Journals
2025 EN
Winkie Colin A. · Grisham John M. · Mezoff Ethan A.
+2 more
Abstract Hemostatic powder sprays are a valuable adjunct therapy in the management of gastrointestinal bleeds. Currently, available hemostatic powder spray delivery systems are designed for endoscopes with 2.8 mm operational channels. This limits their use in endoscopes with smaller operational channels designed for patients with atypical anatomy and small children. We report a case in which delivery of hemostatic spray was accomplished through a 2.2 mm working channel by way of after‐market modification to the delivery system.
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Journals
2025 EN
Freeman Jeanette · Miller Steven D. · Hoskins Brett J.
Abstract Ingestion of multiple magnets can lead to serious complications, including foreign body appendicitis. Appendicitis usually develops when an object blocks the appendiceal orifice, though outcomes may vary from asymptomatic passage to acute inflammation. While several case reports have documented appendectomy for magnet‐induced foreign body appendicitis, and one report described endoscopic removal of magnets in a patient with appendicitis, this case is the first to report successful endoscopic removal of high‐powered magnets from the appendix in an asymptomatic child. This intervention potentially prevented the development of appendicitis and the need for surgery. This case highlights the importance of considering foreign body retention in the appendix when objects fail to progress beyond the right lower quadrant.
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Journals
2025 EN
Leonard Marlee · Chaleshtari Zahra Abbasian · Adamy Steven T.
+4 more
Abstract The hydrophilic–lipophilic difference (HLD) equation is being used extensively for designing oil‐in‐water based surfactant systems to maximize oil solubility and minimize oil–water interfacial tension. However, the equation was developed for and almost always presumes that the salt is sodium chloride. The work described in this paper extends the equation to other monovalent cations (Li, K) and divalent anions (CO 3 ). The equation was adjusted for molecular weight and the number of cations in the salt. For anionic surfactants, the Hofmeister series successfully qualitatively predicts that the salt concentration to reach HLD = 0 scales with Li > Na > K, that is, the surfactant with lithium requires more salt for the water to reach the hydrophobicity required. Although the exact salt concentration depends on the anionic surfactant headgroup, the difference in optimal salinity between two cations appears to not be dependent on headgroup. Also, CO 3 reduces the activity of the cation as compared to Cl. For narrow‐range alcohol ethoxylates, there is little difference between Na and K; while Li requires more salt for a given increase in hydrocarbon number of carbons to reach HLD = 0. A broad‐range ethoxylate gives inconsistent results, which we attribute to the finite solubility of some surfactant components in the oil.
Journals
2025 EN
Adamy Steven T.
ABSTRACT Studies were performed to assess foaming behavior in systems containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and various alcohols. The alcohols included linear alcohols ( n = 5–12) as well as branched variants of similar carbon number. Measurements of foamability, dynamic and equilibrium surface tension, and time‐dependent dilational moduli were conducted. It was found that peaks in foamability occurred in linear systems at longer chain lengths n (greater than 10 carbons), although not exactly at n = 12. Foamability peaks additionally depended on mole fraction. Systems with branched alcohols did not exhibit peaks in foamability. Additionally, a clear correlation between surface tension and foamability was not found. Measurements of complex dilational modulus ( ε *) and elastic ( ε ′) and loss ( ε ″) components showed that complex moduli exhibited similar trends to those of the foam measurements, but did not exhibit peak values. Regions of jumps in foamability were correlated with behaviors where ε ″ > ε ′. Behaviors of foamability and moduli in linear and branched alcohol systems could be analyzed by considering the second‐order kappa shape index, a topological descriptor. It was found that peaks in foaming behavior occurred where the ratio of shape parameters for SDS and alcohol were approximately equal to 1.
