Journals
2018 EN
Suzan S. Ibrahim · Ayman A. Hagrass · Tawfik R. Boulos
+3 more
The role of alumina waste as a reactive pozzolan for the local Portland cement has been thoroughly investigated. The results showed that the initial and final setting times of the hardened blended pastes were reduced significantly by increasing the amount of the added alumina. In addition, the compressive strength and the hydraulic property measures of the hardened blends showed progressive improvement reaching approximately 42% and 23% after the early ages of hydration (1 and 3 days), respectively. According to such conditions, these cement blends could be applied in many concrete applications, such as high speed construction, rapid repair, frost prevention, tunneling, shoring, gas and oil well cementing, that require concrete to have rapid setting and strength development abilities.The improvement of the physico-mechanical characteristics and the hydration kinetics of the hardened blended pastes with the recycled alumina were explained after the microstructure study included the examinations of hydration product morphology and type, the thermal gravimetric (TG), the differential scanning calometry (DSC) and the differential thermo-gravimetric (DTG) thermographs analyses. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the microstructure and morphology of hydration products.
Canadian Center of Science and Education
Journals
2018 EN
Albert John
International Journal of Chemistry wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated. Many authors, regardless of whether International Journal of Chemistry publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers.
Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 4
Abdul Rouf Dar, University of Florida, USA
Ahmad Galadima, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Nigeria
Ahmet Ozan Gezerman, Yildiz Technical University, Turkey
Asghari Gul, Comsats IIT, Pakistan
Ayodele Temidayo Odularu, University of Fort Hare, South Africa
Binod P Pandey, The Pennsylvania State University, USA
Di Cui, Temple University, USA
Elnaz Rostampour, Islamic Azad University, Iran
Fatima Tuz Johra, Kookmin University, Bangladesh
Han Zhang, TP Therapeutics, USA
Hesham G. Ibrahim, Al-Mergheb University, Libya
Ho Soon Min, INTI International University, Malaysia
Juan R. Garcia, Research Institute on Catalysis and Pertrochemistry (INCAPE), Argentina
Khaldun M. Al Azzam, Batterjee Medical College for Sciences and Technology, Saudi Arabia
Madduri Srinivasarao, Purdue University, USA
Mohamed Abass, Ain Shams University, Egypt
Mustafa Oguzhan Kaya, Siirt University, Turkey
Nejib Hussein Mekni, Al Manar University, Tunisia
Praveen Kumar, Texas Tech University, USA
Qun Ye, Institute of Materials Reseach and Engineering, Singapore
R. K. Dey, Birla Institute of Technology (BIT), India
Rabia Rehman, University of the Punjab, Pakistan
Rodrigo Vieira Rodrigues, University of São Paulo, Brazil
Saurav Sarma, University of Columbia Missouri, USA
Sitaram Acharya, Texas Christian University, USA
Syed A. A. Rizvi, Nova Southeastern University, USA
Vijay Ramalingam, Columbia University, USA
Zhixin Tian, Tongji University, China
Albert John
On behalf of,
The Editorial Board of International Journal of Chemistry
Canadian Center of Science and Education
Canadian Center of Science and Education
Journals
2018 EN
Munir Hassan · Anwar Al Shriaan · Ibrahim Mirza
The main objective of the paper is to analyze the performance of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Economies in terms of their Revealed Comparative Advantage for selected products in recent years. Index of Openness (IO) was calculated for certain selected economies. For most of the study period (2005-2013), the IO was higher for UAE than the other economies. The RCA estimated reveal that UAE had more comparative advantage in Manufactures. The main conclusion form the study is that in spite of decline in growth rates in most of the GCC economies due to the fall in oil prices, liquidity problems, instability and impact of China is declining growth, all the countries have exhibited stability in recent years and are on the path of progress with economic, political, and structural reforms. Attempts are being made in all the countries to revitalize the economy by diversification, improvements in infrastructure and less dependence on oil exports.
Canadian Center of Science and Education
Journals
2018 EN
Ibrahim Ngouhouo · Guivis Zeufack Nkemgha
Inflation is the main concern of developing Countries and particularly in Ivory Coast, a leading West Africa French speaking Country. The objective of this study is to make a comparative analysis of the effect of inflation on growth between Cameroon, a French speaking Central Africa Country where inflation is not a big concern and Ivory Coast. Using the Least Squares methodology, we find that inflation has no effect on economic growth in Cameroon during the study period. However, it has a negative and significant effect on economic growth in Ivory Coast. Also, the analysis of the causal relationship between inflation and economic growth using the Toda -Yamamoto framework and the Vector Autoregressive model show that there is a unidirectional causality from inflation to economic growth in Ivory Coast, while there is no causality between these variables in Cameroon.
Canadian Center of Science and Education
Journals
2018 EN
Mohand Fayz Saleem AL-Dweikat · Mohmoud Ibrahim Nour
This paper aims to analyzing the effect of strategic management accounting techniques on quality of financial information in private Jordanian universities in the capital, Amman. The study involves a questionnaire-based survey of dean and heads of department respondents from private Jordanian universities at Amman capital. A total of (212) valid questionnaire was finally obtained for analysis towards achieving the study objectives. Structural equation modeling was performed to understand the relationship between study variables. The results show that Benchmarking has a significant positive impact on Quality of Financial Information (Relevance, Understandability and Comparability). Value Chain Cost, also, has a significant positive impact on Quality of Financial Information (Relevance, Understandability and Comparability). As well as, Balanced Scorecard has a significant positive impact on Quality of Financial Information.This study displays the important role of strategic management accounting techniques in enhancing the Quality of Financial Information, as well as, helps decision makers to take their decisions based on Information Relevance, Understandability and Comparability.
