Journals
2018 EN
Shda Ibrahim Faraj
This study assessed the excellence management at Taif University by considering the European Model of Excellence (EFQM) in terms of the following dimensions: (1) leadership, policies and strategies, (2) human resources, (3) processes, (4) partnerships and resources, (5) products and services, (6) human resource results, (7) society results and (8) key performance results. The study followed a descriptive (survey and comparative) approach. Data were collected using a questionnaire administered to a random sample of faculty members (n=284) of Taif University. The results indicated statistically significant differences in the score of management of excellence for Taif University in the light of the EFQM from the point of view of the sample members in reference to the following variables: gender, academic rank, and years of experience. No statistically significant differences were observed in the total score for the practice of excellence management at Taif University considering the EFQM from the point of view of the study sample members in reference to the following variables: type of college and number of training programs. The main recommendation of the study was to urge the university to increase efforts to attain a higher level of excellence management practice considering the EFQM.
Australian International Academic Centre PTY. LTD.
Journals
2018 EN
Okan Çoban · İbrahim Akşit
Basics of the lessons, those are taught in our education system in the schools are the related lesson's curriculum. To sum up the curriculum, it can be said that it is a guideline of answers of questions that are desired to be taught for a lesson like; (what) why, how, who and when should we teach. Essential components which are subject to this curriculum are; the general terms of education, purpose of the lesson, vision of the lesson, main approach of the lesson or the philosophy of the lesson, content of the lesson and its acquisitions, method and techniques that can be used in the lesson and teaching approaches and measurement and evaluation. Besides those main components, it can be witnessed that value that is predicted to be gained with the classification of the learning field (theme) about the particular lesson and the ability and concepts are the parts of this curriculum. The curriculum is the essential resource for the teacher because the teacher is obliged to prepare his daily and annual lecture programme according to this programme. Furthermore, the teacher can complete the missing information that he acquired during the induction programme or the changing content for later, and by this education, programme teacher can complete the information that is related to the various situations. In our country, curriculums are prepared by Ministry of National Education and serviced to the teachers. Social studies is a lesson that is taught at the level of elementary and secondary school. In a narrow range, first content that is imputed to the social studies curriculum that is created in 1965 had been taught under different lesson names both before and after the particular date. Since from the social studies curriculum that is fixed in 1998 till today, the name of the lesson has not changed. However, changes in the individual, social, political and technological etc. needs and developments, Ministry of National Education has gone reformation on social studies curriculum after 1998, on 2005 and 2017. Furthermore, Ministry of National Education, after the program that is fixed on 2005, had increased the branches of social studies which constitutes the social studies lectured contents and had accepted an interdisciplinary approach. The purpose of this research is to compare the dimension of concept and accusation, theme, ability and value in the social studies education programs that are created in 2005 and 2017. In this qualitatively structured research, a method of document review is used. Purposed sampling that is used in this research, on the direction of the purpose of the research, Ministry of National Education's documents that are inspected for the last two social studies curriculums are constituted. Besides, for supporting the data of this research, guidebooks for social studies teachers that are published by various publishing houses are imposed on. Each item has been evaluated separately by using descriptive analysis technique in this research. As a result of this research, in the 2005 Social Studies curriculum, two learning areas were removed. Apart from the addition of a learning field called "Effective Citizenship" which includes the acquisitions of these learning areas added in the 2017 curriculum, there is no significant difference in the theme dimension between the two curriculums. While 15 basic abilities taking part in the social studies curriculum which are fixed on 2005, 26 basic abilities have taken part in the program which are fixed on 2017. While evaluating the value perspective of 2005-fixed social studies curriculum has 20 pieces of values, the social studies curriculum which is fixed on 2017 has 18 values. While in 2005 social studies curriculum place of concept teaching and basic concepts that is predicted to be gained is clearly stated, on the other hand in 2017 social studies