The present study aimed to identify the Critical Success Factors of balanced scorecard at Jordanian Commercial Banks, as well as, reveal its effect on Financial Performance The study adapts the quantitative method to achieve their objectives. A randomaly sample of the employees of the higher and middle administrations (managers, deputies, their assistants and sector managers) at Jordanian Commercial Banks selected totaling (120) individuals. Exploratory Factor Analysis, Reliability, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural equation Modelling was performed. The results indicate that the Top Management, Strategic intent, HR aspects and Systems and techniques are Critical Success Factors of balanced scorecard with reliable and valid. Inaddition, the Top Management, Strategic intent, HR aspects and Systems and techniques Success Factors positively effect on financial performance at Jordanian Commercial Banks.
Clinical judgment (CJ) is considered a vital and crucial ability for nurses that can help them to improve their practical or clinical capabilities, particularly in the internship period. Nursing interns pass through a transient period with significant job responsibilities. They face multifaceted issues, dilemmas, and problems that oblige them to use CJ skills. CJ is a talent and clever skill which should be acquired by nursing interns. The current study is a quantitative study that aims to determine CJ knowledge and skills among nursing interns in nursing practice. A descriptive exploratory design was used. A systematic random sample of 150 nursing interns out of 305 was selected and assigned as a survey group. The data was collected in internship training hospitals in Damanhur, Egypt (Damanhur Medical National Institute, El Raee El Saleh, El Farok and Kafer El Dawar Hospitals). One tool was used for data collection, the Clinical Judgment Evaluation Sheet (CJES), which included two parts. The first part was the Clinical Judgment Knowledge Test that was developed by the researchers to collect the necessary data regarding the CJ knowledge needs of nursing interns. The Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric (LCJR) 2009 was the second part. It was developed based on Tanner’s work in 2006 and included eleven skills in the four phases delineated with CJ developmental skills (noticing, interpreting, responding, and reflecting). Results revealed that the nursing interns have a serious lack of knowledge about the concept of CJ in nursing practice. Additionally, they have a great deficiency in the knowledge about all phases of the CJ process in nursing practice. As well, they suffered from observed insufficiently CJ skills in the nursing practice, respectfully. These findings confirmed that the nursing interns in Damanhur governorate have necessitated to an educational program about CJ knowledge skills. In conclusion, there is an obvious and serious lack of nursing interns’ CJ knowledge and skills in nursing practice in Egypt. Therefore, CJ teaching programs or self-learning references are important for them for developing and improving CJ knowledge and skills. Nurse educators and preceptors should take initiative steps in developing teaching sessions, models, and instructional aides to empower their nursing intern’s students in CJ practice.
Every day and every moment, nurses have to deal with a wide variety of patient’s issues and problems, with multiple difficulties and conflicts. Nurse’s judgment considers the core component of healthcare activities. This judgment directs her/his achievement and choices, not for her/him only, but for other healthcare professionals. Thus, nurses have to be competent observers and decision makers with reasoning and sound regarding their intervention and practice. Clinical judgment skills are essential aptitudes in nursing practice, predominantly, in nursing internship intermediary period, in which, a graduate nurse faced several predicaments and obstacles in such transitory experience from academic work to real labor. The present study aimed to develop a clinical judgment model to guide nursing interns in their nursing practice and assess its effectiveness on nursing interns’ clinical judgment knowledge and skills. The study passed through Quasi-experimental pretest-posttest research design. A stratified random sampling approach was used to recruit 50 nursing interns as an experimental group out of 305. The collection of data was carried out in the following hospitals of nurses’ intern’s training: Damanhur Medical National Institute, El Raee El Saleh, El Farok and Kafer El Dawar Hospitals, in Damanhur, Egypt. The Clinical Judgment Evaluation Sheet (CJES) was employed to collect necessary data. It included two parts: the Clinical Judgment Knowledge Test that was developed by Fathi & Aly in 2018, beside the Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric (LCJR) that was developed by Kathie Lasater et al., in 2009. Results before using the developed model demonstrated that there were observed lacking in knowledge and skills about clinical judgment in nursing practice among experimental group. Then improvements were noticed after using the developed clinical judgment model. These results confirm that the use of an educational and self-learning reference such as the developed clinical judgment model is a successful tool for Egyptian nursing interns in nursing practice. Conclusion and recommendations: There is an understandable deficiency of nursing interns’ clinical judgment knowledge and skills in nursing practice. But, after using the developed clinical judgment model with them as a self-learning reference, it was confirmed that it is a helpful approach to develop and improve clinical judgment knowledge and skills of nursing interns. Creativity in using instructional aides and self-learning approaches is an essential ability that is important among nurse educators and preceptors who direct nursing intern’s performance. For further sturdies, replicate the study using the developed model with different subjects in nursing practice or develop new instructive models about creative, reflective, discovery, and decision-making models among nursing interns.
