pathology. However, the conventional model encloses the involvement of humans in the identification and categorization of crop leaf disorders. This approach is expensive and consumes more time. It is highly essential to design a new multi‐plant leaf disorder categorization model to tackle the above‐mentioned complexities. At first, the multi‐plant leaf pictures are obtained from online sources and they are offered to the abnormality segmentation phase. Here, the abnormality presented in the multi‐plant leaf image is segmented by adaptive TransUNet, where the parameters are optimized by the developed Mean Position of Sheep Flock and Cuckoo Search (MPSFCS). Further, the abnormality segmented images are offered to the multi‐plant leaf disease classification phase. In this phase, the multi‐plant leaf disorders are categorized by utilizing Hybrid Atrous Convolution based Networks of DenseNet and Residual Attenuation Network (HACDRAN), and their parameters are optimized by the developed MPSFCS to offer effective multi‐plant leaf disease classified outcome. Thus, the developed multi‐plant leaf disease classification model provides a better functionality rate than the conventional methods with multiple analyses.
Journals
2025 EN
Sharma Nitin · Sahu Sanjeev Kumar · Verma Pankaj
+4 more
ABSTRACT Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disorder characterized by persistent inflammation and excessive keratinocyte proliferation. Although conventional immunosuppressive therapies are clinically effective, their long‐term use is often associated with adverse side effects, highlighting the need for safer alternative treatments. Euphorbia neriifolia , a traditional medicinal plant known for its anti‐inflammatory properties, has been investigated for its potential anti‐psoriatic activity. In the present study, molecular docking was performed to evaluate the binding affinities of key phytoconstituents from E. neriifolia against interleukin‐17A (IL‐17A; PDB ID: 5HI4), a major cytokine implicated in psoriasis pathogenesis. Docking analysis revealed that compounds such as Taraxerol, Glutinol acetate, and Epifriedelanol showed the highest binding affinities, with scores of −10.3, −10.0, and −10.0 kcal/mol, respectively, surpassing the reference drug methotrexate (−9.2 kcal/mol). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further supported the electronic stability and reactivity of the top‐ranked compounds, indicating their potential suitability as bioactive leads. The integration of docking and DFT results highlights the novelty of this study, as E. neriifolia phytochemicals have not been extensively explored against IL‐17A compared to other medicinal plants studied for psoriasis. The in vitro biological activity of the plant extract was also evaluated by using the L929 fibroblast bioassay, and the IC 50 value was found to be 168.18 μg/mL. Overall, the findings suggest that selected phytochemicals from E. neriifolia exhibit promising interactions with IL‐17A, supporting their possible therapeutic role in psoriasis. These findings support further mechanistic and in vivo studies to validate IL‐17A inhibition.
Journals
2025 EN
Sharma Akhalesh · Kothari Rohit · Saxena Vivek
+1 more
Abstract This study presents a novel approach to investigating the combined influence of fin position and shape on the constrained melting behavior of phase change material (PCM) within a spherical capsule (S.C.) through numerical analysis. Unlike previous research, which predominantly focused on single fin shapes or positions, this work uniquely explores the impact of double, simple, and easily manufacturable fin shapes. A two‐dimensional computational model employing the enthalpy–porosity method assesses melting behavior, temperature distribution, and PCM flow. Numerous fin shapes, namely rectangular, trapezoidal converging, trapezoidal diverging stepped, inverse stepped, and triangular, are considered in the analysis. The study reports the influence of the location of two identically shaped fins on the thermal performance. The fins' cross‐sectional area and base thickness are kept equal in all cases. The thermal performance of an S.C.‐integrated fin system is evaluated by analyzing various attributes such as total saving in the duration of melting, enhancement ratio, and Nusselt number. The results indicate that the position of the fins has a more significant impact on melting performance than the fin shape. The best performance is achieved when fins are placed in the lower half of the capsule, followed by the center and upper halves, regardless of fin shape. For rectangular fins, shifting the position of the fin from the bottom half to the center increases the melting time by 24.7% and the top half by 68.3%. The shortest melting time of 93 min is observed for lower‐half rectangular fins, followed by center‐placed triangular fins (94 min). This study offers a theoretical foundation for optimizing the performance of different technologies using latent heat thermal energy storage systems such as packed‐bed, cascaded thermal energy storage systems.