curriculum, importance of concept teaching is described with few paragraphs. While in 2007 program clear decrease in the number of acquisition is observable there are no observable structural changes on the perspective of the content. While 174 acquisitions are held on 2005 fixed social studies curriculum, on 2017 social studies curriculum there are 132 acquisitions are maintained. In addition, despite the fact that in the 2005 social studies curriculum there were 7 acquisitions about Kemalism, 2017 Social studies curriculum includes only one acquisition. The real success of the curriculums is revealed only by the reflection of the practice. Therefore, other researchers can examine the extent to which practitioners can apply the scale of acquisition, concept, value and skill in the classroom.Öz Eğitim sistemimizde okullarda okutulan derslerin temeli, öğretim programlarıdır. Öğretim programının kısaca bir ders ile ilgili öğretilmek istenilenleri (neyi) niçin, nasıl, kim ve ne zaman öğretelim gibi soruların cevaplarını barındıran bir rehber olduğu söylenebilir. Öğretim programında yer verilen temel öğeler genel olarak eğitimin genel amaçları, dersin amaçları, dersin vizyonu, dersin temel yaklaşımı ya da felsefesi, dersin içeriği ve sınırlılıkları (kazanımlar), derste kullanılabilecek yöntem-teknikler ile öğretim yaklaşımları ve ölçme-değerlendirmedir. Ayrıca bu temel öğelerin yanında ilgili derse ait içeriğin sınıflandırıldığı öğrenme alanları (tema) ile derste kazandırılması öngörülen değer, beceri ve kavramlara yer verildiği de görülür. Bu araştırmada programın içerik boyutunu oluşturan öğrenme alanı/tema, beceri, değer, kavram ve kazanım boyutları ele alınmıştır. Öğretim programı, öğretmeninin temel başucu kaynağıdır çünkü öğretmen günlük veya yıllık ders planını öğretim programına göre hazırlamak zorundadır. Ayrıca öğretmen branşına ait aldığı hizmet öncesi eğitimde almadığı ya da daha sonra değişen içerik ve durumlara ilişkin bilgileri de yine öğretim programı sayesinde tamamlayabilir. Ülkemizde öğretim programları Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) tarafından hazırlanır ve öğretmenlere ulaştırılır. Sosyal bilgiler, ilkokul ve ortaokul düzeyinde okutulan bir derstir. İlki 1965 yılında hazırlanan sosyal bilgiler öğretim programına atfedilen içerik, dar kapsamda, hem öncesinde hem sonrasında farklı ders adları adı altında okutulmuştur. 1998 yılında hazırlanan sosyal bilgiler öğretim programından günümüze kadar dersin adı değişmemiştir. Fakat bireysel, toplumsal, siyasi ve teknolojik vb. ihtiyaç ve gelişmeler zaman içinde değiştiğinden Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı 1998 yılından sonra 2005 ve 2017 yıllarında sosyal bilgiler öğretim programında değişikliğe gitmiştir. Ayrıca bakanlık 2005 yılında hazırlanan programdan itibaren sosyal bilgiler ders içeriğini oluşturan sosyal bilim dallarını artırmış ve disiplinler arası bir yaklaşım benimsemiştir. Bu araştırmanın amacı ülkemizde 2005 ile 2017 yıllarında hazırlanan sosyal bilgiler öğretim programlarının öğrenme alanı/tema, kazanım, kavram, değer ve beceri boyutları açısından karşılaştırılmasıdır. Nitel olarak yapılandırılan araştırmada doküman incelemesi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Amaçlı örneklemin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada, araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda bakanlığın hazırladığı son iki sosyal bilgiler öğretim programı incelenen dokümanları oluşturur. Ayrıca araştırma verilerinin desteklenmesi için farklı yayınevleri tarafından hazırlanan sosyal bilgiler dersi öğretmen kılavuz kitaplarında da faydalanılmıştır. Betimsel analiz tekniğinin kullanıldığı araştırmada her bir boyut ayrı ayrı değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda 2005 sosyal bilgiler öğretim programından iki öğrenme alanının çıkartıldığı ve 2017 sosyal bilgiler öğretim programına, çıkartılan bu öğrenme alanları kazanımlarını da içeren, “Etkin vatandaşlık” adlı bir öğrenme alanı eklenmesi haricinde iki program arasında tema boyutunda farklılığın olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. 2005 yılında hazırlanan sosyal bilgiler öğretim programında 15 temel beceriye verilirken 2017 programında ise 26 temel beceriye yer verilmiştir. 2005 yılında hazırlanan sosyal bilgiler öğretim programında 20 adet değere yer verilirken 2017 programında 18 adet değer vardır. 2005 sosyal bilgiler öğretim programında kavram öğretiminin yeri ve kazandırılması öngörülen temel kavramlar açık bir şekilde ifade edilmesine karşın 2017 programında kavram öğretiminin önemi birkaç cümlelik bir paragrafta değinilmiştir. 2017 yılı programında kazanım sayısında belirgin bir azalma gözlenirken kazanımların içeriği açısından belirgin bir yapısal değişiklik yoktur. 2005 sosyal bilgiler öğretim programında 174 adet kazanım olmasına karşın 2017 programında 132 kazanım vardır. Ayrıca 2005 sosyal bilgiler programında Atatürkçülük ile ilgili 7 adet kazanıma yer verilmesine karşın 2017 programında sadece bir kazanıma yer verilmiştir. Kâğıt üzerinde hazırlanan öğretim programlarının gerçek başarısı/durumu ancak uygulamaya yansıması ile ortaya çıkar. Bu nedenle diğer araştırmacılar, uygulayıcıların sınıfta kazanım, kavram, değer ve beceri boyutlarını ne ölçüde uygulayabildiğini inceleyebilir.
