Subduction and Extrusion of an Ultra‐High Pressure Oceanic Plate Interface (Lower Shear Zone, Monviso Massif, Western Alps)

Abstract The Lower Shear Zone (LSZ) of the Monviso Massif (Western Alps) constitutes a block‐in‐matrix remnant of the subduction plate interface, now tectonically emplaced into the Western Alpine orogenic belt. Here, we combine observations from cartographic to microscopic scales, focusing on garnet‐bearing lithologies in both the mafic blocks and the serpentinite‐metasedimentary matrix of the LSZ. Our study combines meso‐to micro‐scale study of different metamorphic foliations, identification of coesite in eclogitic garnets, geothermometry (Zr‐in‐rutile) and elastic geobarometry to constrain the LSZ activity during different stages of subduction and exhumation in the Alpine cycle. Garnet cores preserve a relict foliation related to the early stage of subduction along the plate interface, and it is restricted to the weaker metasedimentary layers. Both blocks and matrix within the LSZ record ultrahigh‐pressure eclogite‐facies conditions within the coesite stability field. This peak stage is also accompanied by the development of a high‐pressure main foliation. During the early tectonic exhumation, favored by the return flow in the subduction channel, a fully transpositive, composite eclogite‐facies foliation developed along the interface. Increasing viscosity contrast within the multi‐layered plate ‐interface shear zone promoted progressive strain partitioning, producing a subduction‐mélange fabric. In the late stage of exhumation, the LSZ acts as the extraction‐roof fault of an extruding wedge, and return‐flow displacement is accommodated by progressive self‐localizing tectonic disruption.

Ultrasound guided procedures in the head and neck: a clinician centered model

US guided sampling is a validated diagnostic approach for non-thyroid deep head and neck masses. To describe the setting of a clinician-driven Lump Clinic and analyze a monoinstitutional 7-year database of 849 patients undergoing US-guided sampling. FNA with Rapid OnSite Evalutation (ROSE) was the first diagnostic step. In the last years in selected cases, upon ROSE and discussion between clinician and histopathologist, a core biopsy was performed, usually in the same access. If cytology is non-diagnostic, and core biopsy have not been obtained, all available clinical and diagnostic data were re-examined by surgeons and cytopathologists to establish a multiparametric diagnosis (MD). Cytology and MD showed a sensitivity of 91.8% and 95.3% respectively and a specificity of 95.7% in diagnosing malignancy. Complication rate of US guided sampling was 0,12% (considering the number of patients: 1/849), without any serious adverse event. Present data confirm the great safety and utility of US guided procedures in the management of head and neck non-thryoid deep masses, while demonstrating the added value of a lump clinic built on the close cooperation between the head and neck surgeon and the histopathologists.

Unintended Consequences: The Impact of Policy Change on Indonesia’s Commercial Fishing Sector

This article analyses Indonesia’s fishing sector, focusing on its geography, capital distribution, labour dynamics and governing policies. Drawing on previously uncollated statistical data and insights from interviews with key informants, it assesses the impact of the Minapolitan and Blue Economy concepts and the Moratorium, Transshipment and Measured Fishing Catch policies, which have governed the sector since 2009. As the article demonstrates, some of these policies have had little impact while others have had quite serious consequences. The Moratorium and Transshipment policies, for example, led to disruptions in foreign investment, displacement among local fishers and layoffs in associated industries such as seafood processing. As the sector continues to grapple with uncertainty, investors and workers alike struggle to adapt amid successive regulatory changes.

Can the PVQ21 Measure Schwartz’s Refined Values?

Since its inception, the European Social Survey (ESS) has recognized the importance of studying human values because of their potential to contribute to our understanding of individuals and societies. All ESS rounds have included a shortened 21-item version of the Portrait Value Questionnaire (PVQ21) for measuring the 10 values of Schwartz’s original theory and the underlying 4 higher-order dimensions. This scale has seen widespread use in value studies, not limited to those based on the ESS. In 2012, Schwartz and colleagues proposed a refinement of the theory that identified 19 narrower values derived from the original 10. This theory has been cited in thousands of studies. The present research explores whether single items of the PVQ21 can be used to properly measure the 19 values of Schwartz’s refined theory. A sample of 645 Italian adults (56.1% females, M age =34.66) completed the PVQ21 and the PVQ-RR, an instrument developed to measure the refined values. We examined the correspondence between each PVQ21 item and the refined values on both theoretical and empirical grounds. Results suggested that the PVQ21 allows researchers to effectively capture most refined values. We discuss findings regarding their implications, possibilities, and limitations for measuring the refined values in the ESS.