Journals
2025 EN
Kumar Mahesh · Sahu Vishal · Yadav Shravan
+1 more
ABSTRACT An even‐span greenhouse groundnuts dryer having a reflective north wall has been developed and tested under passive and active modes. The effects of varying sample mass (580, 880, and 1180 g) on the thermal and enviro‐economic performance indicators of the dryer have been investigated. The Nusselt number expression, embodied energy (EE), and capital cost ( C c ) were used for thermal, environmental, and economic assessment of the dryer. The drying behavior of the groundnuts samples has also been estimated using the moisture ratio in drying models. Thermal indicators were observed to increase with increased sample mass and were found higher under active mode. The values of EE and C c of the dryer under passive and active modes were 145.24 and 158.42 kWh, and INR 1257.11 and INR 2157.11, respectively. Enviro‐economic indicators were also observed to improve with increased sample mass and were comparable for both the passive and active modes. The moisture ratio for all the samples shows an excellent fit with the Midilli–Kucuk model. An average Midilli–Kucuk model has been recommended to predict the drying behavior of groundnuts in the developed greenhouse dryer.
Journals
2025 EN
Sahu Digbash · Deka Rudra Kanta
ABSTRACT This study investigates the dynamics of unsteady MHD parabolic flow along an infinite vertical plate, with a focus on the impacts of thermal and mass stratification under periodic temperature variations and variable mass diffusion. Utilizing the Laplace transform technique for deriving exact solutions, this research innovatively integrates both thermal and mass stratification effects without resorting to approximations. The main objective is to assess how these stratifications influence flow dynamics, temperature, and concentration profiles in environments with varying magnetic fields. The study contrasts these findings against classical non‐stratification cases, offering a detailed comparison of fluid behavior under different conditions. Results indicate that thermal and mass stratifications substantially decrease velocity and stabilize temperature profiles, pointing to a damping effect on fluid motion while also controlling diffusion processes. These stratifications lead to higher Nusselt and Sherwood numbers, suggesting improved heat and mass transfer efficiencies. In contrast, the absence of stratification results in higher velocities and less stable temperature and concentration distributions. The findings underscore the significant role of stratification in optimizing fluid dynamics and enhancing the efficiency of heat and mass transfer processes, providing crucial insights for engineering and environmental applications where such conditions prevail.
Journals
2025 EN
Sahu Pragati P. · Jha Prashant K. · Swain Abhilas
+2 more
ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of coco glucoside, a bio‐surfactant, on heat transfer during pool boiling experiments with acetone, methanol, and ethanol using a smooth copper surface. Solutions containing coco glucoside were tested at concentrations of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mL per 100 mL of fluid (500, 1000, and 1500 ppm). The research focused on heat transfer coefficients (HTC), bubble formation, and surface temperatures to assess how coco glucoside influences heat transfer efficiency. The results are presented in terms of wall superheat and boiling HTC with respect to heat flux and concentration of coco‐glucoside. The results indicate that coco glucoside enhances heat transfer efficiency in acetone and methanol when used at concentrations up to 1000 ppm. Specifically, the maximum HTC observed at the 1 mL concentration of surfactant was 12,121 W/m²K for acetone and 8185 W/m²K for methanol, representing improvements of 11% and 26%, respectively, compared to pure liquids. These improvements are attributed to lower surface tension and enhanced bubble nucleation. However, at a concentration of 1500 ppm, a decrease in HTC was noted, likely due to micelle formation. In contrast, ethanol exhibited a continuous increase in HTC with rising coco glucoside concentration, achieving a 35% improvement at 1500 ppm. Additionally, the study explored predicting HTC using machine learning algorithms. K‐nearest neighbors (KNNs) and random forest models were evaluated. KNN achieved an R ² of 0.9895 and a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 7.495% for acetone, while random forest (RF) showed an R ² of 0.9785 and a MAPE of 12.01% for ethanol. These findings demonstrate the potential of coco glucoside in improving heat transfer and the effectiveness of machine learning in optimizing thermal management processes.
Journals
2025 EN
Sahu Digbash · Deka Rudra Kanta · Das Pappu
+1 more
ABSTRACT This study analytically investigates the impact of thermal stratification on unsteady magnetohydrodynamic flow along an infinite vertical plate in a porous medium, incorporating chemical reaction, radiation, and heat source. Using the Laplace transform method, exact solutions for velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles were derived, offering a novel approach without approximations. Results show that increased stratification significantly reduces velocity and temperature profiles, with peak velocity decreasing by approximately 35% compared with the nonstratified case (γ = 0). Higher radiation and Darcy number enhance heat transfer, as reflected in an increased Nusselt number. These findings offer critical insights for optimizing thermal and mass transfer systems in industrial applications, such as cooling processes, energy optimization, and pollution control.