Journals
2018 EN
İbrahim Yücedağ · Fidan Sarsılmaz
In discussions over the natural existence of what has been communally described, the issue of how this existence is reached is among the basic problems of social theory. The main objective in the mutual understanding of commonality forms the central argument of social theory, over which there is a pursuit of order. Especially with the emphasis that he has made on different layers of reality – actual, real, and empirical – Bhaskar, who objects to the errors of voluntarism and reification in social theory, suggests a naturalistic model by emphasizing the model of thoughtful action. Bhaskar does not refute realism but plasticizes it with a new theoretic perspective, and he opens the discussion of the limits of the possibilities of naturalism. In this study, the effort with which Roy Bhaskar again tried to prioritize epistemology and ontology on an equal level and that he defined as critical realism is attempted to be understood. Öz Toplumsal olarak tanımlananın neliği üzerine yapılan tartışmalarda bu neliğe nasıl ulaşılacağı meselesi sosyal teorinin temel problemlerindendir. Özellikle sosyal teorinin ilk dönemi için merkezi konunun bir düzen arayışı olduğu bilinmektedir. Özellikle gerçekliğin farklı katmanlarına yaptığı vurguyla -aktüel, reel ve ampirik- sosyal teorideki iradecilik ve şeyleştirme hatalarına karşı çıkan Bhaskar, düşünümsel eylem modelini öne çıkararak natüralist bir model önerir. Realizmi reddedetmeyerek ancak eleştirel bir mahiyette elden geçirerek yeni bir teorik perspektifle yoğuran Bhaskar, natüralizmin olanaklılığının sınırlarını eleştirel realizmle yeniden tartışmaya açar. Bu çalışmada da Roy Bhaskar’ın epistemoloji ile ontolojiyi yeniden eşit düzeyde öncelemeye çalıştığı ve eleştirel realizm olarak tanımladığı çaba anlaşılmaya çalışılacaktır.
Journals
2018 EN
İbrahim Işıtan
The existence of different religious identities in various forms in Islamic world is a legacy that Islamic history leaves to the contemporary societies. In other words, these religious identities cause the problem of living together of different religious groups in Islamic societies, but they can also lead to the problem of ‘othering’ as well. In this case, it can be difficult to make social reconciliation and live together in the framework of general religious values. When any religious thought and opinion desires to come to a leading position to feel safe, other thoughts and opinions tend to react to it. The main problem at that point seems to be whether to accept different thoughts as a richness or not. This research looks for answers to the question of what should be done so that the differences that sects and groups in Islamic societies create, do not lead to political discrepancies. The most basic issue that the work is emphasize is that the principles of belief, deed and morality of Islamic religion has been determined by revelation, and these principles have not changed over time. However, the relations between these principles, the issue of which principle is ahead of the other and which principles should be brought forward in the new situations have caused to raise different opinions and the predecessor scholars (Salaf) propounded diverse ideas and thoughts to this issue. In later periods, different interpretations were added due to new events happening indoors and new beliefs and cultures encountered outside, and so new trends and understandings emerged. The currents and understandings generated by the mentioned interpretations continue their existence today in different forms and even new currents can occur. This work also emphasizes that these differences of interpretation -on the condition that the religious constancies do not move from place- should be accepted as wealth and should not lead to political separation in this way. For this, we underlined the need to live together around general religious values by emphasizing the fact that different religious groups must live together. In the work it is alleged that the lifestyle of the Sufi tradition can