Objective: Considering nurses’ psychological status, work decision involvement, emotions, anxiety, and motivation, is an important issue for attaining nurses’ retention and maintaining their preservation in their work positions. Work motivation is the key that enhances employee performance which is influenced by numerous internal and external factors; job anxiety is the apparent one. The current study is directed to achieve two aims: to assess the work motivation level and self-rated anxiety among nurses and to investigate the relationship between them. Therefore, a descriptive, correlative research design was applied with 300 registered nurses in King Abd El Aziz governmental hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Methods: A triple-section questionnaire was used for data collection that involved: First, Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale (MWMS) that was developed by Gagne et al. in 2010. Second, Self-Rated Anxiety Sub-scale which was developed by Warr et al. in 1979. Third, sociodemographic questions were included.Results: About three-quarters of Suadi nurses have high work motivation level concerning introjected and identified regulations while more than half of them have a high level of work motivation regarding amotivation and extrinsic regulations. Consequently, most of the participants have high scores in work motivation level. As regards, self-rated anxiety, all study subjects have a certain level of anxiety at work, but the majority of them were with low level. As pertaining the correlation between both study variables, there is a negative correlation between work motivation level and self-rated anxiety and the present study proved that Saudi registered nurses in King Abd El Aziz governmental hospital have high work motivation level scores with low self-rated anxiety scores.Conclusions: The current study confirms that the Saudi nurses in Jeddah have high work motivation level with low anxiety. Furthermore, the study provides evidence of a negative or inverse correlation between work motivation level and self-rated anxiety among Saudi registered nurses in King Abd El Aziz governmental hospital. Nurses should be aware by the importance of motivation in their job and at the same time, be aware of the risks of work-related anxiety. Nurse Managers have to tailor all factors which are surrounding nurses in a hospital environment, organizational structure and culture to be positively motivated and, at the same time, to alleviate any tendency of work-related anxiety. Furthermore, work motivation and anxiety should be involved and integrated into the nursing curriculum in nursing schools.Further researches: A research about the effect of the work motivation educational program on nurse manager’s leadership skills, is needed. A study about the correlation between work motivation and other negative or positive variables in work environment among nurses is necessitated. Also, assessment of nurses’ work motivation and anxiety using different tools such as value test, emotional inventory and adjustment skills measurement.
