Factory Tour to ShinMaywa Industries, Ltd.

The ShinMaywa Industries, Ltd., predecessor, Kawanishi Aircraft Ltd., was famed for its high-performance World War II planes, including the Type II Flying Boat, codenamed “Emily” by the Allied Forces, and the Interceptor Siden-Kai, codenamed “George.” Following defeat, Kawanishi Aircraft Ltd. was renamed ShinMaywa Industries, Ltd., founded officially in 1949. The new company, which started out producing dump trucks, but resumed aircraft manufacture in 1960. ShinMaywa now holds a high market share among Special Purpose Trucks such as dump trucks and in aircraft business exemplified by the STOL (Short Take Off Landing) Amphibian. It also manufactures Automatic Wire Terminating Machines, Thin Film Coating System, Aircraft Passenger Boarding Bridges, Car Parking System, and Water Treatment Equipment. In fiscal 2008 business, industrial machinery accounted for 37%, special purpose truck 35%, aircraft 19%, and others 9% in the company’s ¥127.7 billion sales (US$1.277 billion). Current employees based on consolidated accounts number 3,883. The enterprise philosophy is “contributing to society through outstanding technology and service.” Concretely, harmonization with society should be achieved in daily activities of an enterprise, and enterprise value should be raised by management taking stake holders into account.

The Will to Believe: Woodrow Wilson, World War I, and America's Strategy for Peace and Security

In many ways, Woodrow Wilson and the era of World War I cast a deeper shadow over contemporary foreign policy debates than more recent events, such as the Cold War. More so than after World War II, Wilson and his contemporaries engaged in a wide-ranging debate about the fundamental character of American national security in the modern world. "The Will to Believe" is the first book that examines that debate in full, offering a detailed analysis of how U.S. political leaders and opinion makers conceptualized and pursued national security from 1914 to 1920.Based on extensive research gleaned from public documents, presidential papers, and periodicals, "The Will to Believe" departs significantly from existing scholarship, which tends to examine only Wilson or his critics. This is the first study of America's approach to the war, which examines all major U.S. perspectives from across the political spectrum and analyzes Wilson's security strategy from the beginning of U.S. neutrality through the end of his presidency. During World War I there was no consensus among Wilson and his contemporaries on such fundamental issues as the nature of the international system, the impact of security policies on domestic freedom, the value of alliances and multinational organizations, and the relationship between democracy and peace. Historian Ross A. Kennedy focuses on how three competing groups - pacifists, liberal internationalists, and Atlanticists - addressed these and other national security issues.

Public Health and Nutrition After the SPANISH CIVIL WAR An Intervention by the Rockefeller Foundation

We describe a nutritional intervention by the Rockefeller Foundation's International Health Division in Spain after the Spanish Civil War, delineating the relationships between the technicians sent by the Rockefeller Foundation and the Spanish health authorities. We analyze reports of the nutritional situation in Spain in the early 1940s and the design and outcomes of a nutrition survey conducted in a district of Madrid by American and Spanish nutritionists. This nutritional survey, which was based on food intake interviews and was complemented with anthropometric measurements, clinical examinations, and blood tests, found several symptoms and signs of malnutrition. The Rockefeller Foundation's nutritional research was an important historical precedent for later studies made in emergency situations or armed conflicts. Similar surveys have been carried out in the last several decades by distinguished academic departments of public health and epidemiology and by humanitarian aid agencies.

“Everywhere the Soldier Will Be”: Wartime Tobacco Promotion in the US Military

Deployment of young Americans in military engagements places them at increased risk for not only war hazards but also tobacco addiction and disease. Tobacco use diminishes troop health and readiness, and increases medical and training costs. Military tobacco control efforts began in 1986, yet tobacco use remains high. To determine whether and how the tobacco industry targets military personnel in wartime, we analyzed internal industry documents about the Gulf War (1990-1991) and constructed a historical case study. During this conflict, tobacco companies targeted troops with free cigarettes, direct advertising, branded items, ways to communicate with family, and "welcome home" events. Military authorities sometimes restricted this activity, but frequently enabled it; tobacco companies were regarded as benefactors. Considering tobacco use a benefit undermines military health priorities. Stronger policy is needed to reframe tobacco use as incompatible with military ideals.

Stealing a March in the 21st Century: Accelerating Progress in the 100-Year War Against Tobacco Addiction in the United States

Tobacco use in the United States has declined dramatically over the past 50 years, with the prevalence of cigarette smoking falling from about 42% of all adults to less than 20% by 2007. If this rate of decline continues, smoking could be eliminated in the United States by 2047. Framed in military parlance, we may be halfway through a 100-year war against the leading public health killer of our time. We describe factors that have contributed to progress over the last 50 years and identify policy and other initiatives that can contribute to the elimination of tobacco use in the United States.

The Soul of Technology Education: Being Human in an Overly Rational World

I grew up in a small town located just north of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Proximity offered me plenty of opportunities to visit the historic town and its surrounding battlefields. Like most visitors to Gettysburg, I would try to imagine what it must have been like to be there on those three days in July of 1863. Many of the battlefield landmarks, including the Peach Orchard, Devil’s Den, Seminary Ridge, and Little Round Top invoked powerful mental pictures for me. The one site that inspired the most overwhelming sense of history was the line of trees that represented the starting point of Pickett’s Charge. It was there that approximately 13,000 Confederate soldiers lined up in preparation for marching across a mile of open field against a heavily armed and protected Union position. The men who formed up behind the line of trees to begin the march must have been frightened of the almost certain doom they faced. To this day, I cannot help but be amazed at the courage it must have taken for each of them to do their duty. The noted Civil War author Shelby Foote once said, “If you stop to think about it, it would have been much harder not to go then to go. It would have taken a great deal of courage to say [to General Lee] I ain’t goin’. Nobody’s got that much courage” (Ward, Burns, & Burns, 1990). By this point in the Civil War the soldiers who took part in Picket’s Charge were deeply committed to the friendships they had formed with their fellow soldiers, resolute toward fighting to save a Southern way of life and its culture, and in possession of an undying belief in the invincibility of General Lee as their commander. These factors, both large and small, compelled each man to form rank and march forward into the great grinding jaws of the Union Army on that hot July day. It is sometimes hard to understand how rational people can become swept up in events that, in hindsight, seem irrational. However, throughout the course of the human experience larger forces that appear to be beyond the control of the individual often sweep us up and move us in directions that we would not choose under different circumstances. Pickett’s Charge is just one dramatic example.

