Journals
2018 EN
Trilochan Sahu · Lipilekha Patnaik · Venkata Rao E
+2 more
Objective: The objectives of this study is to assess the association of selected risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) with lipid profile.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during May 2013–April 2014 among 350 subjects of 25–64 years selected by systematic random sampling. Data on sociodemographic and medical and personal history along with anthropometric measurements were collected through house-to-house visit. Blood sample was analyzed for fasting blood sugar and lipid profile.Results: In this study, 38.58% belong to the age group of 25–35 years and 58% were female. Majority (45.43%) of the participants belonged to lower socioeconomic status, followed by the middle (40.57%) and upper class (14%). It was observed that total cholesterol was significantly associated with blood sugar (p=0.0008), blood pressure (p=0.001), and body mass index (BMI) (p=0.018). There was no significant association among the risk factors of CHD such as smoking and alcohol with total cholesterol. Low-density lipoprotein level was significantly associated with BMI (p=0.0001) and blood sugar (p=0.003). There was a significant association among the risk factors for CHD such as smoking (p=0.002), alcohol, (p=0.017) blood sugar (p=0.004), and BMI (p=0.014) with triglyceride level.Conclusion: It was concluded from this study that various risk factors for CHD were associated with lipid abnormalities. Hence, a community-based education in this regard is of paramount importance.
Innovare Academic Sciences
Journals
2018 EN
Sima Chauhan · Santosh Kumar Swain · Mahesh Chandra Sahu
Objective: Sickle cell disease (SCD) involves multiple systems and is manifested by variable degree of anemia, acute vaso-occlusive episodes, and chronic organ damage. Small case series have hinted at increased incidence of cancer among SCD patients, but no examination of population-based data in Odisha has been reported. Here, we have reported the association of hematological malignancies and SCD in our region.Methods: In this prospective study, we have documented all the demographic and clinical data of sickle cell patients during the past 3 years from June 2013 to May 2016. Simultaneously, the bone marrow (BM) aspiration and biopsy were carried out for all patients. This study was approved from the Institutional Ethics Committee.Results: A total number of 267 sickle cell patients were screened for malignancy by both BM aspiration and biopsy. Among them, 6 cases of malignancies were detected by both BM aspiration and biopsy method.Conclusion: Our study shows a association between SCD and hematological malignancies which could be due to treatment with hydroxyurea or accumulation of multiple genetic abnormalities due to a high degree of proliferative activity of marrow cells.
Innovare Academic Sciences
Journals
2018 EN
Lingaraj Sahu · Aloka Samantaray · Shashi Sankar Behera
Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of a bolus dose of amiodarone administered by the way of cardiopulmonary bypass pump before releasing of aortic cross-clamp (ACC) in the prevention of atrial fibrillation.Methods: In this prospective study, 22 non-diabetic patients were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to either amiodarone or placebo group. In amiodarone group injection amiodarone 3 mg/kg in 10 ml normal saline (amiodarone group, Group A, n=10) and in control group (control group, Group P, n=12), the same volume of normal saline was administered 3 min before the release of ACC. Initial rhythm after the release of ACC was noted.Results: The major rhythm after the release of ACC was ventricular arrhythmia in control group (n=5, 40%), whereas in amiodarone group, it is normal sinus rhythm (n=7, 63%). Only the need of cardioversion/defibrillation and the amount of energy needed was less in the amiodarone group but not reached statistical significance level. There was a trend toward a higher ventricular rate in control group compared to amiodarone group, but it never reached statistical significance level (114±46 vs. 97±29, p=0.3). One patient in amiodarone group required temporary pacemaker for sustained atrioventricular block with heart rate of <50 beats/min and continued on temporary pacemaker for 48 h.
Innovare Academic Sciences
Journals
2018 EN
Srikant Kumar Dhar · Sobhitendu Kabi · Chandan Das
+4 more
Objective: Our hospital, tertiary care hospital in the capital of the state of Odisha, had been witnessing pyrexia of unknown origin, associated with breathlessness, renal, and liver impairment, which did not respond to high antibiotics but to doxycycline; therefore, the present study was undertaken to identify whether scrub typhus is the etiological agent, and thereafter, their characteristic features were further evaluated as an effort in supporting its diagnoses and treating patients accordingly.Methods: A total of 65 adult patients (age >15 years) admitted with pyrexia between April 2015 and October 2017 were evaluated. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) scrub typhus test was done in all these patients. IgM scrub typhus test positive samples were included in the study and various clinical parameters analyzed.Results: Of the 65 patients included in the study, all were found to be positive for IgM antibodies against Orientia tsutsugamushi. The cases were seen mainly in the months between September and November. The common symptoms found were fever, myalgia, breathlessness, rash, and abdominal pain and rarely altered sensorium. The diagnostic features like eschar were found in 23% patients. Nearly, two-thirds of patients had fever more than 7 days and myalgia (76.92%), headache (58.46%). The most common complications were renal failure (20%) followed by pneumonia (10.76%). Laboratory findings of high C-reacting protein (89.23%) and leukocytosis are found in 35.38%.Conclusion: Our results showed that scrub typhus should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pyrexia of unknown origin associated with breathlessness, myalgia, rash, gastrointestinal symptoms, hepatorenal syndrome, or acute respiratory distress syndrome. Empirical treatment with doxycycline may be given in the cases with strong suspicion of scrub typhus.
