Photometric properties and luminosity function of nearby massive early-type galaxies

We perform photometric analyses for a bright early-type galaxy (ETG) samplewith 2949 galaxies ($M_{\rm r}Bernardi et al. (2010). These resultsmay significantly alleviate the tension in the assembly of massive galaxiesbetween observations and predictions of the hierarchical structure formationmodel.

A study of fundamental limitations to statistical detection of redshifted HI from the epoch of reionization

In this paper we explore for the first time the relative magnitudes of threefundamental sources of uncertainty, namely, foreground contamination, thermalnoise and sample variance in detecting the HI power spectrum from the Epoch ofReionization (EoR). We derive limits on the sensitivity of a Fourier synthesistelescope to detect EoR based on its array configuration and a statisticalrepresentation of images made by the instrument. We use the Murchison WidefieldArray (MWA) configuration for our studies. Using a unified framework forestimating signal and noise components in the HI power spectrum, we derive anexpression for and estimate the contamination from extragalactic point-likesources in three-dimensional k-space. Sensitivity for EoR HI power spectrumdetection is estimated for different observing modes with MWA. With 1000 hoursof observing on a single field using the 128-tile MWA, EoR detection isfeasible (S/N > 1 for $k\lesssim 0.8$ Mpc$^{-1}$). Bandpass shaping andrefinements to the EoR window are found to be effective in containingforeground contamination, which makes the instrument tolerant to imagingerrors. We find that for a given observing time, observing many independentfields of view does not offer an advantage over a single field observation whenthermal noise dominates over other uncertainties in the derived power spectrum.

No evidence for a dependence of the mass size relation of early-type galaxies on environment in the local Universe

The early--type galaxy (ETG) mass--size relation has been largely studied tounderstand how these galaxies have assembled their mass. One key observationalresult of the last years is that massive galaxies increased their size by afactor of a few at fixed stellar mass from $z\sim2$. Hierarchical models favorminor mergers as a plausible driver of this size growth. Some of these models,predict a significant environmental dependence in the sense that galaxiesresiding in more massive halos tend to be larger than galaxies in lower masshalos, at fixed stellar mass and redshift. At present, observational results ofthis environmental dependence have been contradictory. In this paper we revisitthis issue in the local Universe, by investigating how the sizes of massiveETGs depend on large-scale environment using an updated and accurate sample ofETGs in different environments - field, group, clusters - from the SloanDigital Sky Survey DR7. Our analysis does not show any significantenvironmental dependence of the sizes of central and satellites ETGs at fixedstellar mass at $z\sim0$. The size-mass relation of early-type galaxies at$z\sim0$ seems to be universal, i.e., independent of the mass of the host haloand of the position of the galaxy in that halo (central or satellite). Theresult is robust to different galaxy selections based on star formation,morphology or central density. In fact, considering our observational errorsand the size of the sample, any size ratio larger than $30-40%$ between massivegalaxies ($log(M_*/M_\odot)>11$) living in clusters and in the field can beruled out at $3\sigma$ level.

Experimental and theoretical results on electron emission in collisions between partially dressed ions with He targets

The Murchison Widefield Array: solar science with the low frequency SKA Precursor

The Murchison Widefield Array is a low frequency (80 - 300 MHz) SKAPrecursor, comprising 128 aperture array elements (known as tiles) distributedover an area of 3 km diameter. The MWA is located at the extraordinarily radioquiet Murchison Radioastronomy Observatory in the mid-west of WesternAustralia, the selected home for the Phase 1 and Phase 2 SKA low frequencyarrays. The MWA science goals include: 1) detection of fluctuations in thebrightness temperature of the diffuse redshifted 21 cm line of neutral hydrogenfrom the epoch of reionisation; 2) studies of Galactic and extragalacticprocesses based on deep, confusion-limited surveys of the full sky visible tothe array; 3) time domain astrophysics through exploration of the variableradio sky; and 4) solar imaging and characterisation of the heliosphere andionosphere via propagation effects on background radio source emission. Thispaper concentrates on the capabilities of the MWA for solar science andsummarises some of the solar science results to date, in advance of the initialoperation of the final instrument in 2013.

