En la actualidad, muchos analistas interpretan la institucionalización de los movimientos sociales como una señal de su madurez política y de avance hacia la democratización social. Sin embargo, en el caso de los actuales movimientos sociales de América Latina, dicho fenómeno político muestra la complejidad de los procesos inconclusos relacionados con la anhelada consolidación democrática de la región. En este artículo se revisa hasta qué punto la institucionalización ha favorecido la democratización del movimiento indígena en el sistema político colombiano. Este texto analiza en un primer momento el papel político del movimiento para promover una nación multicultural y pluriétnica, tanto en la Asamblea Constituyente como en lo emanado de la Constitución de 1991. En un segundo momento, se contrastan las lógicas legales de implementación de la participación indígena con las dinámicas propias de estas comunidades nativas. Finalmente se describe la reflexión interna del movimiento después de casi dos décadas de combinar el mantenimiento de su lucha con su institucionalización.
An increase in the number of dentists conducting tobacco-use cessation treatment is needed. The authors assessed the effects of high-intensity training (HIT) or low-intensity training (LIT) and reimbursement on general dentists' tobacco-use-related attitudes and treatment behaviors.
This paper presents an overview of the dallas (Delivering Assisted Living Lifestyles at Scale) programme and discusses a preliminary evaluation framework being developed by the University of Glasgow in collaboration with the dallas programme stakeholders. The dallas programme aims to deliver independent and assisted living solutions across communities in the U.K at scale aiming to reach up to 169,000 individuals between 2012 and 2015. The evaluation of the impact of the dallas programme on care systems and individuals will be undertaken using a multidisciplinary, collaborative, robust and pragmatic mixed-method evaluation framework. The evaluation is designed to capture experiences, derive empirical lessons and share actionable knowledge with stakeholders in the deployment and roll-out of assisted and independent living solutions. This paper briefly describe a preliminary evaluation framework and discuss some of the challenges which arise with a study of the nature, complexity and scale of dallas.
‘Younger’ old age (the late 60s through early 70s) is, for many, a period of stability of lifestyle and considerable freedom to pursue leisure activities. Despite the stability that many enjoy, the mortality rate is about 2% per year in western nations. This increases to about 5% by age 80. It would be useful to know if those most vulnerable can be identified through patterns of deleterious ageing, and especially if this could be accomplished with just two waves of data. The Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 was surveyed on a host of individual difference variables including cognition, personality, biomarkers of physical health, and activities at ages 70 and 73 years. Overall, the group showed the expected basic stability in mean levels for these variables, but some individuals had died and others did show substantial changes that could be considered statistically reliable. These presumably reliable changes were at least as likely to be positive (reflecting improved condition/ability) as negative (reflecting decline/ageing). Moreover, limitations in the estimated reliabilities of the measures meant that most of the observed changes could not be considered reliable. The changes clustered only weakly around general health to predict death over the next approximately two years. We concluded that two waves of longitudinal data were not sufficient to assess meaningful patterns of ageing, despite often being used to do so.