Personality and succession: A call for future inquiry

Research examining personality in the family firm succession process has received scant attention in the family business literature. In this editorial piece, we reviewed relevant literature to determine how scholars have utilized theory and empirical techniques to understand how individual factors related to incumbents and successors influence the succession process. Our results indicate that most of the research to date lacks personality theory in its grounding and has yet to utilize methodologies and analytical approaches that might offer stronger answers to the question of why and how personality factors might impact the succession process in family firms. To help provide future scholars with avenues for enhanced inquiry, we offer theoretically driven directions and suggestions for empirical approaches that can be used by family business researchers and offer thoughts on the importance of this topic for the field.

Latin American bodies matter: a decolonial approach to reimagining the ‘perfect’ body in artistic gymnastics

This paper advances a decolonial critique of artistic gymnastics by examining how ideals of the ‘perfect’ gymnastic body are historically produced and policed through Eurocentric aesthetic regimes. Focusing on Daiane dos Santos and Rebeca Andrade (Brazil) and Alexa Moreno (Mexico), it argues that Latin American gymnasts expand the sport’s symbolic boundaries by legitimizing Afro-diasporic and Global South cultural repertoires and challenging body-based stereotypes. Using a historical–cultural approach informed by Vygotsky, Freire, Bourdieu and Djamila Ribeiro, the analysis interprets these performances as embodied interventions in disputes over value, legitimacy and voice. The paper contributes to the philosophy of sport and decolonial sport studies by reframing gymnastics aesthetics as a site of epistemic injustice.

Epistemological and Theoretical Foundations in Language Policy and Planning by Michele Gazzola, Federico Gobbo, David Cassels Johnson and Jorge Antonio Leoni de León, Cham (Switzerland), Palgrave Macmillan, 2023, Pp. ix+140, $49.99, ISBN: 978-3-031-22314-3 (hbk)

Graphene-Based Composites Fins: CFD Simulations and Comparison with Copper and Aluminum

High thermal conductivity composites, such as graphene-based composites, represent a promising alternative to traditional materials in heat exchange devices. This article presents computational fluid dynamics simulations of a finned copper device subjected to laminar flow. The fins are made of multilayer graphene sheets (GS) impregnated with polydimethylsiloxane. Three fin configurations (annular, rectangular, and pin) were simulated to identify the most efficient design. The device is heated by a 100 W heat source, and heat is removed by cold air flow (inlet temperature 20 °C, inlet velocity from 0.1 m/s to 3 m/s). Thermal contact between fin and base is modeled in four ways: a) ideal case (perfect contact); b) intermediate case (thermal paste); c) worst case (air layer); d) realistic case (porous thermal paste). Simulations were also conducted with copper and aluminum fins for comparison. The results show that the annular fin configuration is the most efficient. Under identical thermal contact conditions, composite fins (70 wt% GS) achieve efficiency comparable to copper and outperform aluminum fins. These findings suggest that graphene-based composite fins are a viable alternative, offering advantages like weight reduction, cost savings, and corrosion resistance. Future experimental work will validate these results.

A Qualitative Examination of Parent Perspectives of Digital Location Tracking Use With Their Emerging Adult Children

Parents in the United States are increasingly monitoring the location of their emerging adult children using digital location tracking (DLT) apps yet there is limited research available examining this experience. This qualitative exploratory study documents parent perspectives and reasons for using DLT app(s) to monitor the location of their emerging adult children (between the ages of 18–25) using data from semi-structured interviews with 20 parent participants from across the United States. An inductive thematic analysis approach was used to analyze the data. Parents expressed the desire for safety, managing logistics, and connectedness as well as using DLT in a larger family context with emerging adults tracking their parents. Understanding why parents use DLT apps with their emerging adult children helps define parent-emerging adult interactions and relationships.

Finite admixture models: a bridge with stochastic geometry and Choquet theory

Given a finite admixture model whose components and weights are unknown, let the number of identifiable components be a function of the amount of data sampled from a known distribution on the unit simplex. We use techniques from stochastic convex geometry to find the growth rate of its expected value. In addition, when the components are known but the weights are not, we provide an application of the classic Glivenko-Cantelli's theorem that allows us to retrieve the Choquet measure supported on the identifiable admixture components. In turn, this gives us the identifiable admixture weights. Finally, we propose a novel algorithm that estimates the model capturing the complexity of the data using only the strictly necessary number of components.