Stress levels and its association with self-harm and risk-taking behavior in medical undergraduates

Medical studies are very challenging. As a result of the demands placed on them, students may be under stress, and this may affect their behavior and performance. Not many Indian studies have delved into this problem.

Medical students' perceptions of small group teaching effectiveness in hybrid curriculum

Out-of-pocket expenditure and drug adherence of patients with diabetes in Odisha

The burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing in India and across states. Given the chronic and progressive nature of the disease, it implicates huge financial burden on patients. Given this, the objectives of this study are to estimate the out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure on diabetes care and assess the magnitude of medication adherence among patients in a public hospital.

Internet use for patient care and health research: A cross-sectional study among physicians in a teaching hospital of Eastern India

Internet is the world's largest network of information and communication services. The internet is widely used in medicine and had a significant impact on research, training, and patient care.

Oral health of children and adolescents infected with human immunodeficiency virus and impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on quality of life

Tooth loss and associated risk factors among rural population of Wardha District: A cross-sectional study

Oral hygiene and periodontal status in the primitive hidden tribe of Patalkot, a tribal area in Central India

Very little is known about the hard to reach tribal communities in India and one such community is a primitive hidden and isolated tribe group of Bharia people in Patalkot. Their health problems need special attention as they have very limited access to health care. The aim of this study is to assess the oral hygiene and periodontal status in the primitive tribe group of Bharias in Patalkot, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Relationship between respiratory and periodontal health in adults: A case–control study

The colonization of the respiratory pathogens has been found in the oral cavity. In the high-risk patients for lung infection; the risk factor is the high colonization of the respiratory pathogens in the oral cavity. The present study was performed with an aim to investigate the relationship between periodontal health and respiratory diseases.

Clinical and laboratory standards institute versus European committee for antimicrobial susceptibility testing guidelines for interpretation of carbapenem antimicrobial susceptibility results for Escherichia coli in urinary tract infection (UTI)

BACKGROUND: Carbapenems show excellent activity against resistant uropathogens, and they are the antibiotics of choice for urinary tract infections (UTIs). The choice of carbapenem prescription is strongly influenced by antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) report. With the publication of recent AST guidelines by the European Committee on AST (EUCAST), we were curious to evaluate the difference in results between Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and the EUCAST guidelines for the interpretation of carbapenems. METHODS: During a period of 1 year, midstream urine specimens received in the laboratory were cultured by conventional techniques and 2932 of them grew significant colony counts of Escherichia coli. Out of them, 501 E. coli isolates which were resistant to at least six first-line antibiotics were further subjected to second-line antimicrobials imipenem and meropenem, reported by E-tests (bioMerieux, France). The E-test results were interpreted by both CLSI 2016 and EUCAST 6.0 (2016) guidelines. Weighted kappa was used to determine absolute agreement, and McNemar’s Chi-square test was used to test the difference in proportions of susceptibility between two methods, respectively. RESULTS: Taking CLSI guidelines as a gold standard, there was 100% sensitivity in a susceptible category by the EUCAST guidelines for both the carbapenems. Weighted kappa showed good and moderate agreement between them for imipenem and meropenem, respectively. However, McNemar Chi-square test in the nonsusceptible category between the two tests was 9.38% and 33.03% for imipenem and meropenem, respectively, and they were highly significant (P < 0.001). Conclusions: A laboratory can follow EUCAST guidelines as well and the guidelines are more useful in urinary concentrated antibiotics such as carbapenems. Further other antibiotics need to be evaluated by both these guidelines.

Dexmedetomidine for prevention of early postoperative catheter-related bladder discomfort in voluntary kidney donors: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) has started to gain recognition as a problem in early postoperative care. Dexmedetomidine reduces bladder contractility via M3 muscarinic receptor antagonism and α-2 receptor agonism, apart from its concomitant therapeutic benefits, such as sedation and sympatholysis, in a postoperative period. We, therefore, evaluated the efficacy of dexmedetomidine in reducing incidence and severity of CRBD.