Innovare Academic Sciences
Journals
2018 EN
Shakta Mani Satyam · Laxminarayana Kurady Bairy · Vasudha Devi
Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the correlation of gender and serum leptin level with analgesic modulation of tramadol in Wistar rats.Methods: A total of 48 Wistar rats (body weight 100–150 g), 24 each male and female Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups (n=6/group) (Group I - Control- 0.9% NaCl; 1 ml/kg/day i.p. and Group II - Tramadol 10 mg/kg/day i.p.) for each nociception model - plantar test and acetic acid induced writhing test. The treatment duration was of 5 days. Paw withdrawal latency (PWL) was assessed using plantar test and writhing movements were observed following administration of 0.8% acetic acid; 10 ml/kg i.p.Results: PWL was significantly decreased (p<0.001) and both number of writhing movements and serum leptin concentrations were significantly increased (p<0.001) in female control group compared to male control group. In tramadol treated female rats, PWL was significantly decreased (p=0.005) and both number of writhing movements and serum leptin concentrations were significantly increased (p<0.001) in comparison with the tramadol treated male rats. PWL was negatively correlated with serum leptin concentration (Pearson correlation coefficient= −0.826, two-tailed significance= 0.000), and writhing movements were positively correlated with serum leptin concentration (Pearson correlation coefficient= 0.505, two-tailed significance= 0.012).Conclusions: The present study revealed that female rats have more serum leptin concentration than male rats which could be one of the possible reasons for having more pain sensitivity to noxious stimuli in female rats compared to male rats. Tramadol treatment at the dose of 10 mg/kg for 5 days has decreased serum leptin level in rats which might be one of the additional mechanisms of tramadol to reduce pain.
Innovare Academic Sciences
Journals
2018 EN
Pratima Baisakh · Manas Baisakh · Prafulla Kumar Chinara
+1 more
Objective: Appendicectomy is the gold standard treatment in acute appendicitis, and in each case, a specimen should be evaluated thoroughly by a histopathologist to confirm the diagnosis and any unknown pathology. The present study aims to find out age and gender prevalence of appendicitis in a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India and various histological changes in the appendix in routine appendicectomy specimen undergoing surgery for appendicitis.Methods: A total of 780 appendicectomy specimens were studied for acute appendicitis for 2 years. Gender prevalence and age-wise incidence of appendicitis were analyzed statistically. Sections were taken from different parts of formalin-fixed appendix specimen. A thorough histological examination was done to confirm acute appendicitis and to detect any incidental unusual histological changes.Results: Of 780 cases, 343 (44%) were male and 437 (56%) were female. Females are more in number than males (p<0.001). The incidence was more common in the age group of 21–30 years (50.7%). Histological findings revealed normal vermiform appendix in 60 (7.7%), lymphoid hyperplasia in 75 (9.6%) cases, acute appendicitis and periappendicitis in 471 (60%) and 110 (14%) cases, respectively. Gangrenous appendicitis was found in 56 (7%) cases. Unexpected findings were reported in 8 (1.02%) cases, of which Enterobius vermicularis 2 (0.25%) cases, endometriosis 2 (0.25%) cases, mucocele 1 (0.12%) case, and carcinoid in 3 (0.4%) cases.Conclusions: Apart from intraoperative examination, a routine histological study of biopsy specimen reveals at times rare pathological changes which has some impact on clinical co-relation and patient management and might help to avoid any lethal complications.
