Experiments were conducted to evaluate the biotechnological potential for producing phytase, xylanase and cellulose enzymes by the fungi, Aspergillus tamarii URM 4634 and Aspergillus japonicus URM 5633. Additionally, the effects of temperature, pH and simulation of digestion in vitro, under enzymatic stability, were investigated. Six fermentation systems were produced using the agro-industrial wastes palm extract, inner bark bran of cassava and water from maceration of corn (corn steep liquor) as sources of nutrients. A. tamarii URM 4634, the greatest producer, presented a production profile of 1104.18, 485.87 and 226.51 U/mg for phytase, xylanase and cellulase, respectively. In general, after 180 min at 80°C, cellulase showed lower thermal stability with a residual activity of 44.4%, while xylanase had greater stability with a residual activity of 73.5%. Maximum residual activity values for pH stability of phytase and xylanase occurred at pH 7.5, with 74.6% and 91.9%, respectively, after 180 min. For cellulase, pH 5.0 resulted in the maximum values of residual activity (82%). In the simulation of gastrointestinal digestion, phytase and cellulase were resistant, having maximize their activities throughout the enteric digestion process (149.8 and 221.5%); however, xylanase was greatly affected by pepsin, which reduced its activity to 78%. This knowledge with respect to the effect of temperature, pH and simulated gastrointestinal digestion helps to optimize the use of these enzymes in the form of multi-enzymatic complexes in the feed industry. Key words: Aspergillus, monogastric, multi-enzymatic complex, production, characterization.
Sandy soils of 19 arable fields were analyzed for disease suppressiveness against root rot disease of cassava, caused by Fusarium solani CFF109. Analysis of chemical, physical, biochemical, microbial population and activity, and soil characteristics were assessed. Soils with different management histories and covers most commonly found in the region were collected to build a greenhouse experiment, to evaluate the natural suppressiveness of soils against cassava root rot. The severity was submitted with all data across correlation and multivariate analyses to find correlation between disease suppressiveness and abiotic or biotic soils attributes. Differences in disease suppressiveness were found between the treatments for cassava root rot. Significant disease suppression was found in 37% of the soils. The sandy soil covered with consortium of Zea mays + Vigna unguiculata was the most efficient in suppressiveness against disease caused by F. solani. The data indicated significant correlation between soil characteristics and suppressiveness cassava root rot. The soil supressiveness against cassava root rot was favored by increase by total bacteria, fluorescent group bacteria populations and activity of acid and alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase. Key words: Disease suppression, soil characteristics, enzyme activity, soil communities, abiotic factor, biotic factor.
Este texto apresenta uma discussão acerca da gestão e avaliação de políticas públicas, com enfoque nas políticas públicas para o ensino médio e educação profissional do ano 2000 a 2010. Buscou-se compreender como essas políticas estão sendo avaliadas. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo bibliográfico sobre políticas públicas, gestão e avaliação de políticas, e realizada uma pesquisa, no site do Ministério da Educação, sobre os programas Brasil Profissionalizado, Programa Nacional de Integração da Educação Profissional com a Educação Básica na Modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos e Ensino Médio Inovador. Foi possível compreender que as políticas públicas são meios de atender aos diversos interesses dos vários setores da sociedade e que essas devem ser avaliadas para a melhoria da gestão do Estado, para poder desenvolver ações eficientes e eficazes para atender às necessidades da população. Palavras-chave: gestão, avaliação, políticas públicas, ensino médio, educação profissional. MANAGEMENT AND EVALUATION OF PUBLIC POLICIES FOR PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IN COMBINATION TO SCHOOL: THE YEAR 2000 TO 2010 Abstract The paper presents a discursion about the management and evaluation of public policies, with a focus on public policy for the high school and professional education 2000 to 2010 sought to understand how these policies are being evaluated. Thus, a bibliographical study, public policy, management and evaluation of policies was conducted, and conducted a search at the Ministry of Education website on government programs: Brazil professionalized, National Programme for Integration of Vocational Education with Education Basic Mode of Education in Adult and Youth and Secondary Education Innovator. Before the study understand that public policies are means to meet the diverse interests of the various sectors of society and that these should be evaluated for improvement of State management in order to develop efficient and effective actions to meet the needs of the population. Key-words: management, assessment, public policy, secondary education, vocational education.
Este trabalho teve como premissa analisar o status atual da gestão dos recursos hídricos no município de Erechim (RS) com base nos planos de manejo, dados estatísticos, históricos e informações coletadas junto a gestores responsáveis pelas instituições legais que respondem pelas políticas públicas ambientais do município tais como Secretaria Municipal de Meio Ambiente (SMMA), Prefeitura Municipal, Comitê de Bacia Hidrográfica Apuaê Inhandava (CBHAI), Comitê de Bacia Hidrográfica Passo Fundo (CBHPF), Conselho Municipal de Proteção ao Meio Ambiente (COMPAM) e Corsan.