Spatially disordered environments stabilize competitive metacommunities

Metapopulation models have been instrumental in demonstrating the ecologicalimpact of landscape structure on the survival of a focal species in complexenvironments. However, extensions to multiple species with arbitrary dispersalnetworks often rely on phenomenological assumptions limiting their scope. Here,we develop a multilayer network model of competitive dispersing metacommunitiesto investigate how spatially structured environments impact species coexistenceand ecosystem stability. We show that homogeneous environments always lead tomonodominance unless all species' fitness parameters are in an exact trade-off.However, this precise fine-tuning does not guarantee coexistence in genericheterogeneous environments. By introducing general spatial disorder in themodel, we solve it exactly in the mean-field limit, finding that stablecoexistence becomes possible in the presence of strong disorder. Crucially,coexistence is supported by the spontaneous localization of species through theemergence of ecological niches. Our results remain qualitatively valid inarbitrary dispersal networks, where topological features can improve speciescoexistence. Finally, we employ our model to study how correlated disorderpromotes spatial ecological patterns in realistic terrestrial and riverinelandscapes. Our work provides a novel framework to understand how landscapestructure enables coexistence in metacommunities by acting as the substrate forecological interactions.

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Pschitt!: A Cultural History of the Perfume Vaporizer

This article examines the history of an object that has played a key role in the history of perfume: the spray bottle, which appeared in France in the second half of the nineteenth century and introduced new gestures as well as production and consumption practices. The result of a new technique based on fluid mechanics, the perfume spray integrated a constellation of perfume diffusion devices that flourished at the time and became an essential aspect of our representations of perfume. Its success provides us with insight into the public’s conceptions and uses of perfume at the time, including consumers’ expectations and appropriations.

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NF9 peptide specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte clone cross react to Y453F mutation of SARS-CoV-2 virus spike protein

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National survey to update the diagnostic reference levels in interventional radiology procedures in Italy: working methodology

Bialy-Mironov type rigidity for centrally symmetric symplectic billiards