Innovare Academic Sciences
Journals
2018 EN
Shakta Mani Satyam · Laxminarayana Kurady Bairy · Vasudha Devi
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of gender and obesity on analgesic modulation of tramadol in Wistar rats.Methods: This study was carried out in two sets of experiments. In Set I experiment - 48 rats (body weight ≤150 g), 24 each male and female rats were randomly divided into two groups (n=6/group) (Group I - Control; 0.9% NaCl; 1 ml/kg/day i.p. and Group II - Tramadol 10 mg/kg/day i.p.) for each nociception model - plantar test and acetic acid-induced writhing test. The treatment duration was of 5 days. On the last day of treatment (i.e., on the 5th day), paw withdrawal latency (PWL) was assessed using plantar test, and writhing movements were observed following administration of 0.8% acetic acid; 10 ml/kg i.p. Set II experiment was repeated like Set I experiment among rest 48 high-fat diet-fed rats (body weight ≥300 g).Results: For both males and females, PWL was significantly decreased (p<0.05) in obese control groups compared to lean control groups. A number of writhing movements were significantly increased (p<0.01 for males and p<0.001 for females) in obese control groups compared to lean control groups. In tramadol-treated obese rats, PWL was significantly decreased (p<0.01 for males and p<0.05 for females), and number of writhing movements were significantly increased (p<0.01 for both males and females) in comparison with the tramadol-treated lean rats.Conclusion: The present study revealed that obese female rats experience more pain sensation to noxious stimuli compared to lean male rats and also the analgesic effect of tramadol is more pronounced in lean male rats compared to obese female rats.
Innovare Academic Sciences
Journals
2018 EN
Jyotirmayee Pradhan · Basanta Kumar Das · Swagatika Sahu
Objective: The main aim of this research work was to evaluate the antibacterial and haemolytic activities of different extracts of Euglena viridis (E. viridis), a freshwater microalga.Methods: The solvent extraction has been followed by a preliminary screening of phytochemicals. The ethanolic extract, Eu(EtOH) was chromatographed on a silica gel column. The column was eluted with hexane and then with ethyl acetate/hexane mixtures of increasing polarity, 16 fractions (Ef1-Ef16) were collected and grouped according to their TLC (Thin layer chromatography). Antibacterial activities of different fractions of E. viridis against Pseudomonas putida (P. putida) ATCC49828, P. aeruginosa MTCC 35672, Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) MTCC 646, ATCC 49140, eleven strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and thirteen strains of Flavobacterium columnare (F. columnare) was done using disc diffusion methods. Haemolytic activity was carried out by using blood agar plate method. The MIC (Minimum inhibitory concentration) values of active fractions were determined by the broth dilution method.Results: The results showed that the Eu(EtOH) poses significantly (p≤0.5) higher zone of inhibition (14.0±0.28, 13.5±0.28 mm) against FLV8 and FLV9 respectively. Three strains of Flavobacterium (FLV5, FLV6 and FLV10) were highly sensitive (zone size, 17 mm, 17.5 mm) towards 30% EA: Hex chromatographic eluents (Ef11) with lowest MIC values, e. i 60 µg and 30 µg respectively. Two chromatographic fractions, Ef11 and Ef13 were highly effective (zone size, 14.5 mm and 13.5 mm) against S. aureus (SA5) with lowest MIC value (60µg). Haemolytic activities of all the algal extracts were noticed that both Eu(EtOH) and methanolic extract, Eu(MeOH) of Euglena gives negative results.Conclusion: These findings suggest that the extract obtained from E. viridis have active substances contributing to the increasing antibacterial potential.
Innovare Academic Sciences
Journals
2018 EN
Mr. Yogesh S. Kale · Mr. Deepak A. Chalwadi · Mr. Satyam S. Jadhav
+2 more
This paper evaluates the use of renewable sources of energy i.e. biogas and suitability of a compact biogas system as a centralized decomposition of solid waste like kitchen waste and cow dung etc. and treatment option for the organic decomposition and fraction use of pure methane gas for the cooking, power generation purpose etc. This paper gives an idea and state of art innovations and research in the field of waste digestion and utilization of wasteful energy. In air-tight anaerobic digester bacteria were flourished and used for digestion of kitchen food waste and cow dung. Tremendous amount of Bio-gas was found to be produced which can be utilized for cooking or gas powered vehicles. Keywords—Anaerobic Digester, Bacteria, Biodegradable Kitchen Waste and Cow Dung, Methane Gas.
Journals
2018 EN
Anosh Graham · Vijender Singh · Yogeshwar Kumar Sahu
Field experiment was carried out at SHUATS, Allahabad, to study validation and sensitivity analysis of InfoCrop model with the data sets generated respectively during Rabi season of 2016-17. The main plot treatments and sub-plot treatment consisted three dates of sowing and cultivars (D1-25th October, D2-5th November and D3-15th November) and (V1- Parasmani, V2- Varuna and V3- SRM 777) using split plot design. The results revealed that simulation of growth and yield parameters were compared with observed data and results concluded that the model overestimates all the parameters within the acceptable range (