Southern Comfort: Civil War Style and Modern Sensibility

ions and avoid direct references to their problems, the set is shrouded in a misty haze that conveys ambiguity. The characters’ false fronts in personality are mirrored by Ressa’s use of fake scenery that gives the illusion of things being on the stage, but in fact are specters working in the imaginations of the audience. Ressa sought to achieve universality with the set design, and therefore chose a futuristic style, costumes organic in nature, with a compilation of cultures existing within the characters, but contrasted with a clean set uncluttered by cultural references to leave the audiences mind clear to process the complexities of the story. Ward introduced Ressa to Svoboda’work and from this influence he was about to use light to create sets emulating Svoboda’s style of creating space through illuminated colored mists, even using a red light on the floor to symbolize a pool of the seagull’s blood. Research into this style taught Ressa the importance of the play of light and shadow on stage. Ressa created physical models, photographed them, and then created “moment pictures” from the play as multiple drawings in different media such as colored pencils and pastels. These assignments were laborious and demanded meticulous attention to detail, as Ressa often spends hours manipulating lighting, photographing hundreds of shots with lighting differences, and experimenting with modeling techniques to create the perfect effects. The small models were creatively crafted using art supplies from Mish-Mish, the local Blacksburg craft store, as well as household supplies like flashlights and colored cellophane that served as glowing moons, watery abysses, and menacing red clouds of light. Ressa used a special Plexiglas filter to make a lit-up floor and cutouts of items like trees and windowpanes to create the appearance of props while only using their shadows. A play written by John Patrick Shanley and winner of the Pulitzer Prize and Tony Award, the cinematic version of Doubt was produced by Celia D. Costas and released in January 2009 to select theatres, where it received immediate acclaim. Only a few months before, in a joint effort with Hollins University, the Virginia Tech Department of Theater Arts presented Doubt, a Parable to the 2008 Roanoke Arts Festival. Directed by Hollins University Theatre Department Chair Ernie Zulia and featuring Virginia Tech’s head of the Department of Theatre Arts, Patricia Raun, Doubt showed from October 3 to November 9. Ressa worked as scenic designer on this production and led the research that created the Bronx collage project, the culminating piece of the production. Compiled Doubt Well-researched set design is about building trust with one’s audience, knowing that what they see is a gateway into what

Medical Failures and Successes in Response to Epidemic Disease During the American Civil War

Cultural Resource Assessment and Archival Research for the Proposed Galveston-Bolivar Causeway Galveston County, Texas

In 2008, following a cultural resources remote-sensing survey for the Proposed Galveston-Bolivar Causeway Project, PBS&J was contracted by the Texas Department of Transportation to perform three studies as supplements to the original investigation. These studies comprised a hydraulic probing investigation at the Old Port Bolivar slip in the area of a charted historic shipwreck; a review of historic maps and aerial photography of the Area of Potential Effect (APE); and an assessment of a collection of abandoned hulks at the northwestern tip of Bolivar Peninsula. All three studies were completed between June and August 2008. The hydraulic probing investigation at the Old Port Bolivar slip located the remains of a potential submerged shipwreck site measuring approximately 40 x 11 feet at a depth of 17–18 feet below the water surface. PBS&J also examined over 40 historic maps from the collections of the National Archives in Washington, D.C. The investigation of historic maps isolated at least 12 shipwrecks within the APE. Historic Tobin aerial photos of the APE acquired by PBS&J were limited to the sets available from 1930 and 1956. One shipwreck anomaly discovered during the 2007 Galveston-Bolivar Causeway remotesensing survey was captured in the 1956 aerial. The incomplete coverage area of the 1930 photography prevented a review of other known targets. An investigation of the abandoned hulks at Bolivar Peninsula determined that 16 barges are arranged in three primary groups. These barges have either ferrous or wooden hulls; most of the hulks are submerged. Research did not discover parallels for the types of barges examined by PBS&J, but review of barge construction history indicates many of these hulks could likely predate World War II. 100005586/090026 iii 100005586/090026 v

Japanese wives in Japanese-Australian intermarriages

The diasporic experiences of Japanese partners married to Australians and living in Australia are largely unexamined. This article is based on a study, conducted for an honours thesis, which invited four Japanese wives living in South East Queensland to describe, together with their Australian husbands, their family’s interactions with Japan, its language and culture, and the local Japanese community. It was recognised that the extensive social networks these wives had established and maintained with local Japanese women from other Japanese-Australian intermarriage families were an important part of their migrant experience. This article will firstly review the literature on contemporary JapaneseAustralian intermarriage in Australia and Japanese lifestyle migration to Australia. It will then describe and examine the involvement and motivations of the four wives in their social networks. Entry into motherhood was found to be the impetus for developing and participating in informal, autonomous networks. Additionally, regular visits to Japan were focused on engagement with existing family and friendship networks. The contemporary experience of intermarriage for these women is decidedly transnational and fundamentally different from that of the war brides, or sensō hanayome.