Canadian Center of Science and Education
Journals
2018 EN
Mohamed Elmi · Ibrahim Robleh
The Unemployment and the poverty are problems which exist throughout in the world. Many methodologies and policies are proposed in the literature for defeating them. The Republic of Djibouti is among these countries which has the problems of the unemployment and the poverty. For fighting the unemployment and the poverty, the government of Djibouti takes many initiatives such as the Strategic Document for Reducing the Poverty (SDRP) in 2003 and National Initiative of Social Development (NISD) in 2007 and created agencies for promoting the entrepreneurships. Despite of all these measures, the unemployment and the poverty rate still remain high critical level. In this paper, we propose another alternative- the classification of unemployed persons, the creation of service industries by structuring the informal jobs and a manner to create manufacturing industries.Our proposed methodology allows the reducing of the unemployment rate of order 6% (six percent) and if we apply it on all informal jobs in Djibouti, the unemployment rate will decrease of order 20% at 25% (twenty to twenty five percent). We also discuss how to update the used measures till today.
Canadian Center of Science and Education
Journals
2018 EN
Mohamed Ibrahim Mugableh
This paper examines equilibrium relationships and dynamic causality analyses between economic growth and fiscal policy tools in Jordan for the (1978-2017) period. It employs autoregressive distributed lag and vector error correction models. The results suggest that there is evidence of a co-integration and causal relationships between economic growth and fiscal policy instruments. General government expenditures have long-run positive impact on economic growth, implying that general government expenditures improve economic growth. Moreover, total tax rates have long-run negative impact on economic growth, implying that a tax cut stimulates economic growth. These results are broadly consistent with similar studies carried out for other developing economies.
Canadian Center of Science and Education
Journals
2018 EN
Ibrahim Bashir · Hamisu Hamisu Haruna · Kamariah Yunus
English language in Nigeria has the status as an official language that is used in local and international correspondences. One aspect of English grammar that is very hard for second language users including Nigerians to master is prepositions. Not only that English prepositions difficult, they are also the most frequently used items in newspapers that play an important role to signal political and cultural discourses. This study aims to describe the usage and communicative functions of spatial prepositions “in, on and at” in the headlines of four major Nigerian newspapers. Primarily, to achieve that the present study adopted Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics. Data were collected through the analyses of 21 headlines from four selected major Nigerian newspapers. The findings revealed that Vanguard, a major Nigerian newspaper, has the highest percentage of the usage of target prepositions (26.86%), seconded by Punch (24.92%), followed by the Sun (24.27%), and lastly the lowest percentage, The Nation (23.95%). Also, it was revealed from the study that newspaper editors preferred to use preposition “at” (indicating specific location) but replaced it with preposition “in” (indicating broader location). Moreover, despite the frequent usage of preposition “in” in replacement of preposition “at”, they also preferred the forward position that expresses uncertainty compared to mid-ward and backward positions. This study concludes that people can be united ideologically especially on issues that foster nationalism through the use of newspaper headlines since newspaper headline is a new form of discourse that may initiate, sustain, and shape the political and other national agenda
Canadian Center of Science and Education
Journals
2018 EN
Ibrahim Bashir · Kamariah Yunus · Aliyu Abdullahi
The language of the law as it is called “legalese” has very distinctive lexical and structural patterns which in many ways different from the “traditional forms of language”. Its conservatism is linked directly to the need for unambiguous language that has already been tried and tested in the courts. By retaining to traditional lexis and structure lawyers can be confident that the language of the law is consistent and precise. This study aims to give some insights on apparent lexico-grammatical features characterised legal phraseology. The present study adopts a corpus-based approach to investigate those distinctive features of legal phraseology such as the uses binomial words, colligation of prepositions, prefabricated word combinations directly prescribed by law, and their semantic functions. This overview compiles data from the books, and empirical studies as well as theoretical and conceptual works conducted in the premises of legal phraseology. Some implications for English for specific purposes are given.
Canadian Center of Science and Education
Journals
2018 EN
Ibrahim Bashir · Kamariah Yunus · Tamer Mohammed Al-Jarrah
This is a corpus-based study on the uses and functions of modal verbs “will” and “shall” in the Nigerian legal discourse. It aims at examining their pragmatic functions as hedges in the legal discourse. It specifically aims to investigate how hedges are used in the legal texts to indicate precision and uncertainty. To achieve these objectives a specialised corpus was constructed which we named as “Nigerian Law Corpus” (NLC). The compilation of NLC is based on the Nigerian court proceedings and law reports. Hence, the compiled NLC corpus contains 546,313-word tokens. Meanwhile, reference corpus of law with 2.2 million word tokens based on the British National Corpus (BNC) is retrieved for comparison with NLC. To this end, two concordance tools were utilised to analyse the data of this study viz. “AntConc version 3.5” a semi-automated computer-aided tool and a web-based tool “Lextutor version 7”. Based on the frequency distribution the results revealed that model verb “will” featured in 493 instances in the NLC and 7,711 instances in the BNC Law, while, “shall” occurred at 401 instances in NLC and 1,348 instances in BNC Law. The results also indicated that “shall” was an overused element in NLC than in BNC Law with standardised concordance hits per million (NLC=734, BNC Law =589) while, “will” is the least used element of NLC (902 instances per million) compared to BNC Law (3,369 instances per million). The study also enumerated different semantic and pragmatic functions of “will” and “shall” in legal discourse, citing examples from both tag corpus (NLC) and reference corpus (BNC Law). Some of the functions as hedges (conveying a truth value of a proposition) are epistemic meanings: politeness, obligation, precision, duty, intention, and permission. In nutshell, the results indicated that “will” and “shall” are used by legal practitioners more especially lawyers in a courtroom to achieve precision in their argument in a case to persuade the court by showing the true value of commitment of the proposition.
Canadian Center of Science and Education