Journals
2018 EN
İkinci Ali · Bolat İbrahim
Peach has a wide range of adaptation to tropical, subtropical and temperate climatic zones around the world, hence is spreading as a fruit species. This study was done in a semiarid climate in Sanliurfa. The phenological, pomological and yield characteristics of 11 peach cultivars (Maycrest, Springcrest, Earlyred, Cardinal, Redhaven, Glohaven, Dixired, Cresthaven, Maria Marta, Elegant Lady and Monroe), were determined. Early flowering in the peach cultivars started on 14th March and ended on 8th April. The first flowering and the last flowering took place between 9 and 17 days. The full bloom to harvest of the cultivars took place between 74 (Maycrest) and 151 (Monroe) days. Based on the long-term observations, the earliest fruit maturation in peach varieties (Maycrest) occurred on the 2nd of June and the last fruit maturation occurred in Monroe on the 24th of August. The weights of the fruit varieties are as follows: Cardinal, 78.19; Dixired, 218.73; for TSS: Earlyred, 14.06; Maria Marta, 17.28%; for titratable acid content: Dixired, 0.47; Redhaven, 1.07 %; and for flesh firmness: Springcrest, 1.82; Dixired, 4.72 kg cm-2. Between 2007 and 2011 years, cumulative yield values were found in Elegant Lady (166.87) and Earlyred (278.33 kg/tree). Key words: Peach, Prunus persica, fruit yield, fruit quality, phenology, pomology, yield efficiency.
Journals
2018 EN
Wakil Muhammad · Ibrahim Abubakar · Sidi Shehu Umar Abba
+1 more
The study analyzed energy input-output of irrigated rice production at the Jere Bowl Borno State, Nigeria. One hundred and thirty farms were sampled through multistage sampling procedure. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and energy equations. The result showed that total of 36,397.85 MJ/ha of energy was consumed in the irrigated rice production with the highest energy input taken up by irrigation water (48.51%) and fuel (23.58%). The forms of energy estimated showed that direct energy contributed much to rice production (76.21%) than the indirect energy with 23.77%; similarly, renewable energy constituted higher energy (59.98%) to the production system, while non-renewable energy constituted only 39.99% of energy to the production system. The results on energy indices of rice production indicated energy ratio of 2.47, specific energy of 31.38 MJ/kg, energy productivity of 0.147 kg/MJ, water productivity of 0.103 kg/M3 and net energy of 53,598.71 Mj/ha. The lower values of energy indices indicate inefficient use of energy. The study recommended that farmers should adopt efficient and cost effective irrigation system which will ensure efficient utilization of energy. Key words: Input-output, energy, direct energy, indirect energy, renewable energy, indices, water productivity.
Journals
2018 EN
İbrahim Kahramanoğlu · Umar Kenan
Scientific confirmation of the traditionally known health benefits of pomegranates caused a tremendous increase in the consumption and production of this highly valuable fruit tree. Reproduction of pomegranate plants with seeds shows great variability in tree vigour and fruit quality. Cuttings is one of the most successful and preferred methods for the propagation of pomegranates. It is easy, quick, economic and most the convenient method of obtaining true-to-type trees in considerably less time; however, it has a high rate of mortality. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effects of cutting length, collection time of cuttings and rooting media on the sprouting of dormant semi-hardwood cuttings collected from pomegranate cv. Wonderful. Studies conducted with the completely randomized block design with four replications, each replication containing 25 individual cuttings. According to the results, the highest sprouting percentage obtained from the 10 cm cuttings collected 43±3 days before sprouting (DBS) and grown in soil with 98%. Results showed that the sprouting percentage is higher at the shorter cuttings. It was also concluded from the results that, as time pass, the sprouting percentage of the cuttings decrease, and is important to collect cuttings about 40 days before sprouting. The growing media was found to significantly affect the sprouting percentage and soil was found to be better than perlite media. Key words: Perlite, rooting, soil, sprouting, transplant.