Nurses passed through many stressful experiences during nursing work. Emotional support and considering their emotional needs can alleviate such work-associated tension and contribute to the quality of their performance. Nurses’ happiness and awareness of their influence on work are necessary blocks to build the nurses’ emotional steadiness, and thus their work retention and turnover rates would be maintained. This study establishes to attain two aims: First: to identify the levels of nurses’ happiness and the awareness of their influence on work, in governmental and private hospitals, in Jeddah, Kingdom Saudi Arabia (KSA). Second: to determine the correlation between those perceived variables. Thus, a descriptive, correlative and comparative research design was employed with 300 registered nurses in King Abd El Aziz governmental hospital and 200 registered nurses in private International Medical Center, Jeddah, KSA. A survey method was applied for data collection, and the study questionnaire involved three parts. Part one is about nurses’ personal profile. The second part included happiness subscale, which was developed by Warr et al., in 1979 and the third one is the individual influence on the work scale that was developed by Toode et al., in 2015. The study findings reveal that the majority of both study groups reported a fair level of happiness, with a moderate awareness level of their influence on work. Additionally, nurses who are working in private hospital have a higher awareness level of their influence on work and happiness, more than the nurses who are working in the governmental hospital. Study subjects who experience a high level of happiness have a high level of awareness of their influence on the work. Therefore, the correlation coefficient among both research variables in both hospitals indicated a noteworthy stronger positive correlation. Conclusion and recommendations: nurse’s happiness and awareness of their influence on work are essential emotional aspects to be considered in nursing management. Fitting plan for nurses’ psychological stability at work should be designed and implemented, particularly in governmental hospitals in Jeddah. Also, Nurse Manager should assess and maintain a high nurses’ happiness level and awareness of their influence on the work; consequently, nurses work product will be improved. Further studies are needed to investigate the study variables by different measurement tools for behaviors or skills. A study about an assessment of the relation between the nurse’s emotional status and their performance is suggested.
The purpose of the study is to see whether intercultural communication, an elective course, taught through case analyses in the department of English language teaching is effective on the level of students’ intercultural sensitivity. For this purpose, we conducted the study based on the explanatory sequential design. The participants were senior students (teacher candidates) in English Language teaching department in Pamukkale University in Turkey. The participants were in two elective courses: intercultural communication and sociolinguistics. The data were collected through intercultural sensitivity scale quantitatively and group focused interviews with students and instructors qualitatively. The quantitative data were analyzed by means of ANOVA for mixed measures to compare the means of two groups. In addition, qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis in terms of emerging codes and themes. Our results indicated that the contribution of intercultural communication course to the development of intercultural sensitivity among students was significant. Both the students and the instructor revealed in the interviews that the activities carried out throughout the semester contributed a lot to increase their awareness towards intercultural communication components and to the development of their intercultural sensitivity.
Objective: There is a lack of research on the impact of transitioning inpatient procedures to the outpatient setting, specifically on process time. Unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA) presents an opportunity for further investigation as it is already in the early stages of transitioning to the outpatient setting. Methods: This study analyzed the medical records of 1,075 patients who received UKA from a single surgeon (400 in the outpatient setting and 675 in the inpatient setting). Time in Pre-Op, surgery time, and time in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) were recorded and compared between inpatient and outpatient settings using Ordinary Least Squares Regression models. Results: Outpatient UKAs outperformed inpatient UKAs across two out of three process time variables even after controlling for comorbidities, social history, demographics, and surgery related characteristics. Actual surgery time was no different between the two settings. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that UKA performed in the outpatient setting is associated substantial time savings preoperatively and postoperatively compared with cases performed in the inpatient setting. More research is needed to compare other outcome measures such as patient outcomes of UKA between the two settings. Implications beyond time savings should consider supply and human resources costs.
Background and objective: Rubella or German measles is infectious disease that affects both child and adult, but when associated with pregnancy, especially in first trimester, fetus can be exposed to various problems as abortion, multiple birth defects, and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). This study aimed to assess awareness of pregnant women about rubella and to identify the impact of an educational program about rubella for pregnant women attending antenatal outpatient clinic in Women’s Health Hospital, Assiut University, Egypt.Methods: Quasi-experimental research design was carried out included 300 pregnant women in their first trimester. Direct interview using a semi-structured questionnaire which involved two parts: part (1) included personal data, family, and medical history, and part (2) involved questions directed to pregnant women to assess their knowledge about rubella. An educational program was applied on women as an intervention by session meeting classes. The data of knowledge were collected after the intervention then analyzed.Results: More than one third (38%) of the studied pregnant women were 25-30 years. The mean score of knowledge regarding rubella among pregnant women was 5.83 ± 2.48 in the pretest which improved significantly in the posttest to 20.07 ± 1.86.Conclusions and recommendations: The results revealed lack of awareness regarding rubella among studied women which increased after the application of the educational program. It is important to increase the availability of antenatal care services and provide adequate counseling for women before pregnancy about Rubella infection.