O texto faz uma discussao sobre a relacao entre a ampliacao do acesso a escola e o carater da escola enquanto instrumentalizadora do interesse emancipatorio das camadas populares. Historicamente, a ampliacao da consciencia do direito a escola nasultimas decadas esta totalmente associada a luta pela melhoria das condicoes basicas desobrevivencia, ou seja, as condicoes sociais, economicas e politicas. O que queremos ressaltar e que nao se pode isolar a escola do contexto historico e dos movimentos sociais, sob pena de proceder a uma analise parcial e fragmentada do processo educacional. O fortalecimento da escola enquanto um ente a servico dos interesses populares passa justamente pela luta para abertura dos muros da escola a comunidade. Propomos pensarnos individuos na sua integralidade levando em consideracao os processos de humanizacao. Para tanto, parcerias entre a educacao formal e educacao nao-formal representam um caminho fertil para promover o desenvolvimento humano. Assim e necessario que se faca da escola um espaco de transformacao e que as escolas funcionem como centros de referencia nas suas regioes de influencia.
SERPINB3 (SB3) is a serine protease inhibitor overexpressed in several malignancies of epithelial origin, including primary liver cancer, where it inhibits apoptosis through poorly defined mechanisms. In the present study we analyze the effect of SB3 on hepatoma cell death elicited by a panel of chemotherapeutic agents. We report that SB3 shields cells from the toxicity of drugs with a pro-oxidant action such as doxorubicin, cisplatin and EM20-25. The rapid rise in ROS levels prompted by these compounds causes opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP), irreversibly committing cells to death. We find that a fraction of SB3 locates in mitochondrial inner compartments, and that this mitochondrial fraction increases under conditions of oxidative stress. Mitochondrial SB3 inhibits ROS generation and the ensuing PTP induction and cell death through an inhibitory interaction with respiratory Complex I. These findings identify a novel mechanism of action of SB3 that contributes to tumor cell resistance to anti-neoplastic drugs.
Objetivo. El presente documento tiene dos objetivos: presentar un instrumento mediante el cual las organizaciones puedan medir su capital humano y proporcionar evidencia empirica sobre el capital humano en la empresa Efigas S.A. E.S.P, en el marco conceptual del capital intelectual. Metodologia. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo y descriptivo, de corte empirico-analitico, desarrollado bajo la metodologia del estudio de caso, mediante el cual se identifico, midio y analizo el capital humano de Efigas en tres periodos anuales sucesivos. Resultados. Las organizaciones, como en el caso de Efigas, pueden medir cuantitativamente su capital humano y, por esta via, comprender su dinamica, para optimizar la gestion de sus activos intangibles. En la empresa estudiada, el capital humano constituye una fortaleza, dado el alto nivel de experiencia, formacion, satisfaccion y competencias de su personal y su correcta utilizacion en pro del funcionamiento y los resultados del negocio.
Este ensayo analiza críticamente algunos pasajes en la obra del lingüista alemán Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767-1835), que afectan al intento de definición del objeto de la reflexión sobre la palabra y plantean, a su vez, la problemática que implica la reflexión del lenguaje sobre sí mismo: ni el objeto ni las relaciones entre los conceptos metodológicos pueden ser definidos inequívocamente, y esto conduce a momentos aporéticos.
This study evaluated the efficiency of a toothbrush holder to prevent contamination of toothbrushes used by preschool children. For that, the sample was composed by children 6 years old, enrolled in an educational and recreational center in Araraquara/SP, and divided into 3 groups: G1: same continuing routine storage toothbrushes, G2: children received only a new toothbrush holder for storage; G3: they received new toothbrushes holder for storage and solution of chlorhexidine digluconate to 0.12% to dabble in the toothbrush after use. After brushing their teeth, toothbrushes were collected for microbiological analysis. The data were analyzed using the distribution of frequencies. It was observed that, in general, higher prevalence of the microorganism in the toothbrushes was Streptococcus viridans (58.97%), followed by Estafilococcus (35.90%), the bacillus of air (28.21%) and Neisseria mucosa (5.13%). Evaluating frequency, it was noted that the contamination presented by Streptococcus is higher in G1 when compared to G2 and G3, while for Estafilococcus, the presence was more significant in G3. Thus, it was concluded that the use of new toothbrushes holder able to avoid direct contact between brushes and allow drying without smothering could be an excellent alternative to educational institutions that require the storage group.
