Which EEG Electrodes Should Be Considered for Alertness Assessment?

The analysis of EEG signal is one of the objective methods used in alertness assessment. Many publications confirm the correct assessment of alertness level based on the analysis of selected brain waves. EEG registration is a difficult task; one of the important problems is the necessity to choose which EEG electrode to download the signal for analysis. The authors use different electrodes, often without justifying the choice. Equally often, the only justification is to say that the analyzed signal was the strongest among those available, or the least contaminated with artifacts. The aim of the article is to try to answer the question: signals which electrodes (channels) should be included in the alertness assessment. 33 participants took part in the experiment. Blue and red light was used to stimulate alertness. The impact of such light is documented in many publications. Alertness changes due to specific color of light were evaluated – the changes of alpha and beta bands were analyzed. Statistical analysis has shown that for alertness assessment the following electrodes should be considered: C3 and FC1 for alpha band and F3 and FP1 – for beta band signals.

Disbalance and fatigue of the spinal extensors as one of the causes of the overload disease of the lumbar spine.

The experiment showed a slight disbalance in the average bioelectromyographic activity in the area of spinal extensors during their symmetrical work. This can be the basis for the development of the overload disease in the weaker muscle parts, which generate more fatigue during the activity. It is worth to carry out similar tests in a much greater group, taking the longer-lasting muscular effort into account.

The determinants of quality and satisfaction in the opinion of small medical service enterprises’ customers – the chosen problems

Problematyka zrzeczenia się praw autorskich w ustawodawstwie polskim

Rights and obligations of the patients in the primary health care

A Compendium to the Phosphoregulation of Mitosis

The Effect of a Common Daily Schedule on Human Circadian Rhythms During the Polar Day in Svalbard: A Field Study

All Arctic visitors have to deal with extreme conditions, including a constant high light intensity during the summer season or constant darkness during winter. The light/dark cycle serves as the most potent synchronizing signal for the biological clock, and any Arctic visitor attending those regions during winter or summer would struggle with the absence of those entraining signals. However, the inner clock can be synchronized by other zeitgebers such as physical activity, food intake, or social interactions. Here, we investigated the effect of the polar day on the circadian clock of 10 researchers attending the polar base station in the Svalbard region during the summer season. The data collected in Svalbard was compared with data obtained just before leaving for the expedition (in the Czech Republic 49.8175°N, 15.4730°E). To determine the circadian functions, we monitored activity/rest rhythm with wrist actigraphy followed by sleep diaries, melatonin rhythm in saliva, and clock gene expression ( Per1, Bmal1, and Nr1D1 ) in buccal mucosa samples. Our data shows that the two-week stay in Svalbard delayed melatonin onset but did not affect its rhythmic secretion, and delayed the activity/rest rhythm. Furthermore, the clock gene expression displayed a higher amplitude in Svalbard compared to the amplitude detected in the Czech Republic. We hypothesize that the common daily schedule at the Svalbard expedition strengthens circadian rhythmicity even in conditions of compromised light/dark cycles. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate peripheral clock gene expression during a polar expedition.

Aprendizagem ao longo de toda a vida e letramento digital de idosos: um modelo multidisciplinar de intervenção com o apoio de um aplicativo

Lifelong learning is a new paradigm and organizing principle for the 21st century education and learning systems proposed by UNESCO. Digital literacy involves other new skills and can help in the use of Information and Communication Technologies for the benefit of personal and collective life. It is proposed to carry out a literacy and digital literacy intervention for the elderly with two educational methodologies, with and without the use of an application.

Prospecção fitoquímica de cruá vermelho (Sicana odorifera Naudin) e atividade antioxidante do fruto

Tradução e Apresentação da tragédia 'A Morte de Lucrécia', de Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Tradução e apresentação da tragédia, em prosa, ainda inédita em língua portuguesa, intitulada A Morte de Lucrécia, composta por Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Trata-se de uma história que foi anteriormente relatada por Tito Lívio e gravita em torno da morte de Lucrécia, acontecimento importante que antecedeu o estabelecimento da república de Roma. O texto, inacabado, foi escrito em 1754 e é composto por dois atos e dezoito fragmentos, ainda assim, é de interesse para o leitor de Rousseau e da Filosofia das Luzes.