help us on this subject. Oz Islam dunyasinda farkli dini kimliklerin cesitli sekillerde varligi, Islam tarihinin gunumuz toplumlarina biraktigi bir mirastir. Soz konusu bu kimlikler Islam toplumlarinda farkli dini gruplarin bir arada yasama problemini dogurmakta fakat ‘otekilestirme’ sorununa da yol acabilmektedir. Bu durumda toplumsal uzlasma saglanmasi ve genel dini degerler cercevesinde bir arada yasanmasi zorlasabilmektedir. Herhangi bir dini dusunce ve gorus kendini guvencede hissetmek amaciyla hâkim konuma gelmeyi arzu edince, diger dusunce ve gorusler buna karsi reaksiyon gosterme egilimi icerisine girebilmektedir. Bu calismada Islam toplumlarinda mevcut olan mezhep ve gruplarin ortaya cikardigi farkliliklarin siyasal anlamda krize yol acmamasi icin neler yapilmasi gerektigi sorusuna cevap aranmaktadir. Uzerinde durulan en temel konu, Islam dininin inanc, amel ve ahlak esaslarinin vahiyle belirlenmis olmasi ve bu esaslarin zamanla degisime ugramayisi gercegidir. Fakat bu esaslar arasindaki iliskiler, hangi esasin digerinden daha onde olmasi meselesi ve yeni karsilasilan durumlarda hangi prensiplerin one cikarilmasi gerektigi konusunda farkli gorusler ortaya atilmis ve ilk donem selef âlimleri bu hususta farkli fikir ve dusunceler serdetmislerdir. Daha sonraki donemlerde, iceride yasanan yeni olaylar ve disarida karsilasilan yeni inanc ve kulturler nedeniyle farkli yorumlar eklenmis ve boylece yeni akim ve anlayislar ortaya cikmistir. Soz konusu yorumlarin olusturdugu akim ve anlayislar gunumuzde de farkli sekillerde varligini devam ettirmekte ve hatta yeni akimlar bile olusabilmektedir. Bu calismamizda, yorum farkliliklarinin –dini sâbiteleri yerinden oynatmamak kaydiyla– zenginlik kabul edilmesi ve bu sekilde siyasal ayrima yol acmamasi gerektiginin altini cizdik. Bunun icin farkli dini gruplarin birlikte yasama zorunlulugu gercegi vurgulanarak, genel dini degerler etrafinda birlikte yasamanin gerekliligi dile getirilmistir. Bu konuda sufi gelenegin yasam tarzindan istifade edilebilecegi de ozellikle vurgulanmistir.
Journals
2018 EN
Behara Satyanarayana · Aidy M. Muslim · Nurul Amira Izzaty Horsali
+6 more
Brunei Bay, which receives freshwater discharge from four major rivers, namely Limbang, Sundar, Weston and Menumbok, hosts a luxuriant mangrove cover in East Malaysia. However, this relatively undisturbed mangrove forest has been less scientifically explored, especially in terms of vegetation structure, ecosystem services and functioning, and land-use/cover changes. In the present study, mangrove areal extent together with species composition and distribution at the four notified estuaries was evaluated through remote sensing (Advanced Land Observation Satellite—ALOS) and ground-truth (Point-Centred Quarter Method—PCQM) observations. As of 2010, the total mangrove cover was found to be ca. 35,183.74 ha, of which Weston and Menumbok occupied more than two-folds (58%), followed by Sundar (27%) and Limbang (15%). The medium resolution ALOS data were efficient for mapping dominant mangrove species such as Nypa fruticans , Rhizophora apiculata , Sonneratia caseolaris , S. alba and Xylocarpus granatum in the vicinity (accuracy: 80%). The PCQM estimates found a higher basal area at Limbang and Menumbok—suggestive of more mature vegetation, compared to Sundar and Weston. Mangrove stand structural complexity (derived from the complexity index) was also high in the order of Limbang > Menumbok > Sundar > Weston and supporting the perspective of less/undisturbed vegetation at two former locations. Both remote sensing and ground-truth observations have complementarily represented the distribution of Sonneratia spp. as pioneer vegetation at shallow river mouths, N. fruticans in the areas of strong freshwater discharge, R. apiculata in the areas of strong neritic incursion and X. granatum at interior/elevated grounds. The results from this study would be able to serve as strong baseline data for future mangrove investigations at Brunei Bay, including for monitoring and management purposes locally at present.