Journals
2018 EN
K. Somda Marius · Mahamadi Nikièma · Ibrahim Keita
+6 more
In Burkina Faso, deficiency of amino acids in protein is becoming a major healthy public problem. This study was purposed to optimize essentials amino acids in single cell protein (SCP) by supplementing different nitrogen sources during fermentation of mango waste with Candida utilis FJM12. Analytical methods were used to determine biomass yield, chemical composition and amino acids profile of SCP. The principal component analysis (PCA) method was performed to identify the nitrogen source which exhibited best rate of SCP. The maximum biomass yield (6.48±0.03 g/L) exhibited 9.65±0.36% (w/w) of ash, while using yeast extract. The proximate composition of SCP revealed 56.40±1.30, 13.25±0.11, 3.80±0.10, and 6.60±0.25% (w/w), respectively for crude protein, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acid content. PCA showed a strong correlation between yeast extract and Ammonium sulphate and demonstrated their positive influence to increase the rate of SCP and essentials amino acids as compared to Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) recommendation. These results demonstrated that C. utilis FJM12 could be suitable for essentials amino acids. Key words: Mango waste, nitrogen source, Candida utilis, single cell protein (SCP), amino acids.
Journals
2018 EN
M. Peter · Rasedee Abdullah · Rosli Rosita
+7 more
Clausenidin is a pyranocoumarin majorly found in medicinal herbs of the Rutaceae family used to treat cancer patients locally in Asia. The compound is presumed to have anti-cancer cell effect but its exact mechanism of action is still unknown. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of pure clausenidin on p53-mediated apoptosis as well as other cell death pathways in colon cancer (HT-29) cell lines. The anti-proliferative effect of clausenidin by cell cycle and annexin V assay using flow cytometry was evaluated. Morphological analysis of the treated cells was performed using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the effect of p53 mRNA on cell cycle and apoptosis-related genes and proteins in clausenidin-treated HT-29 cells was investigated using qPCR and Western blot assays, respectively. Clausenidin induced a p53 dependent G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in HT-29 cells. It was also observed that the anti-cancer cell effect of clausenidin occurred via p53 mediated activation of p21, bax and transrepression of survivin and bcl 2 that culminated in the apoptosis of colon cancer cells. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs confirmed the occurrence of apoptosis in clausenidin-treated HT-29 cells. Clausenidin is a potent anti-HT-29 cell agent that can be used to treat colon tumors. Key words: Clausenidin, p53, p21, apoptosis, cell cycle.
Journals
2018 EN
Ali Ibrahim Hoda · Said Zakaria Soha · Mohamed Elbatch Manal
+2 more
Beta-thalassemia major (β-TM) in children is associated with an increase in the risk of premature cardiovascular complications caused by accelerated atherosclerosis which significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality. The molecular mechanisms underlying β-TM associated atherosclerosis and its relation to biochemical risk factors still remain obscure. We aimed to investigate the association between SIRT1 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), lipid profile, ferritin, malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxydeoxy guanosine (8-OHdG) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in relation to carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) trying to explain some mechanisms of cardiovascular complication in beta-Thalassemia major (β-TM) children. This study was carried out on 100 Egyptian children with β-TM (Group II) subdivided equally according to CIMT into Group IIa, with CIMT<0.5 mm and Group IIb with CIMT ≥ 0.5 mm, in addition to 50 healthy children as controls (Group I). All groups were subjected to measurement of plasma Ferritin, lipid profile, MDA and TAC colorimetrically. 8-OHdG levels were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in addition genotyping pattern for the SIRT1 (rs7069102) SNP was evaluated using PCR-CTPP technique. Values for AIP, ferritin, MDA and 8-OHdG levels, were significantly higher in β-TM groups compared to control with higher levels in patients with CIMT more than 0.5 mm but values of TAC and (HDL-C) showed significant decrease. CIMT was significantly correlated with age, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), ferritin, MDA and 8-OHdG, HDL-C and TAC. There was significant difference in C allele distribution of SIRT1 rs7096102 was 57% in control subjects, 29% in Group IIa and 23% in Group IIb. However, the allele G distribution was 43% in control subjects, 71% in Group IIa and 77% Group IIb. Significant association of SIRT1 (rs7069102) polymorphism with dyslipidemia, ferritin and oxidative stress may conduct atherosclerotic potential in β-TM by affecting the severity of CIMT. Key words: Beta-thalassemia major, carotid intima media thickness.