Tight Correlations Between Massive Galaxy Structural Properties and Dynamics: The Mass Fundamental Plane Was in Place by z~2

The Fundamental Plane (FP) is an empirical relation between the size, surfacebrightness, and velocity dispersion of early-type galaxies. This relation hasbeen studied extensively for early-type galaxies in the local universe toconstrain galaxy formation mechanisms. The evolution of the zeropoint of thisplane has been extended to high redshifts to study the luminosity evolution ofmassive galaxies, under the assumption of structural homology. In this work, weassess this assumption by replacing surface brightness with stellar massdensity and present the evolution of the "mass FP" for massive, quiescentgalaxies since z~2. By accounting for stellar populations, we thereby isolateand trace structural and dynamical evolution. Despite the observed dramaticevolution in the sizes and morphologies of massive galaxies since z~3, we findthat quiescent galaxies lie on the mass FP out to z~2. In contrast with ~1.4dex evolution in the luminosity FP, average residuals from the z~0 mass FP areless than ~0.15 dex since z~2. Assuming the Hyde & Bernardi (2009) mass FPslope, we find that this minimal offset scales as (1+z)^{-0.095+/-0.043}. Thisresult lends credence to previous studies that derived luminosity evolutionfrom the FP. Therefore, despite their compact sizes and suggestions thatmassive galaxies are more disk-like at z~2, the relationship between theirdynamics and structural properties are consistent with local early-typegalaxies. Finally, we find no strong evidence for a tilt of the mass FPrelative to the Virial plane, but emphasize the need for full models includingselection biases to fully investigate this issue.

DHFR 19-bp Deletion and SHMT C1420T Polymorphisms and Metabolite Concentrations of the Folate Pathway in Individuals with Down Syndrome

Down syndrome (DS) results from the presence and expression of three copies of the genes located on chromosome 21. Studies have shown that, in addition to overexpression of the Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) gene, polymorphisms in genes involved in folate/homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism may also influence the concentrations of metabolites of this pathway.

A deubiquitinase negatively regulates retro-translocation of nonubiquitinated substrates

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases promote ER-associated degradation (ERAD) by ubiquitinating a retro-translocated substrate that reaches the cytosol from the ER, targeting it to the proteasome for destruction. Recent findings implicate ERAD-associated deubiquitinases (DUBs) as positive and negative regulators during ERAD, reflecting the different consequences of deubiquitinating a substrate prior to proteasomal degradation. These observations raise the question of whether a DUB can control the fate of a nonubiquitinated ERAD substrate. In this study, we probed the role of the ERAD-associated DUB, YOD1, during retro-translocation of the nonubiquitinated cholera toxin A1 (CTA1) peptide, a critical intoxication step. Through combining knockdown, overexpression, and binding studies, we demonstrated that YOD1 negatively controls CTA1 retro-translocation, likely by deubiquitinating and inactivating ubiquitinated ERAD components that normally promote toxin retro-translocation. YOD1 also antagonizes the proteasomal degradation of nonglycosylated pro-α factor, a postulated nonubiquitinated yeast ERAD substrate, in mammalian cells. Our findings reveal that a cytosolic DUB exerts a negative function during retro-translocation of nonubiquitinated substrates, potentially by acting on elements of the ERAD machinery.

Losartan Reduces Oxidative Stress Within the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla of Rats With Renovascular Hypertension

Previous studies showed that the microinjection of antioxidants or the overexpression of superoxide dismutase within the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) reduces hypertension and sympathoexcitation in the 2-kidney, 1-clip (2K-1C) model. In this study, we hypothesized that angiotensin II (ANG II) type 1 receptor (AT1R) is involved in the oxidative stress within the RVLM and contributes to cardiovascular dysfunction in renovascular hypertension.

SAT2 * SODIUM OXYBATE, A BREAKTHROUGH TREATMENT OF ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME AND MAINTENANCE OF ALCOHOL ABSTINENCE (D&A)