Journals
2025 EN
Hasan Mahmood Ul · Singh Zora · Buckham Lochlan
+3 more
Abstract BACKGROUND Chilling injury (CI) in Japanese plums ( Prunus salicina Lindell) is a critical cold storage constraint that adversely impacts fruit quality and marketability. Jasmonic acid (JA) and its methyl derivative ‘methyl jasmonate’ (MeJA) are widely studied phytohormones for the mitigation of CI in several fruit crops, whereas their efficacy in Japanese plums remains unexplored. Freshly harvested ‘Black Amber’ and ‘Tegan Blue’ plums were dipped for 1 min in 0 (control), 25, 75 or 250 ppm of aqueous solutions/emulsion of jasmonic acid (JA), methyl jasmonate’ (MeJA) and the ethylene precursor aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC), and cold stored for 14 and 28 days followed by 1 and 2 days under shelf conditions. Fruits were evaluated for CI incidence, CI index, relative electrolyte leakage (REL) and other physicochemical quality attributes. RESULTS JA and MeJA treatments significantly reduced CI in both cultivars. In ‘Black Amber’ plums, MeJA 250 ppm decreased CI incidence to 16.6% compared to control (56.7%). In ‘Tegan Blue’ plums, 250 ppm JA and 25 ppm MeJA lowered CI incidence to 35% compared to 81.7% in control. REL was significantly reduced in JA and MeJA treatments. The flesh firmness remained higher in ‘Tegan Blue’ plums treated with all three concentrations of MeJA dip treatment. The soluble solids content (SSC) and SSC:titratable acidity (TA) ratio was significantly increased in ‘Black Amber’ plums dipped in an aqueous solution of ACC (250 ppm). The percentage of TA was not significantly affected by JA, MeJA and ACC treatments. CONCLUSION This is the first study to show that the application of MeJA and to a lesser extent JA alleviated CI in both cultivars of plum fruit without compromising fruit quality. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Journals
2025 EN
Emile Sameh Hany · Horesh Nir · Garoufalia Zoe
+4 more
ABSTRACT Background This study aimed to investigate factors associated with prolonged operative time in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for colon cancer. Methods This was a retrospective review of patients with colon cancer who underwent laparoscopic right hemicolectomy between 2011 and 2021. Linear and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to determine factors associated with prolonged operative time. The association between longer operative times and complications and hospital stay was assessed. Results One hundred and ninety‐seven patients (52.3% female; mean age: 68.8 ± 14.1 years) were included. Factors independently associated with operative time were male sex ( β = 17.3, 95% CI: 2, 32.5; p = 0.026) and extended hemicolectomy ( β = 67.7, 95% CI: 27.6, 107.9; p = 0.001). American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) IV classification had a borderline significant association with operative time ( β = 100.4, 95% CI: −2.05, 202.9; p = 0.055). Male sex ( r = 0.158; p = 0.026), body mass index ( r = 0.205; p = 0.004), ASA classification ( r = 0.232; p = 0.001), extended hemicolectomy ( r = 0.256; p < 0.001), and intracorporeal vessel control ( r = 0.161; p = 0.025) had significant positive correlation with operative times. Patients with operative times ≥ 160 min had significantly longer hospital stays (5 vs. 4 days; p = 0.043) and similar complication rates to patients with shorter operative times. Conclusions Male sex, advanced ASA classification, and extended hemicolectomy were independently and significantly associated with longer operative times in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy. Longer operative times were associated with longer hospital stays and similar complication rates.
Journals
2025 EN
Tseng William W. · Barretta Francesco · Tucci Francesco
+12 more
ABSTRACT Background Pleomorphic liposarcoma (PLPS) is an ultra‐rare malignancy distinct from well‐differentiated/dedifferentiated and myxoid liposarcoma. In this study, we sought to (1) assess outcomes after surgery for primary, non‐metastatic PLPS and (2) explore potential indications for multimodality therapy. Methods Clinicopathologic data were retrospectively collected for patients treated from 2002 to 2019 at our sarcoma referral center. Descriptive data were summarized and Kaplan–Meier plots were constructed for overall survival (OS) and crude cumulative incidences (CCI) of disease‐specific death (DSD), local recurrence (LR), and distant metastasis (DM). Univariable models were performed to assess the association of specific variables of interest on outcome. Results Forty‐four pathology‐verified PLPS cases were included in this study. Median tumor size was 8.5 cm; 75% were FNCLCC Grade 3. All patients underwent complete resection, including 15 patients (34%) who required re‐excision to secure microscopic negative margins. Radiation therapy was given to 75% of patients, chemotherapy in 36%. At 5 years, OS was 75.3%; CCI of DSD, LR, and DM were 17.5%, 2.3%, and 32.5%. Larger tumor size was strongly associated with worse OS ( p = 0.028) and DSD ( p ≤ 0.001). A subgroup of patients ( n = 10, 23%) with smaller, predominantly Grade 2 tumors underwent surgery alone without any LR or DM event at a median follow‐up of 7.9 years. Conclusions In PLPS, aggressive surgery and when appropriate, radiation therapy, results in excellent local control. Chemotherapy can be considered for larger tumors. Patients with smaller, Grade 2 tumors may be potentially cured with surgery alone.
Journals
2025 EN
Bauer Philip S. · Gamboa Adriana C. · Otegbeye Ebunoluwa E.