Journals
2018 EN
Adam Chiroma Mohammed · Sani Adamu · J. Joseph
+6 more
The present study was conducted to determine egg production and weight in layers experimentally infected with Salmonella gallinarum. Twenty layers were used for the research. The layers were purchased at the age of 18 weeks from certified commercial poultry farm in Kujama farm, Kaduna State, Nigeria and housed in the Animal Research Unit of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. The birds were examined to certify that they were disease free by collecting samples from the cloacal. The birds were assigned to two groups (infected and control) of ten layers each. The infected group was challenged with Salmonella gallinarum orally at the dose of 0.5 ml of 9 x 108 CFU/ml. All the birds in the control group were orally given 0.5 ml of normal saline. After the infection, all the infected layers were closely observed for clinical signs of fowl typhoid. Percentage of egg production and body weight were measured from each group at days zero (Day 0), 2, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42, post-infection (pi). By day seven post infection, all birds in the infected group showed clinical signs typical of fowl typhoid, namely, ruffled feathers, weakness, somnolence, greenish-yellow diarrhea, huddling together, decrease in feed and water consumption, and five of the layers died. There were, however, significant drop in egg production and loss of body weight in the S. gallinarum infected group. Key words: Fowl typhoid, Salmonella, inoculum, layers, egg production, body weight.
Journals
2018 EN
Ibrahim Turay Alpha
A new formula for mathematics is derived which gives the upper half of the series expansion of the expression (ay+b)2n, where n, is a natural number. A proof of the new formula is given followed by a simple example to test its accuracy. This formula is helpful whenever n is large. Key words: Series Expansion, fluid models, Intermolecular Potential model
Journals
2018 EN
Bader ALYousef Mohammed · Ali Naanah Ibrahim · Mufleh AL Khazam Awad
The study aims to reveal the perceptions of King Abdullah II School for Excellence teachers about the importance of using flipped learning in developing the reflective thinking of their students in Jordan. The population of the study consists of 227 male and female teachers. The sample of the study consists of 180 teachers: 87 males and 93 females selected using simple random method from the study society during the second semester of 2016/2017 session. The study tool, qustionaire used containing 50 items was divided into 5 stages: critical vision, detection of fallacies, give of convincing explanations, and suggestion of solutions. The study showed that the teachers’ perception of using flipped learning in developing their students’ reflective thinking was high in different disciplines; and there were significant differences in their perceptions based on their gender and experience. Lack of differences in their perceptions depends on specialization variable. From the findings of the study, the researchers presented a set of recommendations. Keywords: flipped learning, reflected thinking.
Journals
2018 EN
Wada Ibrahim
Cloud computing is an internet based, remote driven and service oriented technology emerged to provide infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), software as a service (SaaS) among others. By implementing cloud computing, libraries will significantly reduce cost of maintaining systems, save energy, register a global outlook on the web, expose library patrons to multi-variant information resources and optimize their services. This study tries to provide understanding on the general relevance of cloud computing to libraries and how libraries can be transformed into smart institution in order to implement the cloud technology. Five facilities such as digital resources, internet service, thin client architecture, wireless access point and digital librarian are considered as prerequisites for cloud computing deployment. It is recommended that libraries can revive and maintain their relevance by integrating with the cloud computing technology, which will make them part of Internet of Things (IoT) experience that will soon dominate the activities of every educational sector. Key words: Cloud computing, library, information technology, thin client, wireless access point.