the recent years the NFC with the combination of smart devices has widened the utilization range of NFC. It is said it will replace the credit card in electronic payment so security is one of the area that is to be checked. Currently the NFC security requires user's public key with the fixed value which contain the message. The attacker can create a new profile of the user by using their public key and thus the privacy of the user is compromised. In this work, network environment can be generated using 50 nodes. User can select source and destination node and then simulation can be done on the basis of proposed algorithm. The conditional privacy protection based on multiple pseudonyms is used to solve the issues generated in NFC environment. This work is to optimize the above environment by using optimization algorithm. Genetic algorithm which is artificial intelligence based algorithm is used in this to reduce the storage requirement, average delay, packet drop ratio and improve the network's throughput.
The identification of the factors involved in change detection could lead to a comprehensive understanding of real changes and non-real changes on a broad scale, as well as prediction capability. As a huge amount of remotely sensed data is available, most of the applications require the interpretation of images collected over a period. Frequently collected satellite images mostly present strong spatial redundancies for real changes such as deforestation, urbanization, flood, bushfire etc. and non-real changes due to various system factors or environmental noise such as illumination variation and atmospheric effects. In this case, the pixel values of two images are not same. Therefore nonlinear regression prediction model such as gradient adjusted temporal prediction procedure is applied to predict a temporal image for detecting the types of changes have occurred and is presented in this paper. As the changes are detected iteratively, the whole process converges towards the final model that better defines the temporal correlation between two adjacent images.
In this paper, the impact of software testing effort and the efficiency on the modeling of software reliability for optimizing the cost in case of release time policy has been discussed. Another important problem in the software development process is to determine when to stop testing and release the software. If testing is stopped too early, there may be too many defects in the software, resulting in too many failures during the operation and leading to significant losses. If too much time is spend on testing, there may be a high testing cost. Therefore, there must be a tradeoff between testing and releasing. The release time should be determined by the testing process, efforts and cost. The more defects have been detected and removed, the less time will be used for further testing. To eliminate this problem of releasing the software goal programming approach has been discussed.
Mobile ad hoc networks are non-static networks which formed without any central point communication infrastructure. In addition to node mobility, a ad-hoc is defined by bounded resource constraints such as bandwidth, battery power, and storage space. In this network, the intermediate nodes play role of router which routed the packets to the terminal node. The security challenges in the networks have become a primary concern to provide secure communication. The Attacks on MANET disrupts network performance and reliability. The DOS (denial-of-service), Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks are a rapidly growing problem. The multitude and variety of both the attacks and the defence approaches is overwhelming. These attacks influences network resources, denying of service for genuine node and degrades network performance. In this paper kind of attacks are presented which are attacked on adhoc network and advised approach to detect DDoS attack.
system based on color and shape feature combining with clustering concept that considers the similarities among images in database is proposed. Firstly, the color space of an image is quantized with 128 bin quantization and then color histogram is extracted from the quantized image. Secondly, the shape feature is extracted using horizontal, vertical, diagonal and anti-diagonal mask obtained by rotation of Prewitt mask. Thirdly, the moving k-means clustering algorithm is used to cluster the database images. The proposed method is tested on Wang database. Experimental results show that proposed method is more efficient and effective in image retrieving from database than existing methods.
Digital technologies is showing tremendous growth and advancements in image transmission and processing during last few years. The image security during image transmission is one of the important areas for research. Various digital watermarking techniques are nowadays become popular for image security and copyright. But, due the rapid growth of the Internet and the development of digital multimedia technologies, illegal copying, modifying and copyright protection have become very important issues. Hence, there is a strong need of development of technique which will able to face these hurdles. There are various techniques to produce the watermark in digital images. In this paper, SVD, DCT, DWT and mixed watermarking techniques has been used for watermarking. The performance parameter like PSNR, MSE, MSSIM and WPSNR are used to evaluate the watermarking performance. The experimental results are shown in this paper for various methods.