+12 more
ABSTRACT Background and Objectives The RAPIDO trial showed promising rates of pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant short‐course radiation with consolidation chemotherapy (total neoadjuvant therapy [SC TNT]) for rectal cancer. Only single‐center reviews comparing tumor downstaging between SC TNT and long‐course chemoradiation (LCRT) have been published in the United States. We reviewed our multi‐institutional experience with both. Methods The US Rectal Cancer Consortium database (2007–2018) including data from six high‐volume rectal cancer care centers was reviewed. Patients with nonmetastatic, rectal adenocarcinoma who had neoadjuvant LCRT alone or SC TNT before excision or definitive nonoperative management were included. The primary outcome was the rate of complete response (CR), including pCR or durable (12 month) clinical complete response. Results Of 857 included patients, 175 (20%) received SC TNT and 682 (80%) received LCRT. The LCRT group had more low tumors (51.8% vs. 37.1%, p < 0.0001) and more clinically node‐negative disease (31.8% vs. 22.3%, p < 0.0001). The CR rate was higher after SC TNT (34.1% vs. 20.3%, p = 0.0001). SC TNT was a predictor of CR (OR: 2.52, CI: 1.68–3.78). SC TNT patients completing 5–6 months of consolidation chemotherapy had a CR rate of 42.9%. There was no difference in 3‐year PFS. Conclusions SC TNT increases CR rate when compared to LCRT. For patients seeking nonoperative options or fewer radiation treatments, SC TRT should be preferred over LCRT alone.
Journals
2025 EN
Butler Zachary · Yu Austin · Honore Lesly
+5 more
ABSTRACT Introduction Atypical lipomatous tumor (ALT) in the extremities is a locally aggressive adipocytic tumor with the potential risk of transformation into dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLS). Studies seldom differentiate whether DDLS was diagnosed on initial biopsy, final resected specimen, or subsequent recurrence. Our study seeks to characterize how and when patients received their ALT or DDLS diagnoses to better understand the relationship between the two neoplasms. Methods We performed a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with ALT or DDLS of the extremities. Clinical characteristics, including the method of diagnosis of an ALT or DDLS, time between diagnoses, and tumor recurrence was recorded. Univariate/multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors. Results Forty‐five patients were diagnosed with ALT after core needle biopsy (CNB) and 41 of them received marginal en bloc excision. Three (7.3%) of these patients had a heterogeneous tumor on final resection, pathology revealed both ALT and DDLS. Four patients (8.2%) were diagnosed with DDLS from CNB and received negative margin en bloc excision. One of these tumors was identified as heterogeneous ALT/DDLS after resection. Fifty‐three patients received marginal en bloc resection without CNB after a benign lipomatous mass was suspected on CT/MRI. Among these, one (1.9%) had a tumor with a heterogeneous composition of both ALT and DDLS on pathology. There were 11 (11.7%) ALT recurrences and 1 (1.0%) DDLS recurrence after ALT resection. Conclusion Obtaining a proper diagnosis whether ALT or DDLS is critical. Our cohort found that amongst those concerning lipomatous lesions biopsied, 7.84% will show biopsy proven DDLS. Additionally, 6.67% of the biopsies will be false negatives and show DDLS on final pathology. Furthermore, our local recurrence for ALT was 11.7% recurring as ALT and 1.0% recurring as DDLS.
Journals
2025 EN
Zeitlinger Lauren · Chavez George M. · Wilson Machelle D.
+4 more
ABSTRACT Background/Objectives Intraoperative peripheral margin sampling in soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is a routine practice among musculoskeletal oncologists. Practice patterns are variable, and evidence to support it is lacking. Rates of peripheral margin sampling at our institution were analyzed in addition to its clinical utility and cost‐effectiveness. Methods Peripheral margin sampling patterns at a tertiary sarcoma center were retrospectively evaluated. Concordance between peripheral margins and final pathology was assessed using McNemar's test and κ Coefficient. Clinical outcomes were compared, and a cost‐utility analysis was performed. Results A total of 179 patients were included. 66% had peripheral margins sampled of which 23% had frozen margins analyzed. Ten patients had positive margins (5.5% of all patients; 8.4% in those with margins sampled) and R1 margins on the final tumor specimen were identified in 15 patients (8.4%). There were no R2 resections. Three patients underwent repeat surgical resection (20%). Three patients with R1 resections had negative peripheral margins sampled, suggesting falsely reassuring peripheral margins. Peripheral margin sampling averaged $5000/patient. Conclusions Routine peripheral margin sampling in STS resection is of questionable utility with added cost. Prospective studies are warranted to determine the optimal approach to surgical margin assessment.