Journals
2018 EN
Mousa A. Qasem · Mohamed Ibrahim Noordin · Aditya Arya
+2 more
Background Ceratonia siliqua pods (carob) have been nominated to control the high blood glucose of diabetics. In Yemen, however, its antihyperglycemic activity has not been yet assessed. Thus, this study evaluated the in vitro inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract of carob pods against α-amylase and α-glucosidase and the in vivo glycemic effect of such extract in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats. Methods 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP) were applied to evaluate the antioxidant activity of carob. In vitro cytotoxicity of carob was conducted on human hepatocytes (WRL68) and rat pancreatic β-cells (RIN-5F). Acute oral toxicity of carob was conducted on a total of 18 male and 18 female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, which were subdivided into three groups ( n = 6), namely: high and low dose carob-treated (CS5000 and CS2000, respectively) as well as the normal control (NC) receiving a single oral dose of 5,000 mg kg −1 carob, 2,000 mg kg −1 carob and 5 mL kg −1 distilled water for 14 days, respectively. Alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, creatinine and urea were assessed. Livers and kidneys were harvested for histopathology. In vitro inhibitory effect against α-amylase and α-glucosidase was evaluated. In vivo glycemic activity was conducted on 24 male SD rats which were previously intraperitoneally injected with 55 mg kg −1 streptozotocin (STZ) followed by 210 mg kg −1 nicotinamide to induce type 2 diabetes mellitus. An extra non-injected group ( n = 6) was added as a normal control (NC). The injected-rats were divided into four groups ( n = 6), namely: diabetic control (D0), 5 mg kg −1 glibenclamide-treated diabetic (GD), 500 mg kg −1 carob-treated diabetic (CS500) and 1,000 mg kg −1 carob-treated diabetic (CS1000). All groups received a single oral daily dose of their treatment for 4 weeks. Body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance test, biochemistry, insulin and hemostatic model assessment were assessed. Pancreases was harvested for histopathology. Results Carob demonstrated a FRAP value of 3191.67 ± 54.34 µmoL Fe ++ and IC 50 of DPPH of 11.23 ± 0.47 µg mL −1 . In vitro, carob was non-toxic on hepatocytes and pancreatic β-cells. In acute oral toxicity, liver and kidney functions and their histological sections showed no abnormalities. Carob exerted an in vitro inhibitory effect against α-amylase and α-glucosidase with IC 50 of 92.99 ± 0.22 and 97.13 ± 4.11 µg mL −1 , respectively. In diabetic induced rats, FBG of CS1000 was significantly less than diabetic control. Histological pancreatic sections of CS1000 showed less destruction of β-cells than CS500 and diabetic control. Conclusion Carob pod did not cause acute systemic toxicity and showed in vitro antioxidant effects. On the other hand, inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase was evident. Interestingly, a high dose of carob exhibits an in vivo antihyperglycemic activity and warrants further in-depth study to identify the potential carob extract composition.
Journals
2018 EN
Shormin Choudhury · Hongliang Hu · P. J. Larkin
+4 more
Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV) is one of the major viruses causing a widespread and serious viral disease affecting cereal crops. To gain a better understanding of plant defence mechanisms of BYDV resistance genes ( Bdv2 and RYd2 ) against BYDV-PAV infection, the differences in agronomical, biochemical and histological changes between susceptible and resistant wheat and barley cultivars were investigated. We found that root growth and total dry matter of susceptible cultivars showed greater reduction than that of resistant ones after infection. BYDV infected leaves in susceptible wheat and barley cultivars showed a significant reduction in photosynthetic pigments, an increase in the concentration of reducing sugar. The protein levels were also low in infected leaves. There was a significant increase in total phenol contents in resistant cultivars, which might reflect a protective mechanism of plants against virus infection. In phloem tissue, sieve elements (SE) and companion cells (CC) were severely damaged in susceptible cultivars after infection. It is suggested that restriction of viral movement in the phloem tissue and increased production of phenolic compounds may play a role in the resistance and defensive mechanisms of both Bdv2 and RYd2 against virus infection.