Japan is no exception among developed countries facing healthcare system problems due to aging and low birthrate as the number of possible patients increases and health care worker numbers shrink. The introduction of high tech medicine has increased the amount of knowledge to be learned by novice nurses. Although vast amounts of implicit knowledge have accumulated among nursing practitioners, this knowledge needs to be communicated when hospitals train younger generations of nurses and integrate nursing guidelines among multiple hospitals. In this paper, the authors have proposed an activity model called CHARM – the Convincing Human Action Rationalized Model. CHARM was developed to resolve the diverse needs of hospitals. CHARM explicates multidimensional purpose-oriented procedure relations often existing as implicit knowledge. For this reason, CHARM supports the training and education of novice nurses. CHARM also is used as a tool to integrate different knowledge and work procedures tacitly existing among different organizations. We developed CHARM models according to nursing guidelines of hospitals and applied them to the integration of nursing procedures at two hospitals. Based on these CHARM models, 12 differences were found among the two guidelines covering the same procedure for different hospitals. CHARM is being evaluated at these hospitals and positive responses are coming from nurses.
We tried to synthesize FAU zeolite from alumonoborosilicate glass used in liquid crystal displays, of which the discard volume is supposed to increase in the near future. The effect of hydrothermal process factor on the synthesis of FAU zeolite using aluminoborosilicate glass, which is poorly alkaline-soluble, was investigated. From X-ray diffraction, with increasing aging time before hydrothermal treatment, the production of FAU zeolite increased, whereas, that of zeolite P decreased. From inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, the concentration of Si in the solution increased and that of Al decreased during aging. This indicates that aluminosilicate was generated from Si from aluminoborosilicate glass and Al from sodium aluminate. With aging time, generated aluminosilicate was aged, resulting in preferential synthesis of FAU zeolite. From scanning electron microscopy, increasing aging time resulted in a small crystal particle size of the synthesized FAU zeolite. At higher aging temperature than room temperature, the dissolution of aluminoborosilicate glass was accelerated, zeolite P increased. When NaOH concentration of aqueous solution decreased, zeolite A was synthesized. This indicates that aluminoborosilicate glass did not elute substantially, therefore low silica zeolite was generated. At higher NaOH concentration, FAU zeolite was generated because Na ion stabilized FAU zeolite and more Si eluted from aluminoborosilicate glass. Zeolite P which is a stable phase was generated when hydrothermal treatment temperature was high and treatment time became long. From nitrogen adsorption/ desorption measurements, the microstructure of the obtained product was almost the same as the pure FAU zeolite. We clarified the potential of aluminoborosilicate glass as a starting material of FAU zeolite, widely used in catalysts, adsorbents, gas separation agents and so on.
In the central savannah (Cerrados) region of Brazil approximately 50 Mha are occupied by Brachiaria pastures, most of which are classified as degraded. There are few reliable data on soil C stocks under planted pastures in this region and how soil C has been affected by their establishment and subsequent decline in productivity. This study was performed to compare soil C stocks under native Cerrado vegetation (NV) and productive (PP) and degraded pastures (DP) at four sites (chronosequences). Soil texture, bulk density, and 13 C abundance were investigated as candidate indicators for validation of the chronosequences. Productivity of the pastures at each site was evaluated using forage regrowth, existing and deposited litter, and the light fraction of soil organic matter (SOM). At all sites, the soil C stocks were higher under the PP than under the neighboring NV, and stocks under the DP were intermediate or very similar to the stocks under the NV. Soil 13 C abundance and C to N ratio suggested that SOM derived from NV was lost at a very low rate except in the surface layers (0–20 cm) and that soil C lost as pastures declined in productivity was principally derived from the pasture grass Brachiaria. The difference between soil C stocks under NV and PP was only 6 to 7 Mg C ha ‐1 at two sites with lower clay content (11 and 16%, respectively) but reached 12 Mg C ha ‐1 at Site C (46% clay) and 47 Mg C ha ‐1 at Site D (67% clay).