To verify if the Bio-Manguinhos 17DD yellow fever vaccine (17DD-YFV) used in lower doses is as immunogenic and safe as the current formulation.
The potential applications of neural stem cells (NSC) in the therapy of degenerative and traumatic diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) have aroused great scientific interest. NSCs can be recovered from specific areas of the CNS from fetuses, embryos and from adult brain as well, and under appropriate culture conditions, may be induced to differentiate into the three major neural cell types, neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. The main neurogenic areas of mammals are the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus, yet other areas of neurogenic potential have been identified, including frontal and parietal cortices, hippocampus and lateral wall of the lateral ventricle. Neural stem cells and differentiated neural cells are usually identified by expression of specific markers, proteins that are expressed by different cell types and/or at different stages of differentiation. The main cell markers are nestin and Sox-2 for undifferentiated NSCs, beta-III tubulin (B-III tubulin) for neurons, Galactocerebroside (GalC) for oligodendrocytes and Glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) for astrocytes. In general, the main neurogenic areas, the neurogenic potential of NSC and the morphological and biological characteristics of differentiated neural cells are strikingly similar among species, yet some differences have been reported. This article presents a brief review of NSCs, neurogenic areas and techniques used for their identification and characterization in humans and experimental animals.</span
Farnesyl caffeate, synthesis of propolis and polar bud excretion, has been reported to exhibit anti-allergic effects in mice. However, little is known about anti-tumor effects. In this study, we investigated the effect of Farnesyl caffeate in cell proliferation of lung carcinoma cell line (H157). Antiproliferative effect and apoptosis on H157 cell were evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay (MTT) and DNA fragmentation assay, respectively. Farnesyl caffeate inhibited the growth of H157 cell in dose-dependent manner. Morphological changes of nuclei by staining Hoechst 33258 and DNA fragmentation suggested that Farnesyl caffeate induced death involved in a mechanism of apoptosis. Moreover, caspase-3, caspase-7 and caspase-9 were activated by Farnesyl caffeate on H157 cell. The protein expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 were down-regulated by Farnesyl caffeate, resulting in cytochrome c release from the mitochondria. Farnesyl caffeate significantly increased the expression of p53 proteins which indicates that p53 plays a pivotal role in the initiation phase of Farnesyl caffeate-induced HepG2 cell apoptosis. These results demonstrated Farnesyl caffeate-induced apoptosis in human lung carcinoma cell line. More detailed mechanism of Farnesyl caffeate-induced H157 apoptosis remains to be elucidated.
In order to better understand vitamin D3 in cattle metabolism, we quantified 1alpha-HYD and 24-HYD gene expression. In the kidneys of 35 male Nellore cattle, these were divided into a control group and two treatment groups (2 x 10(6) international units of vitamin D3 administered for 2 or 8 consecutive days pre-slaughter). Vitamin D3 supplementation resulted in a significant increase in 1alpha-HYD gene expression; however, significantly increased 24-HYD gene expression was only detected in cattle that had 8 days of supplementation. The finding of upregulation of 24-HYD due to vitamin D supplementation is in line with the expected rise in 24,25-di-hydroxy-vitamin D3 synthesis observed when plasma vitamin D3 concentrations are high, stimulating excretion by the organism. On the other hand, upregulation of 1alpha-HYD was unexpected, since vitamin D3 supplementation has been reported to impact these two genes in opposite directions. We conclude that vitamin D3 metabolism in these animals is more complex than previously reported.
We determined the prevalence of seven clinically important pathogens that cause sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis, herpes simplex virus 1 [HSV-1], HSV-2, and Treponema pallidum), by using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR) in samples from Brazilian woman infected with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and uninfected Brazilian women (controls). The M-PCR assay identified all STIs tested for and surprisingly, occurred association between the control and STIs. This association was probably caused by excellent HIV infection control and regular monitoring in these women established by public health strategies in Brazil to combat HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Studies using this M-PCR in different populations may help to better elucidate the roles of STIs in several conditions.
To determine the influence of onchocercal eye disease on the intraocular pressure of the Yanomami Tribe Aratha-ú of Roraima State, Brazil, considered endemic for onchocerciasis, a total of 86 patients were submitted to an ophthalmologic exam that included external examination, slit lamp examination, intraocular pressure measurement, and a fundus ophthalmoscope examination. A high prevalence of onchocerciasis-related eye lesions was encountered in 68.6% of the patients. Punctate keratitis and microfilariae in the anterior chamber were found in ∼28%. The mean of intraocular eye pressure found was 10.47 mm of Hg.
Objetivo principal: determinar el efecto y aplicabilidad de las preces intercesoras (PI) para el cuidado de la salud. Metodología: Revisión sistemática en las bases de datos PubMed y CINAHL con la pregunta: "¿Cuál es el efecto de las preces intercesoras en la recuperación de la salud de las personas en tratamiento médico?". Los criterios de inclusión adoptados fueron: ensayos clínicos publicados en los últimos diez años, con resumen en línea disponible, escritos en portugués, español o inglés. Resultados principales: Se incluyeron ocho artículos, en los que cinco de ellos, las PI no mostraron resultados estadísticamente significativos, dos tuvieron un efecto positivo y un artículo de efecto negativo. Conclusión principal: La literatura carece de evidencia científica sobre los efectos de las PI para el cuidado de la salud. Se debe investigar el efecto de PI en estudios futuros, utilizando un protocolo de aplicación de la oración