Journals
2018 EN
Syed Fariq Fathullah Syed Yaacob · Arniza Khairani Mohd Jamil · Muhammad Afzal Kamboh
+2 more
Calixarene framework functionalized bio-polymeric magnetic composites (MSp-TDI-calix) were synthesized and utilized as magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) sorbent for the extraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), namely indoprofen (INP), ketoprofen (KTP), ibuprofen (IBP) and fenoprofen (FNP), from environmental water samples. MSp-TDI-calix was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, EDX, VSM and BET analysis, and the results were compared with Sp-TDI and Sp-TDI-calix. To maximize the extraction performance of MSp-TDI-calix decisive MSPE affective parameters such as sorbent amount, extraction time, sample volume, type of organic eluent, volume of organic eluent, desorption time and pH were comprehensively optimized prior to HPLC-DAD determination. The analytical validity of the proposed MSPE method was evaluated under optimized conditions and the following figures of merit were acquired: linearity with good determination coefficient ( R 2 ≥ 0.991) over the concentration range of 0.5–500 µg/L, limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.06–0.26 µg/L and limits of quantitation (LOQ) between 0.20–0.89 µg/L. Excellent reproducibility and repeatability under harsh environment with inter-day and intra-day relative standard deviations were obtained in the range of 2.5–3.2% and 2.4–3.9% respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for analysis of NSAIDs in tap water, drinking water and river water with recovery efficiency ranging from 88.1–115.8% with %RSD of 1.6–4.6%.
Journals
2018 EN
Mohamed A. Farag · Nesrin M. Fayek · Ibrahim Reidah
Rhus coriaria (sumac) is a fruit grown worldwide for its culinary use as a flavoring agent and for its health benefits. Despite several studies on R. coriaria non-volatile metabolites, much less is recognized concerning volatile composition within that genus. In an effort to expand on flavor profile sumac and its food products, we report on volatile profiling from three accessions of different origins including Palestine, Jordan and Egypt in addition to its cold tea and post roasting via headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME). Under optimized conditions, 74 volatile components were identified belonging to alcohols, aromatics, esters, ethers, furan/aldehyde, hydrocarbons, ketones, monoterpenes, oxides and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. Major identified components included α-pinene, naphthalene and o-cymene in Palestinian, Jordanian and Egyptian sumac, respectively. Whereas sesquiterpenes amounted for the major volatile class in fresh R. coriaria at ca. 40–58%, furan/aldehydes were the predominant classes in roasted fruits (58%). Volatile abundance data was further subjected to multivariate data analyses revealing furfural and nonanal enrichment in roasted compared to fresh fruits and their cold tea preparation. Seeds exhibited no aroma components which justified their removal in R. coriaria prior to its use as a food flavor. Such knowledge is expected to be the key for understanding the olfactory and taste properties of R. coriaria and its several food products.
Journals
2018 EN
Hala M.N. Tolba · Rasha M.M. Abou Elez · Ibrahim Elsohaby
+1 more
Background Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have been endemic in Egypt since 2006, and the co-circulation of high-pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 and low-pathogenic avian influenza H9N2 subtypes in poultry has been reported; therefore, Egypt is considered a hotspot for the generation of new subtypes and genotypes. We aimed to characterize AIVs circulating on commercial farms and in live bird markets (LBMs) during the winters of 2015 and 2016 in the study area and to identify H5N1 and H9N2 viruses in respiratory patients. Methods In total, 159 samples were collected from ducks, pigeons and quails on farms ( n = 59) and in LBMs ( n = 100) and screened by real-time RT-PCR for H5N1 and H9N2 subtypes. Clinical and postmortem examination was carried out on birds from the farms. Positive H5N1 samples were sequenced and analysed for mutations. Tracheal swabs were also collected from 89 respiratory patients admitted to respiratory hospitals in the same study area. Results Overall, H5N1 was identified in 13.6% of birds from farms, while it was detected in 17% of birds in LBMs. Subtype H9N2 was only identified from pigeons on farms (6.5%) and LBMs (11.4%). Sequencing of the haemagglutination gene (HA) in nine representative H5N1 isolates revealed a multi-basic amino acid motif at the cleavage site (321-PQGEKRRKKR/GLF-333), which is characteristic of highly pathogenic AIV, in five of our isolates, while the other four isolates showed an amino acid substitution (Q322K) at this cleavage site to make it (321-P K GEKRRKKR/GLF-333). All the isolates belonged to clade 2.2.1.2, and a comparison of HA sequences at the amino acid level showed 98.8–100% homology among the nine isolates, while they showed 94.1–96.1% identity with reference strains and the commonly used vaccine strain in Egypt. Out of 89 respiratory patients, 3.4% were positive for H5N1 and no patients were positive for H9N2. Discussion Our results indicated the circulation of the endemic H5N1 and H9N2 viruses among poultry in 2015 and 2016. Birds on farms and in LBMs are reservoirs playing a role in the dissemination of the virus and producing a public health risk. The application of proper hygienic measures in farms and LBMs to control the exposure of birds and humans to the source of infection along with continuous monitoring of the circulating viruses will provide information on understanding the evolution of the viruses for vaccine studies.